Identification of a Novel Calotropis procera Protein That Can Suppress Tumor Growth in Breast Cancer through the Suppression of NF-κB Pathway

10.1371/journal.pone.0048514PLoS ONE712

FCC Physics Opportunities: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 1

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics

Iron Behaving Badly: Inappropriate Iron Chelation as a Major Contributor to the Aetiology of Vascular and Other Progressive Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases

The production of peroxide and superoxide is an inevitable consequence of aerobic metabolism, and while these particular "reactive oxygen species" (ROSs) can exhibit a number of biological effects, they are not of themselves excessively reactive and thus they are not especially damaging at physiological concentrations. However, their reactions with poorly liganded iron species can lead to the catalytic production of the very reactive and dangerous hydroxyl radical, which is exceptionally damaging, and a major cause of chronic inflammation. We review the considerable and wide-ranging evidence for the involvement of this combination of (su)peroxide and poorly liganded iron in a large number of physiological and indeed pathological processes and inflammatory disorders, especially those involving the progressive degradation of cellular and organismal performance. These diseases share a great many similarities and thus might be considered to have a common cause (i.e. iron-catalysed free radical and especially hydroxyl radical generation). The studies reviewed include those focused on a series of cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological diseases, where iron can be found at the sites of plaques and lesions, as well as studies showing the significance of iron to aging and longevity. The effective chelation of iron by natural or synthetic ligands is thus of major physiological (and potentially therapeutic) importance. As systems properties, we need to recognise that physiological observables have multiple molecular causes, and studying them in isolation leads to inconsistent patterns of apparent causality when it is the simultaneous combination of multiple factors that is responsible. This explains, for instance, the decidedly mixed effects of antioxidants that have been observed, etc...Comment: 159 pages, including 9 Figs and 2184 reference

Limitação de atividades em idosos: estudo em novos usuários de próteses auditivas por meio do questionário APHAB Activity limitations in the elderly: a study of new hearing aid users using the APHAB questionnaire

OBJETIVO: Avaliar limitações auditivas de idosos com perda auditiva sensorioneural de grau moderado a severo segundo variáveis escolaridade e grau da perda auditiva, por meio do questionário de auto-avaliação Abbreviate Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB). MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado o questionário em 30 idosos antes e após três meses de uso da amplificação. A amostra foi composta por 60% mulheres e 40% homens, com média de idade de 71,6 anos. O grau de escolaridade foi distribuído em três categorias: não-alfabetizado, ensino fundamental e ensino médio. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Os escores foram comparados por sub-escala, e a avaliação geral pela subtração desses escores. Além disso, foi calculada a associação entre benefício e grau de escolaridade e grau de perda auditiva. RESULTADOS: O estudo comparativo entre os escores obtidos na aplicação do questionário sem e com prótese auditiva revelou diferença nas sub-escalas Facilidade de Comunicação, Reverberação e Ruído Ambiental, com valores de p<0,001. Na sub-escala Aversão aos Sons ocorreu piora com a amplificação. Houve melhora no desempenho com prótese auditiva na avaliação geral nas três sub-escalas. Não houve associação entre o benefício obtido com a prótese auditiva, grau de escolaridade e grau de perda auditiva. CONCLUSÃO: Há benefício nas sub-escalas: Facilidade de Comunicação, Reverberação e Ruído Ambiental. Não há associação entre benefício, escolaridade e grau da perda auditiva. O benefício obtido na sub-escala Ruído Ambiental é menor que nas sub-escalas Facilidade de Comunicação e Reverberação.<br>PURPOSE: To evaluate hearing limitations among elderly individuals with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss according to the variables educational level and degree of hearing loss, using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit self-assessment questionnaire. METHODS: The questionnaire was applied to 30 elderly subjects before and after three months of use of amplification. The sample was composed of 60% females and 40% males, with mean age of 71.6 years. Educational level was divided into three categories: illiterate, elementary school, and high school education. Data were analyzed statistically. Scores were compared by subscale and an overall assessment was conducted by subtracting these scores. Moreover, it was calculated the association between benefit and educational level and degree of hearing loss. RESULTS: The comparative study between scores obtained in the questionnaire with and without hearing aid revealed difference in the subscales Ease of Communication, Reverberation and Background Noise, with values p<0.001. In the Aversion to Sounds subscale, it was observed a decline with amplification. Performance improved with the hearing aid in the overall evaluation for all three subscales. There was no association between benefits obtained with the hearing aid, educational level, and degree of hearing loss. CONCLUSION: Benefits were reported in the subscales: Ease of Communication, Reverberation, and Background Noise. No association was found between benefits, educational level and degree of hearing loss. The benefit obtained in the Background Noise subscale is smaller than that observed in Reverberation and Ease of Communication

Prevalência e fatores associados a sintomas de ansiedade em uma coorte de gestantes atendidas em um centro de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro Prevalence of anxiety symptoms and associated factors in a cohort of pregnant women attending a health care center in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro

OBJETIVOS: determinar a prevalência e a associação entre variáveis sócio-demográficas, obstétricas, nutricionais e sintomas de ansiedade em gestantes. MÉTODOS: trata-se de estudo prospectivo com cinco ondas de seguimento. A presente análise é transversal e foi realizada com 151 gestantes. A variável dependente foi a presença ou ausência de ansiedade na gestação, medida entre a 19ª e 21ª semana de gestação. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) para avaliar a ansiedade traço (a-traço). As variáveis independentes foram extraídas de um questionário com dados sócio-demográficos, obstétricos e nutricionais. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio da técnica de regressão multivariada de Poisson com variância robusta. RESULTADOS as gestantes tinham em média 25 anos e nove anos de escolaridade. A prevalência de ansiedade foi de 64,9% (IC95%: 56,7-72,5). No modelo multivariado observou-se que mulheres mais jovens (entre 18 e 24,9 anos, RP=1,35; IC95%: 1,06-1,71) e de menor escolaridade (um a oito anos, RP=1,39; IC95%: 1,11-1,73) apresentaram maior chance de desenvolver ansiedade. CONCLUSÕES: a prevalência de ansiedade foi elevada nesta amostra de gestantes acompanhadas em uma unidade básica de saúde. O conhecimento dos fatores associados à ansiedade é de fundamental importância para que a equipe multidisciplinar possa intervir de forma precoce e adequada no tratamento das gestantes.<br>OBJECTIVES: to determine the prevalence and the association between socio-demographic, obstetric and nutritional variables and anxiety symptoms in pregnant women. METHODS: the study involved cohorts with five follow-up stages. A cross-sectional analysis was carried out of 151 pregnant women. The presence or absence of anxiety was treated as the dependent variable, which was measured between 19 and 21 weeks of gestation. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAIT) scale was used to evaluate the anxiety trait. The socio-demographic, obstetric and nutritional data obtained using a questionnaire were treated as independent variables. The statistical analysis was performed using a multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: the mean age was 25 years and mean level of schooling nine years. The prevalence of anxiety was 64.9% (95%CI: 56.7-72.5). The anxiety trait was associated with age between 18 and 24.9 years (PR=1.35; 95%CI: 1.06-1.71) and 1-8 years of schooling (PR=1.39; 95%CI: 1.11-1.73). CONCLUSIONS: it was observed that the anxiety trait was highly prevalent in this sample of pregnant women whose progress was followed at a health care center. Knowledge of the factors associated with the anxiety is of fundamental importance in allowing the health team to intervene in a timely and appropriate fashion in a pregnant woman's treatment