Collaborative airport passenger management with a virtual control room

Key performance indicator-driven connection management at airports with public transportation services Integrated traffic management across a range of shareholders within a widespread network requires a definition of KPIs to assess intermodal performance. Their purpose is to monitor and analyze the technical performance of individual modules of a transportation network, e.g. an airport. Actions recommended to optimize operations and to maintain operation during disruptions are ideally based on an understanding of the system-wide impact of the action and for the entire intermodal chain of the journey from door to door. With all the numerous possible parameters and indicators which can be monitored within a complex transportation network, not every indicator is necessarily a key indicator. We show which indicators can depict a situation consisting of a system status and a system forecast, which allow interstakeholder optimization and which serve as an enabler for a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) concept. Examples of intermodal-oriented KPIs include the Amount of useable travel time, the Boarding Score and the Connectivity Matrix. Useable travel times are defined as the longest, continuous travel and waiting times which can be used for productivity or relaxation. The Boarding Score accounts for reaching a connection on time, e.g. catching the desired flight after travelling to the airport by train. The Connectivity Matrix dynamically expands the Minimum Connecting Time MCT (which is known from airports and is important for booking systems), allowing forecast values to be offered based on the demanded connecting journeys instead of on average spreadsheet values. With the deployment of the new key performance indicator set a tool is given to visualize situational awareness at an airport. This includes nowcasting as well as forecasting awareness which is required to assess different options of intervention. The method of calculation of the KPI set is enriched by a concept of visualization using virtual reality options to maintain usability within distributed management teams. For validation purpose, the Optimode.net simulation environment is used

Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of a Family of Heterometallic Heptanuclear [Cu5Ln2] (Ln = Y(III), Lu(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III), and Yb(III)) Complexes: Observation of SMM behavior for the Dy(III) and Ho(III) Analogues

Sequential reaction of the multisite coordination ligand (LH3) with Cu(OAc)2*H2O, followed by the addition of a rare-earth(III) nitrate salt in the presence of triethylamine, afforded a series of heterometallic heptanuclear complexes containing a [Cu5Ln2] core {Ln = Y(1), Lu(2), Dy(3), Ho(4), Er(5), and Yb(6)}. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography reveals that all the complexes are dicationic species that crystallize with two nitrate anions to compensate the charge. The heptanuclear aggregates in 1−6 are centrosymmetrical complexes, with a hexagonal-like arrangement of six peripheral metal ions (two rare-earth and four copper) around a central Cu(II) situated on a crystallographic inversion center. An all-oxygen environment is found to be present around the rare-earth metal ions, which adopt a distorted square-antiprismatic geometry. Three different Cu(II) sites are present in the heptanuclear complexes: two possess a distorted octahedral coordination sphere while the remaining one displays a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. Detailed static and dynamic magnetic properties of all the complexes have been studied and revealed the single-molecule magnet behavior of the Dy(III) and Ho(III) derivatives

High-Temperature Spin Crossover Behavior in a Nitrogen-Rich FeIII Based System

A nitrogen-rich ligand bis(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)amine (H3bta) was employed to isolate a new FeIII complex, Na2NH4[FeIII(Hbta)3]*3DMF*2H2O (1). Single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that complex 1 consists of FeIII ions in an octahedral environment where each metal ion is coordinated by three Hbta2− ligands forming the [FeIII(Hbta)3]3− core. Each unit is linked to two one-dimensional (1-D) Na+/solvent chains creating a two-dimensional (2-D) network. In addition, the presence of multiple hydrogen bonds in all directions between ammonium cation and ligands of different [FeIII(Hbta)3]3− units generates a three-dimensional (3-D) network. Magnetic measurements confirmed that the FeIII center undergoes a Spin Crossover (SCO) at high temperature (T1/2 = 460(10) K)

Single-Chain Magnets

International audienc

A Linear Metal-Metal Bonded Tri-Iron Single-Molecule Magnet

The linear trinuclear complex cation [Fe 3 (DpyF) 4 ] 2+ was prepared as [Fe 3 (DpyF) 4 ](BF 4) 2 . 2CH 3 CN. With large Fe-Fe distances of 2.78 Å, this complex demonstrates intramolecular ferromagnetic coupling between the anisotropic Fe II centers (J/k B = +20.9(5) K) giving an S T = 6 ground state and exhibits single-molecule magnet properties

Electronic Structure of Ru2(II,II) Oxypyridinates: Synthetic, Structural, and Theoretical Insights into Axial Ligand Binding

International audienceReduction of (4,0)-Ru2(chp)4Cl (1) (chp = 6-chloro-2-oxypyridinate) with Zn or FeCl2 yields a series of axial ligand adducts of the Ru2(II,II) species Ru2(chp)4(L), with L = tetrahydrofuran (2), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; 3), PPh3 (4), pyridine (5), or MeCN (6). Zn reduction in noncoordinating solvents such as toluene or CH2Cl2 leads to the dimeric species [Ru2(chp)4]2 (7) or [Ru2(chp)4]2(ZnCl2) (8), whereas addition of strongly σ- donating ligands such as CO causes cleavage of the Ru−Ru bond. Density functional theory (DFT) models of these complexes, the axially free species, and the axial adducts of several other potential ligands (H2O, NH3, CH2Cl2, S-bound DMSO, N2, and CO) indicate that these compounds can be divided into threedistinct categories, based on their Ru−Ru bond length and electronic structure...

