63 research outputs found
Default-Mode-Like Network Activation in Awake Rodents
During wakefulness and in absence of performing tasks or sensory processing, the default-mode network (DMN), an intrinsic central nervous system (CNS) network, is in an active state. Non-human primate and human CNS imaging studies have identified the DMN in these two species. Clinical imaging studies have shown that the pattern of activity within the DMN is often modulated in various disease states (e.g., Alzheimer's, schizophrenia or chronic pain). However, whether the DMN exists in awake rodents has not been characterized. The current data provides evidence that awake rodents also possess āDMN-likeā functional connectivity, but only subsequent to habituation to what is initially a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) environment as well as physical restraint. Specifically, the habituation process spanned across four separate scanning sessions (Day 2, 4, 6 and 8). At Day 8, significant (p<0.05) functional connectivity was observed amongst structures such as the anterior cingulate (seed region), retrosplenial, parietal, and hippocampal cortices. Prior to habituation (Day 2), functional connectivity was only detected (p<0.05) amongst CNS structures known to mediate anxiety (i.e., anterior cingulate (seed region), posterior hypothalamic area, amygdala and parabracial nucleus). In relating functional connectivity between cingulate-default-mode and cingulate-anxiety structures across Days 2-8, a significant inverse relationship (rā=āā0.65, pā=ā0.0004) was observed between these two functional interactions such that increased cingulate-DMN connectivity corresponded to decreased cingulate anxiety network connectivity. This investigation demonstrates that the cingulate is an important component of both the rodent DMN-like and anxiety networks
Assessment of contractility in intact ventricular cardiomyocytes using the dimensionless āFrankāStarling Gainā index
This paper briefly recapitulates the FrankāStarling law of the heart, reviews approaches to establishing diastolic and systolic forceālength behaviour in intact isolated cardiomyocytes, and introduces a dimensionless index called āFrankāStarling Gainā, calculated as the ratio of slopes of end-systolic and end-diastolic forceālength relations. The benefits and limitations of this index are illustrated on the example of regional differences in Guinea pig intact ventricular cardiomyocyte mechanics. Potential applicability of the FrankāStarling Gain for the comparison of cell contractility changes upon stretch will be discussed in the context of intra- and inter-individual variability of cardiomyocyte properties
Chemical-Mineralogical Characterization of Magnetic Materials from Magnetic Soils of the Southern EspinhaƧo Mountain Chain and of the Upper Jequitinhonha Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Intracellular calcium transient of working human myocardium of seven patients transplanted for congestive heart failure.
Omega 3 Wundtherapie (KerecisĀ®) - Erste Ergebnisse eines neuartigen Therapieansatzes bei Problemwunden nach Amputationen
Problemfall prƤmature Becken-AVK bei Frauen - Erfahrung mit der Vena femoralis zur Rekonstruktion der Iliacalachse nach frustraner Intervention
10-Jahres-Ćberleben nach offener und endovaskulƤrer Therapie des Bauchaortenaneurysmas
Reduzierte Verweildauer und gĆ¼nstiges LangzeitĆ¼berleben nach video-thorakoskopischer Segmentresektion kleiner Lungenkarzinome
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