Observations On The Succession Patterns Of Necrophagous Insects On A Pig Carcass In An Urban Area Of Southeastern Brazil

Carcasses of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa L.) were exposed in an urban area in the vicinity of Campinas SP, Brazil, to determine stages of decomposition and insects of forensic significance exploiting the carcasses. Four species of Calliphoridae (Diptera) were collected and considered to be of potential forensic significance for urban situations in the regions: Chrysomya albiceps, Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria, and Lucilia eximia. Unlike many other studies, Sarcophagidae were relatively late arrivals at the carcass with actvity beginning on day 5, while Muscidae species arrived early. Ant activity, which began on day 1 of the study, was observed to retard the rate of biomass removal. © 2004 The Authors, The Guest Editor & Aggrawal's Internet Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved.513339Catts, E.P., Goff, M.L., Forensic entomology in criminal investigations (1992) Ann. Rev. Entomol., 37, pp. 253-272Smith, K.G.V., (1986) A Manual of Forensic Entomology, p. 205. , Cornell Univ Press, Ithaca, NYKeh, B., Scope and applications of forensic entomology (1985) Ann. Rev. Entomol., 30, pp. 137-154Nuorteva, P., Sarcosaprophagous insects as forensic indicators (1997) Forensic Medicine: A Study in Trauma and Environmental Hazards, 2, pp. 1072-1095. , C.G. Tedeshi, W.G. Eckert, L.G. Tedeshi (Eds), LondonOliva, A., Ravioli, J., Trezza, F., Navarri, C., Entomologia forensic (1995) Pren Méd Argent, 82, pp. 229-234Catts, E.P., Haskell, N.H., (1990) Entomology & Death: A Procedural Guide, p. 182. , Joyce's Print Shop, USAGoff, M.L., Lord, W.D., Entomotoxicology: A new area for forensic investigation (1994) Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol., 15, pp. 51-57Marchenko, M.I., Medicolegal relevance of cadaver entomofauna for the determination of the time of death (2001) Forensic Sci. Internat., 120, pp. 89-100Erzinçlioglu, Y.Z., The application of entomology to forensic medicine (1983) Med. Sci. Law, 12, pp. 57-63Souza, A.M., Linhares, A.X., Diptera and Coleopta of potential forensic importance in southeastern Brazil: Relative abundance and seasonality (1997) Med. Vet. Entamol., 11, pp. 8-12Carvalho, L.M.L., Linhares, A.X., Seasonality of insect succession and pig carcass decomposition in a natural forest area in Southeastern Brazil (2001) J. Forensic Sci., 46, pp. 604-608Anderson, G.A., VanLaerhoven, S.L., Initials studies on insect succession on carrion in Southwestern British Columbia (1996) J. Forensic Sci., 41, pp. 617-625Early, M., Giff, M.L., Arthropod succession patterns in exposed carrion on the Island of Oahu, hawaiian Island, USA (1986) J. Med. Entomol., 23, pp. 520-531Goff, M.L., Estimation of postmoertem interval using arthopod development and successional patterns (1993) Forensic Sci. Rev., 5, pp. 81-94Richards, E.N., Goff, M.L., Arthropod succession on exposed carrion in three contrasting tropical habitats on Hawaii Island, Hawaii (1997) J. Med. Entomol., 34, pp. 328-339Payne, J.A., A summer carrion study of the baby pig Sus scrofa Linnaeus (1965) Ecology, 46, pp. 592-602Stoker, R.L., Grant, W.E., Vinson, S.B., Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) effect on invertebrate decomposers of carrion in Central Texas (1995) Environ. Entomol., 24, pp. 817-822Houston, D.C., Effect of ant predation on carrion insect communities in a brazilian forest (1987) Biotropica, 119, p. 37

Efeito da aplicação de maravilha (Mirabilis jalapa L.), primavera (Bougainvillea spectabilis L.) e isolados de Trichoderma na produção de alface Effect of four o'clock flowers (Mirabilis jalapa L.), bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilis L.) and Trichoderma spp. isolates in production of lettuce

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito de extratos foliares de primavera (Bougainvillea spetabilis L.) e maravilha (Mirabilis jalapa L.) e de Trichoderma spp., isoladamente ou em combinação, no manejo de viroses e na produção de alface. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em área de produção de hortaliças folhosas no município de Pinhalzinho/SP. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com dez tratamentos comparados com controle químico convencional. Foram observadas reduções de 18% e 32% na população de bactérias da rizosfera nas plantas de alface tratadas com o isolado IB18/22 e extrato de primavera + isolados de Trichoderma spp., respectivamente. Verificou-se que o extrato de maravilha estimulou o aumento do número de UFC/g da população de fungos. Entretanto, não houve diferença significativa na massa fresca da parte aérea e, apesar da pressão de inóculo e da alta densidade populacional de insetos vetores de vírus no local, não foi constatada a ocorrência de viroses, com exceção do espessamento de nervuras, que ocorreu em menor número em plantas tratadas, comparadas as do controle. Economicamente, houve 27,8% de lucratividade e margem bruta de 38,5%, indicando a viabilidade do uso de ferramentas de base ecológica no cultivo de alface. Além disso, os produtos usados são de fácil aquisição, seguros em termos de aplicação, meio ambiente e para o consumidor.<br>The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of leaf extracts of bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spetabilis L.) and of four o'clock flowers (Mirabilis jalapa L.) plants and Trichoderma spp., alone or in combination, on viruses management and lettuce production. The tests were conducted in a producing area in Pinhalzinho-SP. The experimental design was randomized blocks with ten treatments in comparison with conventional chemical control. Reductions of 18% and 32% in the bacterial population of the lettuce rhizosphere treated with IB18/22 isolate and bougainvillea extract + Trichoderma spp. isolates, respectivelly, were observed. Four o'clock plant leaf extract stimulated growth of CFU / g number of fungi population. However, no significant change in fresh mass and size of lettuce was observed, and despite the inoculum pressure and high population density of virus vector insects in place, the occurrence of viruses was not found, except for big-vein syndrome which was higher in control than in treated plants. Economically, 27.8% net profit and 38.5% gross profit margin were verified, indicating that the use of ecological tools in lettuce crops is feasible. Moreover, the products are easy to obtain, safe to apply and safe for environment and human consumption

Miíase primária em coelho doméstico causada por Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae) no Brasil: relato de caso Primary myiasis in a domestic rabbit caused by Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Brazil: case report

Relata-se a ocorrência de miíase primária em coelho doméstico Oryctolagus cuniculus (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) causada por Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae) em área urbana do município de Campinas, São Paulo.<br>The occurrence of primary myiasis in a domestic rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) caused by Lucilia eximia (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is reported in an urban area in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil