9,012 research outputs found
On Higher Derivatives as Constraints in Field Theory: a Geometric Perspective
We formalize geometrically the idea that the (de Donder) Hamiltonian
formulation of a higher derivative Lagrangian field theory can be constructed
understanding the latter as a first derivative theory subjected to constraints.Comment: 7 page
The spin glass transition of the three dimensional Heisenberg spin glass
It is shown, by means of Monte Carlo simulation and Finite Size Scaling
analysis, that the Heisenberg spin glass undergoes a finite-temperature phase
transition in three dimensions. There is a single critical temperature, at
which both a spin glass and a chiral glass orderings develop. The Monte Carlo
algorithm, adapted from lattice gauge theory simulations, makes possible to
thermalize lattices of size L=32, larger than in any previous spin glass
simulation in three dimensions. High accuracy is reached thanks to the use of
the Marenostrum supercomputer. The large range of system sizes studied allow us
to consider scaling corrections.Comment: 4 pages, 4 Postscript figures, version to be published in Physical
Review Letter
New properties of scalar field dynamics in brane isotropic cosmological models
Several aspects of scalar field dynamics on a brane which differs from
corresponding regimes in the standard cosmology are investigated. We consider
asymptotic solution near a singularity, condition for inflation and bounces and
some detail of chaotic behavior in the brane model. Each results are compared
with those known in the standard cosmology.Comment: 13 pages with 2 eps figures, submitted to Astronomy Letter
Reduction of quantum noise in optical interferometers using squeezed light
We study the photon counting noise in optical interferometers used for
gravitational wave detection. In order to reduce quantum noise a squeezed
vacuum state is injected into the usually unused input port. Here, we
specifically investigate the so called `dark port case', when the beam splitter
is oriented close to 90{\deg} to the incoming laser beam, such that nearly all
photons go to one output port of the interferometer, and only a small fraction
of photons is seen in the other port (`dark port'). For this case it had been
suggested that signal amplification is possible without concurrent noise
amplification [R.Barak and Y.Ben-Aryeh, J.Opt.Soc.Am.B25(361)2008]. We show
that by injection of a squeezed vacuum state into the second input port,
counting noise is reduced for large values of the squeezing factor, however the
signal is not amplified. Signal strength only depends on the intensity of the
laser beam.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Topological insulator particles as optically induced oscillators: towards dynamical force measurements and optical rheology
We report the first experimental study upon the optical trapping and
manipulation of topological insulator (TI) particles. By virtue of the unique
TI properties, which have a conducting surface and an insulating bulk, the
particles present a peculiar behaviour in the presence of a single laser beam
optical tweezers: they oscillate in a plane perpendicular to the direction of
the laser propagation, as a result of the competition between radiation
pressure and gradient forces. In other words, TI particles behave as optically
induced oscillators, allowing dynamical measurements with unprecedented
simplicity and purely optical control. Actually, optical rheology of soft
matter interfaces and biological membranes, as well as dynamical force
measurements in macromolecules and biopolymers, may be quoted as feasible
possibilities for the near future.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Correspondence and requests for Supplementary
Material should be addressed to [email protected]
Absorption, scattering and shadow by a noncommutative black hole with global monopole
In this paper, we investigate the process of massless scalar wave scattering
due to a noncommutative black hole with a global monopole through the partial
wave method. We computed the cross section of differential scattering and
absorption at the low frequency limit. We also calculated, at the high
frequency limit, the absorption and the shadow radius by the null geodesic
method. We showed that noncommutativity causes a reduction in the differential
scattering/absorption cross section and shadow radius, while the presence of
the global monopole has the effect of increasing the value of such quantities.
In the limit of the null mass parameter, we verify that the cross section of
differential scattering, absorption and shadow ray approach to a non-zero value
proportional to a minimum mass.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figure
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