Development of a method of robust rain gauge network optimization based on intensity-duration-frequency results

Based on rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves, fitted in several locations of a given area, a robust optimization approach is proposed to identify the best locations to install new rain gauges. The advantage of robust optimization is that the resulting design solutions yield networks which behave acceptably under hydrological variability. Robust optimization can overcome the problem of selecting representative rainfall events when building the optimization process. This paper reports an original approach based on Montana IDF model parameters. The latter are assumed to be geostatistical variables, and their spatial interdependence is taken into account through the adoption of cross-variograms in the kriging process. The problem of optimally locating a fixed number of new monitoring stations based on an existing rain gauge network is addressed. The objective function is based on the mean spatial kriging variance and rainfall variogram structure using a variance-reduction method. Hydrological variability was taken into account by considering and implementing several return periods to define the robust objective function. Variance minimization is performed using a simulated annealing algorithm. In addition, knowledge of the time horizon is needed for the computation of the robust objective function. A short- and a long-term horizon were studied, and optimal networks are identified for each. The method developed is applied to north Tunisia (area = 21 000 km2). Data inputs for the variogram analysis were IDF curves provided by the hydrological bureau and available for 14 tipping bucket type rain gauges. The recording period was from 1962 to 2001, depending on the station. The study concerns an imaginary network augmentation based on the network configuration in 1973, which is a very significant year in Tunisia because there was an exceptional regional flood event in March 1973. This network consisted of 13 stations and did not meet World Meteorological Organization (WMO) recommendations for the minimum spatial density. Therefore, it is proposed to augment it by 25, 50, 100 and 160% virtually, which is the rate that would meet WMO requirements. Results suggest that for a given augmentation robust networks remain stable overall for the two time horizons

Otimização de metodologia para estimar a emissão de amônia no processo de compostagem de dejetos de suínos.

Proojeto: 01.09.01.001

Aspectos biométricos e de produção da cultivar 'BRS Morena' em cultivo protegido.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da cobertura plástica sobre o desenvolvimento da área foliar, dos ramos e dos fatores de produção da cultivar BRS Morena.Resumo

Prevalence and clonality of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the Atlantic Azores islands: predominance of SCCmec types IV, V and VI

In order to obtain insights into the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) population structure in the Azores archipelago, 106 MRSA isolates were collected from patients attending an Azorean central hospital between January 2007 and February 2008. Antimicrobial resistance was determined for all isolates. Molecular typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), spa typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal chromosome cassette mec (SCCmec) typing and the presence of Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL). The majority of the isolates (87%, n = 92) belonged to the EMRSA-15 clone (ST22, SCCmec-IVh), followed by the Pediatric clone (ST5-VI/IVc) (11%, n = 12). The Berlin clone (ST45-IVa) and a new clone (spa type t1839, ST1339 and SCCmec V variant) were represented by single isolates. All of the isolates carried SCCmec types IV, V or VI and a non-multiresistant antibiotic profile, resembling the currently emerging community MRSA. Moreover, PVL was described for the first time to be associated with the Pediatric clone carrying SCCmec type VI. We provided the first description of the population structure of MRSA in the Azores islands, which seems to be shaped by genetic events occurring locally, as well as by the regular population exchange between the islands, continental Portugal, the United Kingdom and the United States

Levantamento de reconhecimento de média intensidade dos solos e avaliação da aptidão agrícola das terras em 100.000 hectares da Gleba Machadinho, no Município de Ariquemes, Rondônia.

bitstream/item/62539/1/CNPS-BOL.-PESQ.-16-82.pdf; bitstream/item/216872/1/Mapa-de-Reconhecimento-de-Alta-Intensidade-dos-Solos-de-uma-Area-da-Gleba-Machadinho-no-Municipio-de-Ariquemes-1987.pdf; bitstream/item/216873/1/Mapa-de-Avaliacao-da-Aptidao-Agricola-das-Terras-de-uma-Area-da-Gleba-Machadinho-no-Municipio-de-Ariquemes-1987.pdfAcompanha 2 mapas, p&b. Escala 1:50.000. Contrato firmado entre a EMBRAPA-SNLCS e o INCRA-DRF

Time trends in prostate cancer mortality according to major geographic regions of Brazil: an analysis of three decades

