Social reference: Aggregating online usage of scientific literature in CiteULike for clustering academic resources

Citation-based methods have been widely studied and employed for clustering academic resources and mapping science. Although effective, these methods suffer from citation delay. In this study, we extend reference and citation analysis to a broader notion from social perspective. We coin the term "social reference" to refer to the references of literatures in social academic web environment. We propose clustering methods using social reference information from CiteULike. We experiment for journal clustering and author clustering using social reference and compare with citation-based methods. Our experiments indicate: first, social reference implies connections among literatures which are as effective as citation in clustering academic resources; second, in practical settings, social reference-based clustering methods are not as effective as citation-based ones due to the sparseness of social reference data, but they can outperform in clustering new resources that have few citation. © 2011 Authors

Effects of Australian Economic Activities on Waste Generation and Treatment

Understanding the relationships between the Australian economic system and waste generation from intermediate sectors and households is a prerequisite for planning and implementing waste management strategies at a national scale. Data of waste generation accounts link to those of national economic accounts. However, in Australia, some years’ data are absent and so these links cannot be made. To rectify this data gap, this paper interpolates and extrapolates the Australian input-output table (IOT) of 2010–2011. Waste input-output (WIO) analysis is then used to assess the effects of the Australian economy on waste generation and treatment between 2009–2010 and 2010–2011. Analysis indicated that the result of interpolation was more reasonable than that of extrapolation, and the interpolation of the Australian IOT of 2010–2011 can be applicable. This comparative analysis of the time series data in WIO model has identified that: (1) per million $AUD of output of the Construction sector generated the most amount of direct and total waste during the period; (2) the relationships between the development of Australian economy and waste generation illustrate that the Australian economy is currently a traditional linear economy; (3) the effectiveness of waste-related policies are shown by the growth of the sums of direct and total effects of intermediate sectors on the Recovery sector; and (4) the amount of waste generated by households increased sharply over the two years. The physical flows of waste footprint show details of waste generation and treatment in the Australian economic system. The information provided in this paper is beneficial to formulate tailor-made policies for waste management in Australia

Probing Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Mechanism at the LHC: A Guideline from Power Counting Analysis

We formulate the equivalence theorem as a theoretical criterion for sensitively probing the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism, and develop a precise power counting method for the chiral Lagrangian formulated electroweak theories. Armed with these, we perform a systematic analysis on the sensitivities of the scattering processes $W^\pm W^\pm \rightarrow W^\pm W^\pm$ and $q\bar{q}'\rightarrow W^\pm Z$ for testing all possible effective bosonic operators in the chiral Lagrangian formulated electroweak theories at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The analysis shows that these two kinds of processes are "complementary" in probing the electroweak symmetry breaking sector.Comment: Extended version, 11-page-Latex-file and 3 separate PS-Figs. To be Published in Mod.Phys.Lett.

Sunward-propagating Alfv\'enic fluctuations observed in the heliosphere

The mixture/interaction of anti-sunward-propagating Alfv\'enic fluctuations (AFs) and sunward-propagating Alfv\'enic fluctuations (SAFs) is believed to result in the decrease of the Alfv\'enicity of solar wind fluctuations with increasing heliocentric distance. However, SAFs are rarely observed at 1 au and solar wind AFs are found to be generally outward. Using the measurements from Voyager 2 and Wind, we perform a statistical survey of SAFs in the heliosphere inside 6 au. We first report two SAF events observed by Voyager 2. One is in the anti-sunward magnetic sector with a strong positive correlation between the fluctuations of magnetic field and solar wind velocity. The other one is in the sunward magnetic sector with a strong negative magnetic field-velocity correlation. Statistically, the percentage of SAFs increases gradually with heliocentric distance, from about 2.7% at 1.0 au to about 8.7% at 5.5 au. These results provide new clues for understanding the generation mechanism of SAFs