14,650 research outputs found
Loss of purity by wave packet scattering at low energies
We study the quantum entanglement produced by a head-on collision between two
gaussian wave packets in three-dimensional space. By deriving the two-particle
wave function modified by s-wave scattering amplitudes, we obtain an
approximate analytic expression of the purity of an individual particle. The
loss of purity provides an indicator of the degree of entanglement. In the case
the wave packets are narrow in momentum space, we show that the loss of purity
is solely controlled by the ratio of the scattering cross section to the
transverse area of the wave packets.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Model for resonant photon creation in a cavity with time dependent conductivity
In an electromagnetic cavity, photons can be created from the vacuum state by
changing the cavity's properties with time. Using a simple model based on a
massless scalar field, we analyze resonant photon creation induced by the
time-dependent conductivity of a thin semiconductor film contained in the
cavity. This time dependence may be achieved by irradiating periodically the
film with short laser pulses. This setup offers several experimental advantages
over the case of moving mirrors.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.
S-wave quantum entanglement in a harmonic trap
We analyze the quantum entanglement between two interacting atoms trapped in
a spherical harmonic potential. At ultra-cold temperature, ground state
entanglement is generated by the dominated s-wave interaction. Based on a
regularized pseudo-potential Hamiltonian, we examine the quantum entanglement
by performing the Schmidt decomposition of low-energy eigenfunctions. We
indicate how the atoms are paired and quantify the entanglement as a function
of a modified s-wave scattering length inside the trap.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be apear in PR
Physical Properties of a Pilot Sample of Spectroscopic Close Pair Galaxies at z ~ 2
We use Hubble Space Telescope Wide-Field Camera 3 (HST/WFC3) rest-frame
optical imaging to select a pilot sample of star-forming galaxies in the
redshift range z = 2.00-2.65 whose multi-component morphologies are consistent
with expectations for major mergers. We follow up this sample of major merger
candidates with Keck/NIRSPEC longslit spectroscopy obtained in excellent seeing
conditions (FWHM ~ 0.5 arcsec) to obtain Halpha-based redshifts of each of the
morphological components in order to distinguish spectroscopic pairs from false
pairs created by projection along the line of sight. Of six pair candidates
observed, companions (estimated mass ratios 5:1 and 7:1) are detected for two
galaxies down to a 3sigma limiting emission-line flux of ~ 10^{-17} erg/s/cm2.
This detection rate is consistent with a ~ 50% false pair fraction at such
angular separations (1-2 arcsec), and with recent claims that the
star-formation rate (SFR) can differ by an order of magnitude between the
components in such mergers. The two spectroscopic pairs identified have total
SFR, SFR surface densities, and stellar masses consistent on average with the
overall z ~ 2 star forming galaxy population.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap
Analysis of photon-atom entanglement generated by Faraday rotation in a cavity
Faraday rotation based on AC Stark shifts is a mechanism that can entangle
the polarization variables of photons and atoms. We analyze the structure of
such entanglement by using the Schmidt decomposition method. The
time-dependence of entanglement entropy and the effective Schmidt number are
derived for Gaussian amplitudes. In particular we show how the entanglement is
controlled by the initial fluctuations of atoms and photons.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Linear spaces with a line-transitive point-imprimitive automorphism group and Fang-Li parameter gcd(k,r) at most eight
In 1991, Weidong Fang and Huiling Li proved that there are only finitely many
non-trivial linear spaces that admit a line-transitive, point-imprimitive group
action, for a given value of gcd(k,r), where k is the line size and r is the
number of lines on a point. The aim of this paper is to make that result
effective. We obtain a classification of all linear spaces with this property
having gcd(k,r) at most 8. To achieve this we collect together existing theory,
and prove additional theoretical restrictions of both a combinatorial and group
theoretic nature. These are organised into a series of algorithms that, for
gcd(k,r) up to a given maximum value, return a list of candidate parameter
values and candidate groups. We examine in detail each of the possibilities
returned by these algorithms for gcd(k,r) at most 8, and complete the
classification in this case.Comment: 47 pages Version 1 had bbl file omitted. Apologie
Production of photons by the parametric resonance in the dynamical Casimir effect
We calculate the number of photons produced by the parametric resonance in a
cavity with vibrating walls. We consider the case that the frequency of
vibrating wall is which is a generalization of other
works considering only , where is the fundamental-mode
frequency of the electromagnetic field in the cavity. For the calculation of
time-evolution of quantum fields, we introduce a new method which is borrowed
from the time-dependent perturbation theory of the usual quantum mechanics.
This perturbation method makes it possible to calculate the photon number for
any and to observe clearly the effect of the parametric resonance.Comment: 15 pages, RevTeX, no figure
Shot Noise in Anyonic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
We show how shot noise in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the
fractional quantum Hall regime probes the charge and statistics of quantum Hall
quasiparticles. The dependence of the noise on the magnetic flux through the
interferometer allows for a simple way to distinguish Abelian from non-Abelian
quasiparticle statistics. In the Abelian case, the Fano factor (in units of the
electron charge) is always lower than unity. In the non-Abelian case, the
maximal Fano factor as a function of the magnetic flux exceeds one.Comment: references adde
Quantum fluctuations in coupled dark solitons in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates
We show that the quantum fluctuations associated with the Bogoliubov
quasiparticle vacuum can be strongly concentrated inside dark solitons in a
trapped Bose Einstein condensate. We identify a finite number of anomalous
modes that are responsible for such quantum phenomena. The fluctuations in
these anomalous modes correspond to the `zero-point' oscillations in coupled
dark solitons.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
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