Titles in Portuguese and Spanish = Tendência temporal da mortalidade por câncer de próstata segundo macrorregiões do Brasil: uma análise de três décadas = Las tendencias de la mortalidad por cáncer de próstata a través del tiempo, según las diferentes regiones brasileñas: un análisis de tres décadasThe aim of this study was to analyze prostate cancer mortality and time trends in Brazil, according to major geographic regions, States, and age brackets. Data on deaths from 1980 to 2010 were obtained from the Mortality Information System. Mortality trends were estimated using Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression. An upward time trend was observed in mortality in all regions of Brazil, with a mean annual increase of 2.8%. The upward trend in mortality occurred in most of the age brackets, with a concentration of deaths in men 70 to 79 years of age (41%) and a significant increase in the 40 to 60-year age bracket. The mortality rate increased significantly in all age brackets in the Northeast, compared to the other regions of Brazil. The study highlighted the importance of redistributing deaths from ill-defined causes in order to correct the mortality rates. The results point to significant regional differences and the need for continuous monitoring of mortality from prostate cancer in Brazil. = Analisar a distribuição e a tendência temporal da mortalidade por câncer de próstata segundo macrorregiões, Unidades Federativas (UF) e faixa etária no Brasil. Foram utilizados dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM), dos óbitos ocorridos entre 1980 e 2010. Estimou-se a tendência de mortalidade pelo método de Prais-Winsten de regressão linear generalizada. Verificou-se tendência temporal ascendente na taxa de mortalidade em todas as regiões do país, com aumento médio de 2,8% ao ano. A tendência ascendente na taxa de mortalidade ocorreu na maioria das faixas etárias, com concentração de óbitos entre homens de 70 a 79 anos (41%) e aumento significativo entre 40 e 60 anos. Houve um aumento significativo na taxa de mortalidade da Região Nordeste, e nas 25 UF em todas as faixas etárias comparada às demais regiões do Brasil. Verificou-se a importância na redistribuição de óbitos por causas mal definidas para correção das taxas de mortalidade. Os resultados apontam diferenças significativas regionais e a necessidade de monitoramento contínuo da mortalidade por câncer de próstata no Brasil. = Se analiza la distribución y la tendencia temporal de la mortalidad por cáncer de próstata según macrorregiones, Unidades Federativas (UF) y franja etaria en Brasil. Fueron utilizados datos del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM), con los óbitos acaecidos entre 1980 y 2010. Se estimó la tendencia de mortalidad por el método de Prais-Winsten de regresión lineal generalizado. Se verificó una tendencia temporal ascendente en la tasa de mortalidad en todas las regiones del país, con un aumento medio de un 2,8% al año. La tendencia ascendente en la tasa de mortalidad se produjo en la mayoría de las franjas de edad, concentrándose los óbitos entre hombres de 70 a 79 años (41%) y un aumento significativo entre 40 y 60 años. Hubo un aumento significativo en la tasa de mortalidad de la Región Nordeste, y en las 25 UF en todas las franjas de edad, comparadas con las demás regiones de Brasil. Se verificó la importancia en la redistribución de óbitos por causas mal definidas para la corrección de las tasas de mortalidad. Los resultados apuntan diferencias significativas regionales y la necesidad de un monitoreo continuo de la mortalidad por cáncer de próstata en Brasil.Mara Beatriz Martins Conceição, Antonio Fernando Boing, Karen Glazer Pere

Mercado de abacaxi ornamental: uma comparação entre dois grupos de consumidores.

A produção e o comércio de abacaxi ornamental emergem como uma alternativa promissora e com grandes potencialidades. Devido à sua diversidade essa fruta ganha destaque no mercado e na preferência do consumidor. O comportamento do consumidor pode ser influenciado por fatores culturais, ambientais, sociais, pessoais e psicológicos. As pessoas provenientes da mesma subcultura, classe social e ocupacional podem levar estilos diferentes de vida. Portanto, a manifestação de grupos consumidores frente aos atributos relevantes no mercado de abacaxi ornamental pode ser diferente. Diante disso este trabalho tem como objetivo comparar os dados obtidos no VI Simpósio Internacional de Abacaxi, realizado em João Pessoa (PB) e na III EXPOFLORES, realizada no município de Cruz das Almas (BA), demonstrando como se comportam diferentes grupos de consumidores, em relação aos atributos de mercado do abacaxi ornamental, como uma estratégia para orientar programas de melhoramento, sistemas de produção e comercialização.PDF 069

Potencial de utilização de extrato padronizado de Ruta graveolens como agente inibidor de Magnaporthe oryzae.

O objetivo foi avaliar o potencial do extrato vegetal líquido padronizado de Ruta graveolens no controle da brusone

Padronização do extrato de Ruta graveolens L. e avaliação da sua atividade em Magnaporthe oryzae.

O objetivo deste estudo foi padronizar o extrato vegetal líquido de R. graveolens L. e avaliar seu potencial para o controle da brusone em arroz.Apresentação oral - Pós-graduação

Gene expression analysis by ESTs sequencing of the Brazilian frog Phyllomedusa nordestina skin glands

AbstractThe subfamily Phyllomedusinae has attracted a great interest of many researchers mainly due to the high diversity of these frog species and plethora of pharmacological activities frequently observed for their skin secretions. Despite of this fact, mainly for new species, limited information is available regarding the molecular composition of these skin secretions and the cellular components involved in their production. Phyllomedusa nordestina is a recently described Brazilian frog species also popularly known as ‘tree-frogs’. Aiming at contributing to the biological knowledge of this species, we show here the gene expression profile of this frog skin secretion using a global ESTs analysis of a cDNA library. The marked aspect of this analysis revealed a significant higher transcriptional level of the opioid peptide dermorphins in P. nordestina skin secretion than in Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis, which is its closest related species, belonging both to the same phylogenetic group. Precursors of bioactive peptides as dermaseptins, phylloseptins, tryptophyllins, and bradykinin-like peptideswere also found in this library. Transcripts encoding proteins related to ordinary cellular functions and pathways were also described. Some of them are chiefly involved in the production of the skin secretion. Taken together, the data reported here constitute a contribution to the characterization of the molecular diversity of gene-encoded polypeptides with potential possibility of pharmacological exploitation. The transcriptional composition of the skin secretion may also help to give the necessary support for the definition of P. nordestina as a new species, which actually relies basically on frog morphological characteristics and geographical distribution