Revisiting glueball wave functions at zero and finite temperature

We study the sizes and thermal properties of glueballs in a three dimensional compact Abelian gauge model on improved lattice. We predict the radii of $\sim 0.60$ and $\sim 1.12$ in the units of string tension, or $\sim 0.28$ and $\sim 0.52$ fm, for the scalar and tensor glueballs, respectively. We perform a well controlled extrapolation of the radii to the continuum limit and observe that our results agree with the predicted values. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we extract the pole-mass of the lowest scalar and tensor glueballs from the temporal correlators at finite temperature. We see a clear evidence of the deconfined phase, and the transition appears to be similar to that of the two-dimensional XY model as expected from universality arguments. Our results show no significant changes in the glueball wave functions and masses in the deconfined phase.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure

ASCA observations of the nearby galaxies Dwingeloo 1 and Maffei 1

We present ASCA observations of the nearby galaxies Dwingeloo 1 (Dw1) and Maffei 1 (Mf1). X-ray sources are clearly detected within 3 arcminutes of the optical nuclei of both galaxies. Despite the low Galactic latitude of these fields (|b|<1\degmark) we conclude, on probability and spectral grounds, that the detected sources are intrinsic to these galaxies rather than foreground or background interlopers. The Dw1 source, designated Dw1-X1, is interpreted as being either a hyper-luminous X-ray binary (with a 0.5--10\,keV luminosity of more than 10^{39}\ergps) or an X-ray bright supernova. The Mf1 emission is hard and extended, suggesting that it originates from a population of X-ray binaries. Prompted by the Dw1-X1 results, we discuss the nature of hyper-luminous X-ray binary systems. Such sources are commonly seen in nearby galaxies with a frequency of approximately one per galaxy. We present a possible connection between these luminous systems and Galactic superluminal sources.Comment: 9 pages (4 ps figures included). Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Higher quality reproductions of Figure 1 available upon reques

Renormalization of Anisotropy and Glueball Masses on Tadpole Improved Lattice Gauge Action

The Numerical calculations for tadpole-improved U(1) lattice gauge theory in three-dimensions on anisotropic lattices have been performed using standard path integral Monte Carlo techniques. Using average plaquette tadpole renormalization scheme, simulations were done with temporal lattice spacings much smaller than the spatial ones and results were obtained for the string tension, the renormalized anisotropy and scalar glueball masses. We find, by comparing the `regular' and `sideways' potentials, that tadpole improvement results in very little renormalization of the bare anisotropy and reduces the discretization errors in the static quark potential and in the glueball masses.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J.

Existence Criterion of Genuine Tripartite Entanglement

In this paper, an intuitive mathematical formulation is provided to generalize the residual entanglement for tripartite systems of qubits [Phys. Rev. A 61, 052306 (2000)] to the tripartite systems in higher dimension. The spirit lies in the tensor treatment of tripartite pure states [Phys. Rev. A 72, 022333 (2005)]. A distinct characteristic of the present generalization is that the formulation for higher dimensional systems is invariant under permutation of the subsystems, hence is employed as a criterion to test the existence of genuine tripartite entanglement. Furthermore, the formulation for pure states can be conveniently extended to the case of mixed states by utilizing the Kronecker product approximate technique. As applications, we give the analytic approximation of the criterion for weakly mixed tripartite quantum states and consider the existence of genuine tripartite entanglement of some weakly mixed states.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Separable approximation to two-body matrix elements

Two-body matrix elements of arbitrary local interactions are written as the sum of separable terms in a way that is well suited for the exchange and pairing channels present in mean-field calculations. The expansion relies on the transformation to center of mass and relative coordinate (in the spirit of Talmi's method) and therefore it is only useful (finite number of expansion terms) for harmonic oscillator single particle states. The converge of the expansion with the number of terms retained is studied for a Gaussian two body interaction. The limit of a contact (delta) force is also considered. Ways to handle the general case are also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures (for high resolution versions of some of the figures contact the author

Generalized Wick's theorem for multiquasiparticle overlaps as a limit of Gaudin's theorem

We are able to rederive in a very simple way the standard generalized Wick's theorem for overlaps of mean field wave functions by using the extension of the statistical Wick's theorem (Gaudin's theorem) in the appropriate limits.Comment: 28 page

Development and Application of a Functional Human Esophageal Mucosa Explant Platform to Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

There is an increasing prevalence of esophageal diseases but intact human tissue platforms to study esophageal function, disease mechanisms, and the interactions between cell types in situ are lacking. To address this, we utilized full thickness human donor esophagi to create and validate the ex vivo function of mucosa and smooth muscle (n = 25). Explanted tissue was tested for contractile responses to carbachol and histamine. We then treated ex vivo human esophageal mucosa with a cytokine cocktail to closely mimic the Th2 and inflammatory milieu of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and assessed alterations in smooth muscle and extracellular matrix function and stiffening. We found that full thickness human esophagus as well as the individual layers of circular and longitudinal muscularis propria developed tension in response to carbachol ex vivo and that mucosa demonstrated squamous cell differentiation. Treatment of mucosa with Th2 and fibrotic cytokines recapitulated the majority of the clinical Eosinophilic Esophagitis Diagnostic Profile (EDP) on fluidic transcriptional microarray. Transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGFβ1) increased gene expression of fibronectin, smooth muscle actin, and phospholamban (p &lt; 0.001). The EoE cocktail also increased stiffness and decreased mucosal compliance, akin to the functional alterations in EoE (p = 0.001). This work establishes a new, transcriptionally intact and physiologically functional human platform to model esophageal tissue responses in EoE