Radiative and Seesaw Threshold Corrections to the S3S_3 Symmetric Neutrino Mass Matrix

We systematically analyze the radiative corrections to the $S_3$ symmetric neutrino mass matrix at high energy scale, say the GUT scale, in the charged lepton basis. There are significant corrections to the neutrino parameters both in the Standard Model (SM) and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with large tan$\beta$, when the renormalization group evolution (RGE) and seesaw threshold effects are taken into consideration. We find that in the SM all three mixing angles and atmospheric mass squared difference are simultaneously obtained in their current 3$\sigma$ ranges at the electroweak scale. However, the solar mass squared difference is found to be larger than its allowed 3$\sigma$ range at the low scale in this case. There are significant contributions to neutrino masses and mixing angles in the MSSM with large tan$\beta$ from the RGEs even in the absence of seesaw threshold corrections. However, we find that the mass squared differences and the mixing angles are obtained in their current 3$\sigma$ ranges at low energy when the seesaw threshold effects are also taken into account in the MSSM with large tan$\beta$.Comment: 20 Pages, 2 Figures and 2 Table

Ecodevelopment, Gender, and Empowerment: Perspectives from India’s Protected Area Communities

Book abstract: Feminism has re-shaped the way we think about equality, power relations and social change. Recent feminist scholarship has provided new theoretical frameworks, methodologies and empirical analyses of how gender and feminism are situated within the development process.Global Perspectives on Gender and Space: Engaging Feminism and Development draws upon this framework to explore the effects of globalization on development in diverse geographical contexts. It explores how women’s and men’s lives are gendered in specific spaces as well as across multiple landscapes

Renormalization Group Evolution of Neutrino Parameters in Presence of Seesaw Threshold Effects and Majorana Phases

We examine the renormalization group evolution (RGE) for different mixing scenarios in the presence of seesaw threshold effects from high energy scale (GUT) to the low electroweak (EW) scale in the Standard Model (SM) and Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We consider four mixing scenarios namely Tri-Bimaximal Mixing, Bimaximal Mixing, Hexagonal Mixing and Golden Ratio Mixing which come from different flavor symmetries at the GUT scale. We find that the Majorana phases play an important role in the RGE running of these mixing patterns along with the seesaw threshold corrections. We present a comparative study of the RGE of all these mixing scenarios both with and without Majorana CP phases when seesaw threshold corrections are taken into consideration. We find that in the absence of these Majorana phases both the RGE running and seesaw effects may lead to $\theta_{13}<$ 5$^\circ$ at low energies both in the SM and MSSM. However, if the Majorana phases are incorporated to the mixing matrix the running can be enhanced both in the SM and MSSM. Even by incorporating non zero Majorana CP phases in the SM, we do not get $\theta_{13}$ in its present 3$\sigma$ range. The current values of the two mass squared differences and mixing angles including $\theta_{13}$ can be produced in the MSSM case with tan$\beta$ = 10 and non zero Majorana CP phases at low energy. We also calculate the order of effective Majorana mass and Jarlskog Invariant for each scenario under consideration.Comment: Discussion modified in Sec 4, references added. Version to appear in Nucl. Phys.

AN IN VITRO STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND RADICAL SCAVENGING EFFECT OF SPINACIA OLERACEA LEAF EXTRACT

Objective: The study was carried out to evaluate the preliminary phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Spinacia oleracea (SO).Methods: The leaves of SO were shade dried, and the extract was prepared using solvent ethanol by Soxhlet extraction method. The preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out on the leaf extract of the plant. The total phenolic content and total flavonoids were estimated using Folin- Ciocalteu's and aluminum chloride reagents, respectively. Antioxidant activities were studied using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydrogen radical, lipid peroxidation, and phosphomolybdenum radical scavenging assays.Results: The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of bioactive constituents such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and glycosides. As SO is a rich source of different bioactive component, it contains a considerable amount of flavonoids and phenols. The different antioxidant assays proved that spinach is one of the best antioxidants with its ability to scavenge different radicals that generate oxidative stress.Conclusion: The observed activity may be associated with bioactive components such as phenols and flavonoids present in the leaf extracts and could have greater importance as nootropic plant in oxidative stress-related degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and dementia

Implication of a vanishing element in 3+1 Scenario

In this paper we study the phenomenological implications of the one zero textures of low energy neutrino mass matrices in presence of a sterile neutrino. We consider the 3+1 scheme and use the results from global fit for short baseline neutrino oscillation data which provides the bounds on the three additional mixing angles. We find that the mass matrix elements $m_{\alpha \beta}$ ($\alpha, \beta = e, \mu, \tau$) involving only the active states can assume vanishing values in the allowed parameter space for all the mass spectrum. Among the mass matrix elements connecting the active and sterile states, $m_{es}$ and $m_{\mu s}$ can become small only for the quasi-degenerate neutrinos. The element $m_{\tau s}$ on the other hand can vanish even for lower values of masses since the 3-4 mixing angle only has an upper bound from current data. The mass matrix element ($m_{ss}$) involving only the sterile state stays $\sim$ $\mathcal{O}$(1) eV in the whole parameter region. We study the possible correlations between the sterile mixing angles and the Majorana phases to give a zero element in the mass matrix.Comment: 35 pages, 14 figures, version accepted in Physical Review

CP-odd Weak Basis Invariants for Neutrino Mass Matrices with a Texture Zero and a Vanishing Minor

We construct the $CP$-odd weak basis invariants in the flavor basis for all the phenomenologically viable neutrino mass matrices with a texture zero and a vanishing minor and, also, find the necessary and sufficient conditions for $CP$ invariance . We examine the interrelationships between different $CP$-odd weak basis invariants for these texture structures and investigate their implications for Dirac- and Majorana-type $CP$ violation.Comment: To appear in Journal of Physics