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A Use Case Modeling Approach to Facilitate the Transition Towards Analysis Models: Concepts and Empirical Evaluation

Use case modeling, including use case diagrams and use case specifications, is commonly applied to structure and document requirements. Use case specifications are usually structured, textual documents complying with a certain use case template. However, because use case specifications remain essentially textual, ambiguity is inevitably introduced. In this paper, we propose a use case modeling approach, which is composed of a set of well-defined restriction rules and a use case template. The goal is two-fold: (1) restrict the way users can document use case specifications in order to reduce ambiguity and (2) facilitate automated analysis in order to provide tool support to derive initial analysis models, which in UML are typically composed of class diagrams, interaction diagrams, and possibly other types of diagrams and constraints. Though the proposed restriction rules and template are based on a clear rationale, two main questions need to be investigated. Do users find them too restrictive or impractical in certain situations? Second, do the rules and template have a positive, significant impact on the quality of the resulting analysis models? To investigate these questions, we performed and report on a controlled experiment, which evaluates the restriction rules and use case template in terms of whether they are easy to apply while developing use case models and whether they help obtain higher quality analysis models in terms of correctness, completeness, redundancy, and understandability. Results show that, the restriction rules are overall easy to apply and that our use case modeling approach result in significant improvements regarding the correctness of derived class diagrams and the understandability of use case specifications