Impact du renforcement du couscous par des légumineuses alimentaires sur le profil biochimique et microbiologique

Combining pulses and cereals allows our body to have all the essential amino acids (in lysines and methionines) and helps strengthen the fiber content through various minerals and vitamins of group B. This combination allows obtaining a protein assimilation rate higher by 30 to 50% than consuming it separately. The aim of this study is to compare the quality of a pulse-enriched couscous (bean, chickpea and lentil) to 30% and 50% with a couscous made from 100% wheat. The comparison was based on physical tests (moisture, water activity, swelling index and color index), biochemical tests (dietary fiber, protein levels, ashes, fat and carbohydrates) and microbiological tests (total germs, yeasts and molds). The results obtained showed that pulses couscous is more interesting from a conservation point of view (Aw = 0.52) compared to the one based on 100% wheat (Aw = 0.62). The nutritional quality of pulses-based couscous (ash content, protein and dietary fiber) is more appreciable than that of durum couscous. The more couscous is rich in pulses the more its nutritional profile is important (less fat and carbohydrates). Only couscous reinforced with chickpea is less rich in protein (10.21g/100g MS) than that based on wheat (12.10g/100g MS). On a microbiological level, we also noticed that the more reinforced couscous is in pulses the more its microbial load goes down either for the total germs or for the yeasts and molds.L’association des légumineuses et des céréales, dans des préparations alimentaires, permet d’une part à notre organisme de disposer de l’ensemble des acides aminés essentiels (en lysines et méthionines) ; et d’autre part, permet aussi de renforcer la teneur en fibres, en divers minéraux et vitamines du groupe B. Cette association permet d’obtenir un taux d’assimilation en protéines de 30 à 50% plus important que si elles étaient consommées séparément. L’objectif de cette étude est de comparer la qualité d’un couscous renforcé en légumineuses (fève, pois-chiche et lentille) à 30% et 50% avec un couscous à base du blé uniquement. Cette comparaison a été basée sur des tests physiques (humidité, activité de l’eau, indice de gonflement et indice de couleur), des tests biochimiques (fibres alimentaires, taux de protéines, cendres, matière grasse et glucides) et des tests microbiologiques (germes totaux, levures et moisissures). Les résultats obtenus ont montré que le couscous à base de légumineuses présente une activité d’eau (aw=0,52) nettement plus faible comparativement au couscous à base du blé uniquement (aw=0,62) ; ce qui témoigne d’une bonne aptitude à la conservation pour le couscous fortifié. La qualité nutritionnelle du couscous à base de légumineuses (taux des cendres, protéines et fibres alimentaires) est plus appréciable que celle du couscous à base de blé dur. Plus que le couscous est riche en légumineuses plus sa richesse nutritionnelle est importante (moins de matières grasses et de glucides). Néanmoins, le couscous renforcé en pois-chiche est moins riche en protéines (10,21g/100g MS) que celui à base de blé (12,10g/100g MS). Sur le plan microbiologique, il a été constaté aussi que la charge microbienne (en germes totaux, levures et moisissures) diminue avec le taux de fortification du couscous renforcé en légumineuses alimentaires

Etude épidémiologique de la rhinopneumonie chez les équidés au Maroc

Lors d'une enquête sérologique sur la rhinopneumonie équine au Maroc, 4 775 prélèvements (59,6 % de chevaux, 18 % de mulets et 22,4 % d'ânes) ont été réalisés durant cinq ans (de 1990 à 1994) dans les différentes régions du pays. La séroprévalence globale de l'infection était de 39 %. Les ânes (46 %) étaient plus affectés que les mulets (42 %) et les chevaux (35 %). En outre, chez les trois espèces, la séroprévalence a augmenté avec l'âge jusqu'à trois ans pour atteindre la valeur de 42 % et elle s'est stabilisée pour les animaux plus âgés. Il n'est pas certain que le sexe et la région géographique où vivaient les animaux les prédisposaient à la maladie. Par contre, leurs conditions d'entretien ont constitué un facteur prédisposant à l'infection. Après une stabilisation pendant les quatre premières années, l'incidence de l'infection s'est subitement accrue en 1994 à cause de la sécheresse qui a sévi cette année-là

Encephalomyocarditis virus infection in an Italian zoo

A fatal Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infection epidemic involving fifteen primates occurred between October 2006 and February 2007 at the Natura Viva Zoo. This large open-field zoo park located near Lake Garda in Northern Italy hosts one thousand animals belonging to one hundred and fifty different species, including various lemur species. This lemur collection is the most relevant and rich in Italy. A second outbreak between September and November 2008 involved three lemurs. In all cases, the clinical signs were sudden deaths generally without any evident symptoms or only with mild unspecific clinical signs. Gross pathologic changes were characterized by myocarditis (diffuse or focal pallor of the myocardium), pulmonary congestion, emphysema, oedema and thoracic fluid. The EMCV was isolated and recognized as the causative agent of both outbreaks. The first outbreak in particular was associated with a rodent plague, confirming that rats are an important risk factor for the occurrence of the EMCV infection

Classic Kaposi's sarcoma in morocco: clinico -epidemiological study at the national institute of oncology

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS) is a rare disease likely associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) infection, and occurs predominantly in Jewish, Mediterranean and middle eastern men .There is a dearth of data in Moroccan patients with CKS regarding epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes. This report examines a cohort of patients with CKS evaluated at the national institute of oncology over 11-year period.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A retrospective analysis of patients referred to the national institute of oncology with classical Kaposi sarcoma, between January 1998 and February 2008, was performed. Reviewed information included demographics, clinical and pathological staging, death or last follow-up.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>During the study period, 56 patients with a diagnosis of CKS have been referred to our hospital. There were 11(19,7%) females and 45 (80,3%) males (male-to-female ratio: 4:1). Mean age at diagnosis was 61,7 ± 15 (range: 15- 86 years). Nodules and/or plaques were the most frequent type of lesion. The most common location was the lower limbs, particularly the distal lower extremity (90%). In addition to skin involvement, visceral spread was evident in 9 cases. The most common visceral involvement sites were lymph nodes (44%), lung (22%), and gastrointestinal tract (22%). Associated lymphoedema was seen in 24 (42%) of the patients. There were 18 stage I patients (32,14%), 8: stage II (14,28%), 21 stage III(37,5%) and 9 stage IV (16,07%). A second primary malignancy was diagnosed in 6 cases (10,7%), none of the reticuloendothelial system.</p> <p>With a median follow-up of 45 months, 38 (67,8) patients are alive, of whom 25 (65,78%) patients with stable disease, five with progressive disease currently under systemic chemotherapy and 8(21,05%) are alive and free of disease, over a mean interval of 5 years.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is the largest reported series in our context. In Morocco, CKS exhibits some special characteristics including a disseminated skin disease at diagnosis especially in men, a more common visceral or lymph node involvement and a less frequent association with second malignancies.</p

Rovibronic corrections, temperature and electric field dependence of polarizabilities in LiH and CO

In the calculation of the dynamic polarizability including electronic correlation and ensuring gauge invariance, rovibronic corrections are evaluated by taking account of temperature and electric field dependence. Application is given for the LiH and CO molecules at zero-frequency. The correction due to electric field (on the parallel component) is the most important