27 research outputs found
Indirect effects of ocean acidification drive feeding and growth of juvenile crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster planci
Evaluation of dyes for marking painted apple moths (Teia anartoides Walker, Lep. Lymantriidae) used in a sterile insect release program
A field experiment with elevated atmospheric CO2-mediated changes to C4 crop-herbivore interactions
Adaptation of Agricultural and Food Systems to a Changing Climate and Increasing Urbanization
Interaction of spittlebug and forage grass under different carbon dioxide concentrations
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) allomone response to cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, in a closed-dynamics CO2 chamber (CDCC)
Virus infection mediates the effects of elevated CO2 on plants and vectors
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentration has increased significantly and is projected to double by 2100. To increase current food production levels, understanding how pests and diseases respond to future climate driven by increasing CO(2) is imperative. We investigated the effects of elevated CO(2) (eCO(2)) on the interactions among wheat (cv. Yitpi), Barley yellow dwarf virus and an important pest and virus vector, the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), by examining aphid life history, feeding behavior and plant physiology and biochemistry. Our results showed for the first time that virus infection can mediate effects of eCO(2) on plants and pathogen vectors. Changes in plant N concentration influenced aphid life history and behavior, and N concentration was affected by virus infection under eCO(2). We observed a reduction in aphid population size and increased feeding damage on noninfected plants under eCO(2) but no changes to population and feeding on virus-infected plants irrespective of CO(2) treatment. We expect potentially lower future aphid populations on noninfected plants but no change or increased aphid populations on virus-infected plants therefore subsequent virus spread. Our findings underscore the complexity of interactions between plants, insects and viruses under future climate with implications for plant disease epidemiology and crop production