Impact of solid waste disposal on ground water quality near Gazipur dumping site, Delhi, India

The present study was carried out to study the impact of domestic wastes disposal on ground water quality at Delhi, India. Ground water is one of the major sources of drinking water in arid and semi-arid regions. Ground water quality data and its distributions are important for the purpose of planning and management. The samples of ground water were collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters viz. conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate,fluoride, sodium and potassium. Among these parameters, TDS were found higher 1400, 1068, 1524, 1656, 840, 1106, 1540, 1330, 1900, 1960, 1914, 2061 mg/l at all the Ga1,Ga2, Ga3, Ga4, Ga5, Ga6, Ga7, Ga8, Ga9, Ga10, Ga11, Ga12, Ga13, Ga14, Ga15, Ga16 sampling sites respectively. TDS were observed beyond the desirable limits of BIS at all the sampling sites. Maximum value of TDS (2061 mg/l) was found at the sampling site Ga12 while the minimum value of TDS (1061 mg/l) was found at the sampling site Ga2. Maximum value of chloride (560 mg/l) wasfound at sampling site Ga4, while the minimum value of chloride (60 mg/l) was found at sampling site Ga5 and rest all other parameters were found within permissible limit. The present study concluded that the chloride and TDS in water samples were above to the desirable limit and below to the permissible limit of BIS and rest all other parameters were within desirable limit

ROLE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA INJECTIONS IN TENNIS ELBOW; A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in chronic/recalcitrant cases of lateral epicondylitis in comparison to steroid injections and their role in averting surgical procedures. Methods: A prospective study was carried out in the Post Graduate Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Jammu, from July 21 to June 22. Results: The patients managed with PRP injections tend to have a better outcome in long-term follow-up than the steroid group and the results in our study have been found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: We consider PRP injection for intractable lateral epicondylitis of the elbow, not only a safe but also very effective tool in reducing symptoms as well as averting the need for surgical intervention in this difficult cohort of patients

Impact of COVID-19 on the patient visits in ortho emergency at a tertiary care centre

Background: COVID-19 pandemic effects are still being elucidated. Stay-at-home orders issued during peak of COVID-19 and social distancing as lockdown measures compounded with COVID-19 concerns have caused significant disruptions in daily life. One notable effect of these variables may be a change in the number of emergency department (ED) visits. This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on ED visits, and possible reasons for changes.Methods: Retrospective analysis using data for ED visits and procedures performed in the orthopaedics department of GMC Jammu were collected from the record section of GMC Jammu for four months prior and post implementation of lockdown and results were deduced with regards to the comparison in the number of visits, admissions and surgeries done pre and post-lockdown period.Results: The mean number of ED visits/admissions per day for the last four months of available data post lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic was significantly less than the four months prior to COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions: A number of factors have likely contributed to the substantial decrease in ED visits observed in this study. In light of these findings, it is important to raise patient awareness regarding conditions that require urgent ortho consultation so as to avoid any type of deformity/disability whatsoever

Paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures managed by k-wire fixation, should the wires be buried or left exposed: a dilemma

Background: Fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus in children are common injuries. If displaced or unstable they may require surgical reduction and fixation with Kirschner wires (K-wires). These may be passed through the skin and left exposed or buried subcutaneously.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in department of orthopaedics at my college from January 2019 to March 2020.  A total number of 37 subjects were included in the study.Results: Patients were followed for a period of 3 months and results were drawn on basis of union, infection, carrying angle at the elbow, and range of motion (ROM) which was assessed by clinico-radiological means.Conclusions: Buried wire group has shown better union rate than exposed group, wires could be removed under local anaesthesia thereby avoiding any major procedure and also the risk of infection is low making this a better option than the exposed cohort

