Possible Alpha and 14C Cluster Emission From Hyper Radium Nuclei in The Mass Region A = 202-235

The possibilities for the emission of 4He and 14C clusters from hyper 202-235ΛRa are studied using our Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM) by including the lambda-nucleus potential. The predicted half lives show that hyper 202-231ΛRa nuclei are unstable against 4He emission and 14Cemission from 217- 229ΛRa are favorable for measurement. Our study also show that hyper Λ202235-Ra are stable against hyper Λ4He and Λ14C emission. The role of neutron shell closure (N = 126) in 213 ΛRn daughter and role of proton and neutron shell closure (Z = 82, N = 126) in Λ209Pb daughter are also revealed. As hyper nuclei decays to normal nuclei by mesonic/non-mesonic decay and since most of the predicted half lives for 4He and 14C emission from normal Ra nuclei are favorable for measurement, we presume that alpha and 14C cluster emission from hyper Ra nuclei can be detected in laboratory in a cascade (two-step) process

Prospective study of fetomaternal outcome in eclampsia in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Objective of the study was to evaluate fetomaternal outcome in patients with eclampsia.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Government Thanjavur Medical College Hospital, Tamilnadu, India over a period of 15 months from January 2015 to March 2016 in all eclampsia cases. Total 146 eclampsia cases were admitted of which 113 were antepartum eclampsia, 4 were intrapartum eclampsia and 29 cases were postpartum eclampsia. In all cases of antepartum eclampsia pregnancy was terminated irrespective of gestational age.Results: This study showed that incidence of eclampsia in our hospital is 0.83%. It is more common in the age group of 20 to 25 years (78.8%) and primigravidae (69.2%). Maximum number of cases had seizures before the onset of labour (77.39%). 53.85% eclamptic cases presented with seizures at ≥37 completed weeks. Commonest mode of delivery was caesarean section (62.33%). Out of 146 patients, 9 (6.16%) cases died, 35 (23.97%) had complications. 75.64% cases delivered live babies but 26.36% had early neonatal death.Conclusions: Eclampsia is still one of the important and common obstetric emergencies, which has a significant role in maternal and perinatal outcome. Regular Antenatal Care (ANC), proper health education, improvements of socio-economic conditions and spreading of awareness in the community has major roles in prevention of eclampsia. Timely and appropriate intervention including primary management, early referral and judicious termination of pregnancy help in reducing morbidity and mortality of both mother and fetus

Field dissipation of pendimethalin and alachlor in sandy clay loam soil and its terminal residues in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)

Field experiments were conducted with sunflower as a test crop during 2010-11 to study the dissipation kinetics and the persistence of pendimethalin and alachlor in sandy clay loam soil and its terminal residues in sunflower. Herbicides were applied at recommended and double the recommended dose along with control and the treatments were replicated thrice in randomized block design. The soil and plant samples collected at periodical intervals for herbicides residue determination using GC equipped with ECD detector. Results shows that the degradation of both the herbicides in soil was faster at higher dose of application than at the lower dose and the concentration decreased with the advancement in crop growth. While pendimethalin persisted in soil for 60 – 90 days, the alachlor persisted in soil for 30 - 45 days depending on the quantity of application. Degradation of both the herbicides in soil followed first order kinetics with the mean half life of 14.6 and 9.8 days respectively for pendimethalin and alachlor. Residues of these herbicides were below 0.001 mg/kg at the time of harvest in soil, sunflower seeds and stalks showed that these herbicides a can be safely used for the control of weeds in sunflower cultivation

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT SUBSTITUTED BENZILIC ACID USING 2,2-DIPHENYL-1-PICRYL HYDRAZYL RADICAL, ABTS ASSAY METHOD

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant activity of different substituted benzilic acid using DPPH assay and ABTS methods.Methods: Compounds were synthesized based on benzil-benzilic acid rearrangement. The synthesized compound was confirmed by 1HNMR, Infrared,Mass, TGA, and UV analysis. Antioxidant activity of the compound was measured by radical scavenging assay method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)and ABTS method.Results: All synthesized compounds show moderate to extent antioxidant activity. The results for the antioxidant activity showed that the highestpercentage of scavenger radicals was present in the 2'-chloro-4-methoxy-3-nitro benzilic acid.Conclusion: The result showed that better activity in 2'-chloro-4-methoxy-3-nitro benzilic acid due to the presence of electro withdrawing andelectro donating group than others. Thus, it could be served as potent antioxidant. All compounds were tested for their effect on the viability of cellsand results demonstrated that they are not toxic towards the cell lines used.Keywords: Synthesis, Antioxidant activity, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl assay, ABTS assay

CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRIC STUDIES FOR DIFFERENT SUBSTITUTED BENZILS

ABSTRACTThe electroreduction of different substituted benzils was synthesized and studied in alcoholic and alkaline medium by cyclic voltammetry. In alkalinesolutions, the reduction occurs in two reversible one-electron steps producing the anion radical and the dianion. In the presence of alcohol, thefirst reduction is unaffected and the second reduction wave becomes irreversible and is shifted toward positive potentials, following qualitativelythe criteria for a rapid reaction of the dianion with the proton donor. The protonation can occur through the radical anion since it is not possible toobserve the first step of the reaction to the radical anion.Keywords: Cyclic voltammetric studies, Synthesized benzils, Electroanalysis

Influence of surface metallic silver deposit and surface fluorination on the photocatalytic activity of rutile TiO2 for the degradation of crystal violet a cationic dye under UV light irradiation

Silver metallization and fluorination on the surface of rutile TiO2 (SRT and FRT) was carried out by photochemical reduction and wet impregnation methods respectively. TiO2, SRT and FRT were characterized by various analytical techniques like PXRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR, PL, UV�vis absorbance and XPS. The photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet (CV) was carried out at three different pH conditions. Acidic pH was found to be more favorable for the degradation, in spite of low adsorption of cationic CV molecules on the catalyst surface. The electrostatic repulsion at this pH drives the CV molecules into the bulk of the solution suggesting the involvement of bulk hydroxyl radicals rather than surface adsorbed hydroxyl radicals. The degradation efficiency can be represented by the following order SRT > FRT > TiO2. The Ti-peroxo (Ti-OO-Ti) complex species formed in presence of H2O2 by the combination of two trapped holes (Ti�Orad) in aqueous medium is predicted to enhance the rate of generation of hydroxyl radicals. The exciton mobility is dependent on the polaron effective mass which is higher for rutile TiO2 accounting for its lower activity. The bulk charge carrier transport which is less in bare rutile TiO2 is enhanced in the surface modified TiO2. Effective trapping of photogenerated excitons/electrons by F-/Ag0 can facilitate their migration and increase the activity by tenfolds. The rate of degradation of CV followed two reaction pathways, slower N-demethylation in basic conditions and rapid aromatic cleavage at the central carbon atom in the acidic pH conditions. © 201

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF METRONIDAZOLE TABLETED MICROSPHERES FOR COLON DRUG DELIVERY

Objective: The need of this study was to develop tableted microspheres that can be targeted to colon because metronidazole (MNZ) has good solubilityat pH 1.2; hence, coating of the drug with the suitable pH dependent is done to prevent its release in the gastric region.Methods: Colon targeted tablets of MNZ were prepared with enteric coated microspheres using pH dependent polymers such as cellulose acetatephthalate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate, and Eudragit S 100 by solvent evaporation method. All the formulations were prepared bychanging drug-polymer ratio from 1:1 to 1:5 and the interactions of the drug with polymers were studied by Fourier transform infrared and thermalanalysis.Results: Formulations F5, F8, and F were found to best optimized in percentage yield, drug entrapment efficiency, mean particle size and in vitrodrug release. The result obtained were found in the desired ranges where % yield ranging from 52.56% to 98.253%, drug entrapment efficiency from42.17% to 99.017%, and mean particle size from 36.774 to 229.961 µm. Then, tablet of optimized formulations was prepared by direct compressionmethod and in vitro drug release was performed. All the parameters of tablets were found acceptable as per IP guideline. Around 4-10% drug releasewas in 0.1 N HCl after 2 hrs, 50% release at pH 7.4 phosphate buffer within 5 hrs, maximum retardation was found in the formulation of Eudragit S100. Scanning electron microscopy permitted a surface topographical analysis.14Conclusion: The MNZ tableted microspheres showed their release at pH 7.4 thus this experimental work can be used to improve absorption of drugin colon for successful treatment of the disease.Keywords: Metronidazole, Tableted microspheres, Solvent evaporation method, Direct compression method