Non-Causal Tracking by Deblatting

Tracking by Deblatting stands for solving an inverse problem of deblurring and image matting for tracking motion-blurred objects. We propose non-causal Tracking by Deblatting which estimates continuous, complete and accurate object trajectories. Energy minimization by dynamic programming is used to detect abrupt changes of motion, called bounces. High-order polynomials are fitted to segments, which are parts of the trajectory separated by bounces. The output is a continuous trajectory function which assigns location for every real-valued time stamp from zero to the number of frames. Additionally, we show that from the trajectory function precise physical calculations are possible, such as radius, gravity or sub-frame object velocity. Velocity estimation is compared to the high-speed camera measurements and radars. Results show high performance of the proposed method in terms of Trajectory-IoU, recall and velocity estimation.Comment: Published at GCPR 2019, oral presentation, Best Paper Honorable Mention Awar

Long-Term Visual Object Tracking Benchmark

We propose a new long video dataset (called Track Long and Prosper - TLP) and benchmark for single object tracking. The dataset consists of 50 HD videos from real world scenarios, encompassing a duration of over 400 minutes (676K frames), making it more than 20 folds larger in average duration per sequence and more than 8 folds larger in terms of total covered duration, as compared to existing generic datasets for visual tracking. The proposed dataset paves a way to suitably assess long term tracking performance and train better deep learning architectures (avoiding/reducing augmentation, which may not reflect real world behaviour). We benchmark the dataset on 17 state of the art trackers and rank them according to tracking accuracy and run time speeds. We further present thorough qualitative and quantitative evaluation highlighting the importance of long term aspect of tracking. Our most interesting observations are (a) existing short sequence benchmarks fail to bring out the inherent differences in tracking algorithms which widen up while tracking on long sequences and (b) the accuracy of trackers abruptly drops on challenging long sequences, suggesting the potential need of research efforts in the direction of long-term tracking.Comment: ACCV 2018 (Oral

Online Learning for 3D LiDAR-based Human Detection: Experimental Analysis of Point Cloud Clustering and Classification Methods

This paper presents a system for online learning of human classifiers by mobile service robots using 3D~LiDAR sensors, and its experimental evaluation in a large indoor public space. The learning framework requires a minimal set of labelled samples (e.g. one or several samples) to initialise a classifier. The classifier is then retrained iteratively during operation of the robot. New training samples are generated automatically using multi-target tracking and a pair of "experts" to estimate false negatives and false positives. Both classification and tracking utilise an efficient real-time clustering algorithm for segmentation of 3D point cloud data. We also introduce a new feature to improve human classification in sparse, long-range point clouds. We provide an extensive evaluation of our the framework using a 3D LiDAR dataset of people moving in a large indoor public space, which is made available to the research community. The experiments demonstrate the influence of the system components and improved classification of humans compared to the state-of-the-art

Multifactorial Origins of Heart and Gut Defects in nipbl-Deficient Zebrafish, a Model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome

nipbl-deficient zebrafish provide evidence that heart and gut defects in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome are caused by combined effects of multiple gene expression changes that occur during early embryonic development

Novel Low Power Logic Gates using Sleepy Techniques

ABSTRACT: The subthreshold voltage is declining in successive nanometre technologies and has an associated effect of enhanced leakage current. This causes the static (leakage) power to be a vital portion of total power dissipation in a VLSI circuit. Two novel circuit techniques for leakage current reduction in logic gates are presented in this work. The proposed circuit techniques are applied to universal NAND and NOR logic gates. The performance of these low leak gates is compared with earlier CMOS circuit leakage minimization techniques applied to these gates. The novel ultra low leak technique provides maximum leakage current reduction with lower output levels. Low Power State Retention-LPSR technique provides lower leakage power and the state of the gate can also be retained in sleep mode. The proposed low leak gates are designed and simulated using cadence design tools for 90 nm CMOS process technology. The leakage power for the novel methods during sleep mode is found to be better with and without state retention as compared to earlier best known techniques. The dynamic power dissipation for the proposed techniques is least. KEYWORDS: Leakage power, sleep transistor, power gating, total average power, state retention. I.INTRODUCTION For successive technology generations the transistor feature sizes are becoming smaller and the channel length is reducing. The threshold voltage and gate oxide thickness are also being scaled down [1] to maintain performance. The subthreshold voltage is going down to keep pace with reduced supply voltage for scaled down technologies in order to have good performance. The lower subthreshold voltage in nanometre technologies gives rise to enhanced leakage current because transistors cannot be switched off completely. Subthreshold current is the drain to source leakage current when the transistor is off. Leakage current acts as a limiting factor for further scaling down of transistors as per the International Roadmap for Semiconductor Technology (IRST) When a CMOS circuit is active, the total power dissipation is due to dynamic and static components. In the inactive (standby) mode, the CMOS circuit dissipates power due to the standby leakage current 2) In these equations I DSO is current at threshold dependent (on process and device geometry), V TO is the zero bias threshold voltage, γ -is the linearized body effect coefficient, η represents the effect of V DS on threshold voltage, n is the sub-threshold swing coefficient, V T is thermal voltage respectively. η term describes Drain Induced Barrier Lowering. Subthreshold conduction is enhanced by Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) in which positive V DS effectively reduces V T . Leakage current doubles for every 8 0 to 10 0 K rise in temperature. The subthreshold leakage current can be reduced by increasing threshold voltage V TO , increasing source to substrate potential V SB and reduction of gate to source potential V GS and reduction of drain to source potential V DS and lowering the temperature

Comparative Antiviral Efficacy of Generic Sofosbuvir versus Brand Name Sofosbuvir with Ribavirin for the Treatment of Hepatitis C

Background. Chronic hepatitis C infection is a major cause for liver failure and liver cancer and can be treated with highly effective all oral directly acting antiviral (DAA) drugs. Generic versions of these DAAs are available in India. Method. This was an open-label, single-center, prospective, nonrandomized observational study for the comparative safety and efficacy of generic versus brand name sofosbuvir with ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C infection (all genotypes). Between December 2014 and December 2015, 66 patients received either generic sofosbuvir (400mg) or brand name SOLVALDI (400mg) with weight based ribavirin for 24 weeks in a single multispecialty hospital in Mumbai. Monitoring viral loads and safety labs was performed as per national guidelines. Results. Sustained virologic response was 72.4% versus 75.7% (p=0.78) among patients treated with generics and SOVALDI, respectively. At 4 weeks on-treatment, approximately 90% of patients from both groups had undetectable or below the lower limit of quantification. Change in hemoglobin was comparable in both groups (p=0.26). Conclusion. Generic versions of sofosbuvir reported in this study are safe and efficacious to treat hepatitis C. However, bioequivalency studies of all generic DAAs need to be performed before wider use of such drugs for the treatment of hepatitis C