A study of lipid profile in chronic kidney disease in pre- dialysis patients

Introduction: Longitudinal studies have established that Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) occur more frequently and are the leading cause of death in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Dyslipidemia has been established as an important risk factor in the pathogenesis of CVD in CKD patients. Objectives: Present study was aimed to evaluate (in CKD patients),Demography along with Prevalence and Pattern of Dyslipidemiaand co-relation of Dyslipidemia with various CK Dstages. Methods: Present Cross-sectional study, conducted in Department of Medicine, R.D. Gardi Medical College and CRG hospital, Ujjain, M.P. from 1st January 2015 to 31st July 2016.We studied 115 pre-dialysis CKDcases and 100 age & sex matched controls. CKD was diagnosed as per 2012 KDOQI Criteria. Result:In CKD cases,maximum 23.47% cases belonged to fifth decade. Mean age was 48.99 ± 16.74. Male to Female ratio was1.21: 1. Prevalence of individual dyslipidemias was High TC= 50.44%, High TG= 67%, High LDL-C= 42%, High VLDL-C= 67% and Low HDL-C= 73.9%. Overall, prevalence of dyslipidemia was 82.6%. Significant increase in TG and VLDL-C and significant decrease in HDL-C was observed. TC and LDL-C were non- significantly increased.TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C were in increasing trend with progression of CKD stages (3-5) and increased in Subgroup II (ESRD) as compared to Subgroup I (Non-ESRD), the increase being significant in case of TG and VLDL-C. HDL-C value was in decreasing trend with progression of CKD stages and significantly decreased in Subgroup II as compared to Subgroup I.TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C showed negative correlation with GFR while HDL-C showed positive correlation. TG, HDL-C and VLDL-C showed highly significant correlation. HDL-C showed strongest correlation, followed by TG. Conclusion: Patients with CKD are predisposed to accelerated atherosclerosis leading to increased CVD. This study confirms the presence of atherogenic lipid profile in CKD

Shape Memory Alloy Thin Films And Heterostructures For Mems Applications: A Review

In recent years, shape memory alloy (SMA) thin films have attracted significant attention from the scientific community and industry for their potential applications in the field of smart sensors and actuators, micro- and nano-electromechanical systems, aerospace, automobile, and biomedical. The present article focuses on the recent developments in the field of SMA thin films and their heterostructures with other materials for potential microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. Various microdevices such as microgrippers, micropumps, microvalves, and cantilevers fabricated from binary and ternary SMA films have been discussed in detail. SMA thin films combined with various nitrides, oxides, and ferroelectric layers offer excellent surface modification and vibration damping at microscale for their use in harsh environments. The article encompasses the new paradigms in the field of SMA thin films that have been essentially developed by the authors and co-workers during the past 6 years

A study on Epidemiology and Symptomatology and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease patients

Introduction: Longitudinal studies have established that Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) occur more frequently and are the leading cause of death in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Dyslipidemia has been established as an important risk factor in the pathogenesis of CVD in CKD patients. Objectives: Present study was aimed to evaluate (in CKD patients), Demography along with Symptomatology and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease patients (Study cases). Methods: Present Cross-sectional study, conducted in Department of Medicine, R.D. Gardi Medical College and CRG hospital, Ujjain, M.P. from 1 st January 2015 to 31st July 2016. We studied 115 pre-dialysis CKDcases and 100 age & sex matched controls. CKD was diagnosed as per 2012 KDOQI Criteria. Result: In CKD cases, maximum 23.47% cases belonged to fifth decade. Mean age was 48.99 ± 16.74. Male to Female ratio was1.21: 1. In the present study of 115 Study cases, pallor was present in ninety five (82.6%) cases, followed by facial puffiness in eighty eight (76.5%) cases, pedal oedema in eighty two (71.3%) cases and oliguria in eighty (69.5%) cases. Hypertension was evident in eighty seven (75.6%) cases. The mean Serum Creatinine, Urea, Total Protein, albumin, Potassium, Phosphorus value were increased in Study group as compared to control group. The mean Serum Calcium value was decreased in Study group as compared to control group