Liquid-Crystalline Zinc(II) and Iron(II) Alkyltriazoles One-Dimensional Coordination Polymers

Several series of unidimensional coordination polymers of formula [Zn(CnH2n+1trz)3](Cl)2*xH2O (n = 18, 16, 13, 11, 10, trz = 4-substituted-1,2,4- triazole), [Zn(C18H37trz)3](ptol)2*xH2O, [Fe(CnH2n+1trz)3](X)2*xH2O (n = 18, 16, 13, 10; X = Cl− or ptol−, where ptol− = p-tolylsulfonate anion), and [Fe(C18H37trz)3]- (X)2*xH2O (X = C8H17PhSO3 − and C8H17SO3 −) are reported with their thermal, structural, and magnetic properties. Most of these materials exhibit thermotropic lamellar mesophases at temperatures as low as 410 K, as confirmed by textures observed by polarized optical microscopy. The corresponding phase diagrams deduced by differential scanning calorimetry are also reported. All iron-containing materials present a spin crossover phenomenon that occurs at temperatures ranging from 242 to 360 K, only slightly below the mesophase temperature domain, and remains complete and cooperative, even for the longer alkyl substituents. The use of stable diamagnetic Zn(II) analogues proves to be very useful to characterize the comparatively less stable and less crystalline Fe(II) analogues

A Single-Chain Magnet Based on {CoII4} Complexes and Azido/ Picolinate Ligands

A new homonuclear single-chain magnet self-assembles as a one-dimensional coordination network of defective dicubane {CoII4} complexes linked by single CoII ions with the assistance of azido and picolinate ligands. Dominating intrachain ferromagnetic interactions, intrinsic Ising-like CoII anisotropy, and negligible interchain magnetic interactions lead to a thermally activated relaxation time of the magnetization below 8 K. Two thermally activated regimes above and below 3.5 K are observed with the following energy barriers: Δτ1/kB = 66 K (τ0 = 3.7 × 10−11 s) and Δτ2/kB = 51 K (τ0 = 2.3 × 10−9 s), respectively. The difference between the two energy barriers of the relaxation time, 15 K, agrees well with the experimental energy, Δξ, to create a domain wall along the chain

Pressure Induced Crossover between a Ferromagnetic and a Canted Antiferromagnetic State for [Bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)-iron(III)][Tetracyanoethenide], [FeCp₂*][TCNE]

The reversible hydrostatic pressure dependent DC magnetic behavior of the ferromagnetically ordered electron transfer salt [Fe^IIICp₂*]^•+[TCNE]^•– (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienide; TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) was studied up to 12.2 kbar. A significant departure from the ambient pressure ferromagnetic behavior was observed under pressure. The temperature dependent magnetization data were typical of a ferromagnet at ambient pressure but exhibited an extreme reduction with increasing applied pressure, while metamagnetic-like behavior was evident in the field dependent magnetization data at 4.2 kbar and above. Hence, the decrease of the intermolecular separations due to increasing pressure enhances the nearest neighbor couplings, leading to an increase in magnetic ordering temperature, <i>T</i>_c. Furthermore, the presence of a metamagnetic-like behavior suggests an increase of the antiferromagnetic contribution to the interchain interactions. The low field magnetization data indicate that spin canting is induced by pressure, leading to a canted antiferromagnetic phase with a much lower magnetization than the low-pressure ferromagnetic state. This unprecedented magnetic behavior is consistent with the field, temperature, and pressure dependences of the magnetization below 20 K

[Ru^III(valen)(CN)₂]⁻: a New Building Block To Design 4d–4f Heterometallic Complexes

New 4d–4f heterometallic complexes with a one-dimensional structure, ¹_∞[{Ru­(valen)­(CN)₂KRu­(valen)­(CN)₂}­{Ln­(O₂NO)₂(CH₃OH)₃}]·2CH₃OH (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy), have been assembled from the reaction of [K­(H₂O)₂Ru^III(valen)­(CN)₂]·H₂O with lanthanide nitrates. The exchange interaction between Ru^III and Gd^III mediated by the cyanido ligand was determined for the first time and found to be weak and of antiferromagnetic nature