Erratum to "Short communication: Genetic association between schizophrenia and cannabis use" [Drug Alcohol Depend. 171 (2017) 117-121].

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Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder predict creativity.

To access publisher's full text version of this article click on the hyperlink at the bottom of the pageWe tested whether polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder would predict creativity. Higher scores were associated with artistic society membership or creative profession in both Icelandic (P = 5.2 × 10(-6) and 3.8 × 10(-6) for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder scores, respectively) and replication cohorts (P = 0.0021 and 0.00086). This could not be accounted for by increased relatedness between creative individuals and those with psychoses, indicating that creativity and psychosis share genetic roots.Innovative Medicines Initiative 115008 European Union GA 286213 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust King's College London Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research NWO Investments 175.010.2005.011 911-03-012 Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly 014-93-015 RIDE2 Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) 050-060-810 Erasmus Medical Center Erasmus University, Rotterdam Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw) Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE) Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Sports European Commission (DG XII) Municipality of Rotterdam Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) MagW/ZonMW BBMRI-NL 184.021.007 VU University Institute for Health and Care Research (EMGO+) Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam European Science Council (ERC) Genetics of Mental Illness 230374 Avera Institute for Human Genetics and US National Institute of Mental Health 1RC2MH089951-01 1RC2 MH089995 Ragnar Soderberg Foundation E9/11 Swedish Research Council 421-2013-1061 Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation P2012-0002:1 Sven and Dagmar Salen Foundation Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation M11-0451:1 Karolinska Institutet Netherlands Scientific Organization NWO 480-05-003info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/28621

Genome-wide association study of lifetime cannabis use based on a large meta-analytic sample of 32 330 subjects from the International Cannabis Consortium.

Cannabis is the most widely produced and consumed illicit psychoactive substance worldwide. Occasional cannabis use can progress to frequent use, abuse and dependence with all known adverse physical, psychological and social consequences. Individual differences in cannabis initiation are heritable (40-48%). The International Cannabis Consortium was established with the aim to identify genetic risk variants of cannabis use. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data of 13 cohorts (N=32 330) and four replication samples (N=5627). In addition, we performed a gene-based test of association, estimated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability and explored the genetic correlation between lifetime cannabis use and cigarette use using LD score regression. No individual SNPs reached genome-wide significance. Nonetheless, gene-based tests identified four genes significantly associated with lifetime cannabis use: NCAM1, CADM2, SCOC and KCNT2. Previous studies reported associations of NCAM1 with cigarette smoking and other substance use, and those of CADM2 with body mass index, processing speed and autism disorders, which are phenotypes previously reported to be associated with cannabis use. Furthermore, we showed that, combined across the genome, all common SNPs explained 13-20% (P<0.001) of the liability of lifetime cannabis use. Finally, there was a strong genetic correlation (rg=0.83; P=1.85 × 10(-8)) between lifetime cannabis use and lifetime cigarette smoking implying that the SNP effect sizes of the two traits are highly correlated. This is the largest meta-analysis of cannabis GWA studies to date, revealing important new insights into the genetic pathways of lifetime cannabis use. Future functional studies should explore the impact of the identified genes on the biological mechanisms of cannabis use