Nitrogen and carbon isotope composition of organic Fertilizers.

Synthetic (e.g. urea) and organic fertilizers (e.g. compost) differed markedly in N isotope composition and the greater the difference between organic and synthetic fertilizer the more robust will be the differentiation of crops and vegetable grown under different farming systems. The objective of this study was to compare nitrogen and carbon isotope composition of organic fertilizers and manures available for conventional and organic farming in Brazil. Seven samples of organic fertilizer, two of organo-mineral fertilizers and two of different animal manures were analyzed for nitrogen and carbon isotope composition (15N, 13C). Organic fertilizers and manure samples were enriched in 15N as expected. Using synthetic fertilizers as the primary material of organo-mineral fertilizer can imprint a low 15N value to the final product. Organic fertilizers, organo-mineral fertilizers and manures can have their organic feedstock differentiated using 13C. These are preliminary data of the isotopic composition of organic fertilizer in Brazil. Therefore, a wider survey of fertilizers and an experimental approach for organic- and organo-mineral fertilizer production is needed to elucidate the natural isotope variation of the array of available products

On the Design of Cryptographic Primitives

The main objective of this work is twofold. On the one hand, it gives a brief overview of the area of two-party cryptographic protocols. On the other hand, it proposes new schemes and guidelines for improving the practice of robust protocol design. In order to achieve such a double goal, a tour through the descriptions of the two main cryptographic primitives is carried out. Within this survey, some of the most representative algorithms based on the Theory of Finite Fields are provided and new general schemes and specific algorithms based on Graph Theory are proposed

Utilização de zeólita como medida mitigadora nas emissões de N2O em sistema de criação de frangos de corte em substituição total ou parcial da cama de maravalha.

Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T14:13:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 UtilizacaodezeolitacomomedidamitigadoranasemissoesdeN2Oemsistemade.pdf: 12359 bytes, checksum: 66a82116ab1e8694d58876828024a344 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-10201