Atomic Focusing by Quantum Fields: Entanglement Properties

The coherent manipulation of the atomic matter waves is of great interest both in science and technology. In order to study how an atom optic device alters the coherence of an atomic beam, we consider the quantum lens proposed by Averbukh et al [1] to show the discrete nature of the electromagnetic field. We extend the analysis of this quantum lens to the study of another essentially quantum property present in the focusing process, i.e., the atom-field entanglement, and show how the initial atomic coherence and purity are affected by the entanglement. The dynamics of this process is obtained in closed form. We calculate the beam quality factor and the trace of the square of the reduced density matrix as a function of the average photon number in order to analyze the coherence and purity of the atomic beam during the focusing process.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Sistemas de produção em policultivo de mandioca, milho e caupi para a microrregião Bragantina-Pará.

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Old and new calcimimetics for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism: Impact on biochemical and relevant clinical outcomes

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is associated with increased bone turnover, risk of fractures, vascular calcifications, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. The classical treatment for SHPT includes active vitamin D compounds and phosphate binders. However, achieving the optimal laboratory targets is often difficult because vitamin D sterols suppress parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, while also promoting calcium and phosphate intestinal absorption. Calcimimetics increase the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptor, so that even with lower levels of extracellular calcium a signal can still exist, leading to a decrease of the set-point for systemic calcium homeostasis. This enables a decrease in plasma PTH levels and, consequently, of calcium levels. Cinacalcet was the first calcimimetic to be approved for clinical use. More than 10 years since its approval, cinacalcet has been demonstrated to effectively reduce PTH and improve biochemical control of mineral and bone disorders in chronic kidney patients. Three randomized controlled trials have analysed the effects of treatment with cinacalcet on hard clinical outcomes such as vascular calcification, bone histology and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. However, a final conclusion on the effect of cinacalcet on hard outcomes remains elusive. Etelcalcetide is a new second-generation calcimimetic with a pharmacokinetic profile that allows thrice-weekly dosing at the time of haemodialysis. It was recently approved in Europe, and is regarded as a second opportunity to improve outcomes by optimizing treatment for SHPT. In this review, we summarize the impact of cinacalcet with regard to biochemical and clinical outcomes. We also discuss the possible implications of the new calcimimetic etelcalcetide in the quest to improve outcomes

Cupuaçuzeiro: nutrição, calagem e adubação.

O cupuaçuzeiro (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willdenow ex Sprengel) Schumann) é uma das mais promissoras fruteiras nativas para exploração racional na Amazônia, onde já existem diversas plantações comerciais consideráveis. É uma espécie que se destaca das demais nativas da região, em virtude das amplas possibilidades de mercado, dado a diversidade de aproveitamento na agroindústria, onde a polpa é utilizada para sorvetes, licores, compotas, néctares, sucos, geléias, biscoitos, e as amêndoas aproveitadas para produção de chocolate e de uma gordura fina semelhante à manteiga de cacau.bitstream/item/29502/1/CirTec43.pd

Nível crítico de umidade de sementes e seus efeitos sobre a emergência de plântulas de castanha-do-brasil.

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Aptidão climática das principais espécies de fruteiras tropicais cultivadas na Amazônia.

Publicado também: FRAZÃO, D. A. C.; HOMMA, A. K. O; VIÉGAS, I. de J. M. (Ed.). Contribuição ao desenvolvimento da fruticultura na Amazônia. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 739-744

Sistema de produção de juta-semente em consorcio com culturas alimentares.

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Armazenamento de sementes de juta.

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Aplicação sistemática de defensivos na produção de sementes de caupi.

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