Clinical and histomorphometric evaluation of extraction sockets treated with an autologous bone marrow graft

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of an autologous bone marrow graft in preserving the alveolar ridges following tooth extraction. Materials Thirteen patients requiring extractions of 30 upper anterior teeth were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into two groups: seven patients with 15 teeth to be extracted in the test group and six patients with 15 teeth to be extracted in the control group. Hematologists collected 5 ml of bone marrow from the iliac crest of the patients in the test group immediately before the extractions. Following tooth extraction and elevation of a buccal full-thickness flap, titanium screws were positioned throughout the buccal to the lingual plate and were used as reference points for measurement purposes. The sockets were grafted with an autologous bone marrow in the test sites and nothing was grafted in the control sites. After 6 months, the sites were re-opened and bone loss measurements for thickness and height were taken. Additionally, before implant placement, bone cores were harvested and prepared for histologic and histomorphometric evaluation. Results The test group showed better results (P < 0.05) in preserving alveolar ridges for thickness, with 1.14 +/- 0.87 mm (median 1) of bone loss, compared with the control group, which had 2.46 +/- 0.4 mm (median 2.5) of bone loss. The height of bone loss on the buccal plate was also greater in the control group than in the test group (P < 0.05), 1.17 +/- 0.26 mm (median 1) and 0.62+0.51 (median 0.5), respectively. In five locations in the control group, expansion or bone grafting complementary procedures were required to install implants while these procedures were not required for any of the locations in the test group. The histomorphometric analysis showed similar amounts of mineralized bone in both the control and the test groups, 42.87 +/- 11.33% (median 43.75%) and 45.47 +/- 7.21% (median 45%), respectively. Conclusion These findings suggest that the autologous bone marrow graft can contribute to alveolar bone repair after tooth extraction. To cite this article:Pelegrine AA, da Costa CES, Correa MEP, Marques JFC Jr. Clinical and histomorphometric evaluation of extraction sockets treated with an autologous bone marrow graft.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 535-542.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01891.x.215535542IMPLAC LaboratoryKIM Laborator

Relationships between kernel vitreousness and dry matter degradability for diverse corn germplasm I. Development of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy calibrations

Negative correlations between corn vitreousness and ruminal dry matter and starch degradabilities have been widely reported. To measure corn vitreousness and density more rapidly, Correa et al. [Correa, C.E.S., Shaver, R.D., Pereira, M.N., Lauer, J.G., Kohn, K., 2002. Relationship between corn vitreousness and ruminal in-situ starch degradability. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 3008-3012] initiated the development of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations from 47 samples derived from 14 US and five Brazilian commercial hybrids. In this study, we generated more data to add to these NIRS calibrations with the objective of making them more robust. We also evaluated the potential of using Stenvert hardness measurements for NIR calibrations. Thirty-three diverse corn germplasm, sources were grown at University of Wisconsin West Madison Research Station. These included a wide range of endosperm characteristics from opaque 2 (o2) types to densely packed flint types, and a number of intermediates. Harvest was at 1/2 milkline and black-layer maturity stages. Dried kernels from middle portions of ears from 12 selected inbreds, four each from low (0-30%), medium (30-70%), and high (70-100%) vitreousness classifications were used to determine vitreousness by manual dissection and density by water displacement using a pycnometer. Hardness was determined on all 33 inbreds on a 20 g sample using a Stenvert micro hammer-cutter mill with 2 mm screen size and 3600 rpm to measure time to collect ground sample to a set receptacle height (T); total column height (CH); and height ratio of coarse to fine (C/F) particles. The NIRS equations were selected on the basis of high R-2-values (0.90,0.92,0.85, and 0.85) and low SEC (4.85, 0.01, 1.39, and 0.19) and SECV (6.04, 0.02, 1.79, and 0.25), for vitroueness, density, T and CH factors, respectively. Calibrations for vitreousness and density were regarded as the best prediction models compared to stenvert hardness measurements as determined by their RPD values (3.73 and 2.50, respectively). These results show that NIRS can be used as a screening tool in large-scale breeding trials to develop corn hybrids of desired endosperm properties for improved ruminal degradabilities