Erosividade e características da chuva correlacionadas com perdas de solo em Alagoinha - PB Erosivity, rain characteristics and soil losses at Alagoinha, state of Paraíba, Brazil

Visando estabelecer o parâmetro da chuva quemelhor expresse a sua capacidade potencial de causar erosão, foram estudadas, para o período de 1981 a 1989, correlações lineares simples entre 13 características da chuva e as perdas de solo provocadas por erosão h��drica em solo classificado como Terra Roxa Estruturada localizada na Estação Experimental de Alagoinha, Paraíba, pertencente a Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba. As características da chuva testadas como estimadores da erosividade foram: quantidade de chuva;energia cinética total; segmentos de chuva com energia cinética igual ou superior a 25 mm/h; intensidades máximas de chuva em 5, 10, 15, 30 e 60 minutos; produto da energia cinética total pelas intensidades máximas em 5, 10, 15, 30 e 60 minutos. As correlações obtidas indicam que a característica da chuva produto da energia cinética total pela intensidade máxima em 15 minutos é a que melhor se correlaciona com as perdas de solo na região em estudo; entretanto, não houve diferença significativa entre as características produto da energia cinética total pela intensidade máxima em 15 minutos e produto da energia cinética total pela intensidade máxima em 30 minutos. O valor médio anual para a precipitação em Alagoinha - PB no período de 1981 a 1989 foi de 3423 MJ.mm/ha.h.<br>The objective of this study was to establish a rain parameter that can be used to express the potential capability of the rain to cause soil erosion. Datafrom 1981 to 1989 were used in simple linear corre letions among 13 rain characteristics and soil tosses using individual erosive rains in an Alfisol soil of Alagoinha Experimental Station of "Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária", State of Paraíba, Brazil. The rain characteristics tested were: total precipitation; total kinetic energy; kinetic energy higher than 25 milimeters ; rain intensity at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes; product between kinetic energy and rain intensity at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes. The corre lations obtained among rain characteristics and soil tosses, indicated that the rain characteristic energy-intensity in 15 minutes is better correlated to soil losses. However, there was no difference between energy-intensity in 15 minutes and energy-intensity in 30 minutes characteristics. The médium year value of the erosivity (EI30) obtained for Alagoinha during the studied period was 3.423 MJ.mm/ha, h

Root growth of tomato seedlings intensified by humic substances from peat bogs

Peats are an important reserve of humified carbon in terrestrial ecosystems. The interest in the use of humic substances as plant growth promoters is continuously increasing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity of alkaline soluble humic substances (HS), humic (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) isolated from peats with different decomposition stages of organic matter (sapric, fibric and hemic) in the Serra do Espinhaço Meridional, state of Minas Gerais. Dose-response curves were established for the number of lateral roots growing from the main plant axis of tomato seedlings. The bioactivity of HA was greatest (highest response in lateral roots at lowest concentration) while FA did not intensify root growth. Both HS and HA stimulated root hair formation. At low concentrations, HS and HA induced root hair formation near the root cap, a typical hormonal imbalance effect in plants. Transgenic tomato with reporter gene DR5::GUS allowed the observation that the auxin-related signalling pathway was involved in root growth promotion by HA