In vitro bioactivities of anodised titanium in mixtrue of B-Glycerophosphate and calcium acetate for biomedical application

Anodic oxidation has been widely used to modify the surface properties of titanium in order to improve the biocompatibility after implantation. In this study, high purity titanium foils were exposed in a mixture of β-glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate (β-GP) and calcium acetate monohydrate (CA). The parameters for anodic oxidation method such as applied voltage (50-350 V), current density(10-70 mA.cm-2), electrolyte concentration (0.02 M β-GP + 0.2 M CA, 0.04 M β-GP + 0.04 M CA) , anodising time (5-10 mins), agitation speed (300-1500 rpm), ultrasonic amplitude (20-60 μm) and bath temperature (4-100 °C) were varied to investigate the impact on the surface properties of titanium. The results showed that surface of the titanium foil appeared to be highly porous and demonstrated high crystallinity as well as high hydrophilic properties especially when the parameters of anodic oxidation have been varied. This study also proposes two novel methods particularly to accelerate the bone-like apatite formation on the anodised titanium in a shorted time: (1) UV irradiation during in vitro testing and (2) adding additives in electrolyte. After soaked and irradiated with UV in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days, highly crystallised bone-like apatite was fully covered on the anodised surface. Interestingly, the smooth and partially porous surface of the anodised titanium was observed to be fully covered by the bone-like apatite layer, which contradict previous research results. The mechanism for growth of bone-like apatite was developed and involved several stages from the existence of hydroxyl groups (•OH) under the UV irradiation has been disclosed thoroughly. Further, additives such as sulphuric acid (H2SO4), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were added into the electrolyte were also able to accelerate the formation of bone-like apatite because of the presence of (•OH), tricalcium phosphate (Ca3O8P2), calcium diphosphate (Ca2O7P2), calcium titanate (CaTiO3) or sodium titanate (Na2Ti3O7) on the anodised surface, which able to induce the nucleation site of bone-like apatite

The relationship of professional support and commitment to the teaching profession

Although the study of professional support and professional commitment are prevalent in the education literature, not many studies examined both these issues issue among technical school educators. Acknowledging this limitation, this study was undertaken to examine the extent to which professional commitment can be influenced by professional support among this group of teachers. Data for this exploratory study were collected using self administered questionnaires, from 120 randomly selected technical school teachers. Correlational analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between professional support and professional commitment among the teachers understudied. Multiple regression analysis showed that the variance in explaining professional commitment was contributed by professional support, comprising, both principal support and collegial support. Based on the statistical results, implications of the findings were discussed in the context of understanding the relationship between professional support and professional commitment. Suggestions on how to increase professional commitment and professional support as well avenues for future research were also provided

What is the best practice in domestic inquiry?

Before we go through what is the best practice of domestic inquiry in Malaysia, we have to get ourselves more familiar with the meaning of best practice and domestic inquiry. A best practice is a type of method or strategy universally accepted as preferable to any alternative since it produces results superior for those attained through other means or because it is becoming a typical way of acting. Such as a standard way of implementing and practice domestic inquiry in the work environment. Best practices are an easy solution to obligatory federal norms to retain quality and based on personal-assessment or performance analysis. Some counselling firms spend significant time in the region of best practice and offer pre-made formats to institutionalize business process documentation. Now and again, a best practice is not pertinent or is improper for a specific association’s needs. This assignment will define what particle was required to enhance and maintain the best practice of domestic inquiry to protect the rights at work

Feature extraction of speech signal and heartbeat detection in angry emotion identification

Angry is one of emotions that play an essential role in decision making, perception, learning and more. This paper detects the angry emotion by analyzing and recognizing angry speech signal as well as detecting the heartbeat condition. The speech database was uttered by various speakers in different gender and emotions. For the analyzing experiment, several digital signal processing methods such as autocorrelation and linear predication technique was introduced to analyze the features. Then, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to classify each parameter features such as mean fundamental frequency, maximum fundamental frequency, standard deviation fundamental frequency, mean amplitude, pause length ratio and first formant frequency to recognize the emotion. Meanwhile, a heartbeat monitoring circuit was developed to measure the heartbeat. The accuracy of the result has achieved over than 80 percent during emotional recognition test. This method can be used further to recognize angry emotion of patient during counseling session

Implications of the Little Higgs Dark Matter and T-odd Fermions

We study the phenomenology of dark matter in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity after the discovery of Higgs boson. We analyze the relic abundance of dark matter, focusing on the effects of coannihilaitons with T-odd fermions. After determining the parameter space that predicts the correct relic abundance measured by WMAP and Planck collaborations, we evaluate the elastic scattering cross section between dark matter and nucleon. In comparison with experimental results, we find that the lower mass of dark matter is constrained mildly by LUX 2013 while the future XENON experiment has potential to explore most of the parameter space for both T-odd lepton and T-odd quark coannihilation scenarios. We also study the collider signatures of T-odd fermion pair production at the LHC. Even though the production cross sections are large, it turns out very challenging to search for these T-odd fermions directly at the collider because the visible charged leptons or jets are very soft. Furthermore, we show that, with an extra hard jet radiated out from the initial state, the T-odd quark pair production can contribute significantly to mono-jet plus missing energy search at the LHC