58,540 research outputs found
An Economic Analysis of Fluid Milk Processing in Alaska
Alaskan fluid milk is processed for market by a two-firm industry.
In Delta Junction, the Northern Lights Dairy obtains milk from two
producers and services an Interior market from Delta to Fairbanks. In
Anchorage , Matanuska Maid (M-M) obtains milk from II producers
and markets its products largely in southcentral Alaska and , to a less
extent, in Fairbanks. Direct competition between the two is minimal.
The principal source of competition is preprocessed fluid milk shipped
in from Puget Sound
Child Abuse Reporting: Rethinking Child Protection
The general public has been bewildered by the magnitude of sex abuse cases and the widespread failure by pillars of the community to notify appropriate authorities. The crime of sexually abusing children is punishable in all jurisdictions and this article examines the duty to report suspected cases by individuals in positions of trust over young people, such as in the church or university sports. The Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) defines child maltreatment as an act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caregiver that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation, and establishes minimum federal standards. Each state has its own definitions of maltreatment and every state identifies persons who are required to report child abuse. As such, state law is highly variable in defining who has a mandatory duty to report, and clergy and other individuals in close supervision of children (e.g., athletic coaches, scout leaders, volunteers in religious programs, and university officials) may necessarily hold such duty.
The article outlines why there are strong moral reasons the law should require all adults in close supervision of children to report any individual who they have good reason to believe has abused a child and moreover outlines how to ensure prompt reporting of abuse, while still ensuring that respected individuals are not falsely accused
Extended Red Emission and the evolution of carbonaceaous nanograins in NGC 7023
Extended Red Emission (ERE) was recently attributed to the photo-luminescence
of either doubly ionized Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), or
charged PAH dimers. We analysed the visible and mid-infrared (mid-IR) dust
emission in the North-West and South photo-dissociation regions of the
reflection nebula NGC 7023.Using a blind signal separation method, we extracted
the map of ERE from images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, and at the
Canada France Hawaii Telescope. We compared the extracted ERE image to the
distribution maps of the mid-IR emission of Very Small Grains (VSGs), neutral
and ionized PAHs (PAH and PAH) obtained with the Spitzer Space
Telescope and the Infrared Space Observatory. ERE is dominant in transition
regions where VSGs are being photo-evaporated to form free PAH molecules, and
is not observed in regions dominated by PAH. Its carrier makes a minor
contribution to the mid-IR emission spectrum. These results suggest that the
ERE carrier is a transition species formed during the destruction of VSGs.
Singly ionized PAH dimers appear as good candidates but PAH molecules
seem to be excluded.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
On three-dimensional reconstruction of optically thin solar emission sources
Calculations are given for constructing the three dimensional distribution of optically thin EUV emission sources associated with solar active regions, from two dimensional observations (projections) recorded by the spectroheliograph on the OSO 7 satellite. The relation of the method to other image reconstruction methods is briefly discussed as well as the special requirements imposed in the solar case such as a knowledge of the true solar rotation function. A useful correlation criterion for establishing the physical validity of solutions is given
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