Decision making and risk management in adventure sports coaching

Adventure sport coaches practice in environments that are dynamic and high in risk, both perceived and actual. The inherent risks associated with these activities, individuals’ responses and the optimal exploitation of both combine to make the processes of risk management more complex and hazardous than the traditional sports where risk management is focused almost exclusively on minimization. Pivotal to this process is the adventure sports coaches’ ability to make effective judgments regarding levels of risk, potential benefits and possible consequences. The exact nature of this decision making process should form the basis of coaching practice and coach education in this complex and dynamic field. This positional paper examines decision making by the adventure sports coach in these complex, challenging environments and seeks to stimulate debate whilst offering a basis for future research into this topic

The Extensive Sexual Violation and Sexual Abuse Histories of Incarcerated Women

The findings found an unexpectedly high level of sexual victimizations, and the need for detailed and comprehensive measures to more fully report on the extent and rates of sexual victimizations and violations. Seventy percent of the incarcerated women reported sexual abuses that in most States would qualify as rape or the most serious sexual assault. Also, the women who reported sexual violations and abuse typically reported multiple sexual abuses and often multiple sexual abusers. A growing body of research reports on the lifetime prevalence of sexual victimization experiences among incarcerated women. However, none provides a detailed account of the many types and levels of sexual violations and sexual abuses, the age of occurrence, and the victim-offender relationship. This study used the SAC and a modified version of the SES to obtain a detailed account of 391 incarcerated women’s self-reported sexual violation and abuse histories. Tables, appendixes A and B, notes, and references

Estimating a socially optimal water price for irrigation versus an environmentally optimal water price through the use of Geographical Information Systems and Social Accounting Matrices

Externalities, Input–Output models, GIS, Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), Water price,