Seeding systems for use with a laser velocimeter in large scale wind tunnels

Three seeding systems have been used in the 4- by 7- Meter Tunnel at NASA Langley Research Center: Kerosene smoke, solid particle dry dispersing, and solid particle liquid dispersing. It is anticipated that the liquid dispersing system will be used in all future applications at this facility because: (1) it has a steady output; (2) it is easy to operate and reconfigure; and, (3) it delivers particles of near uniform size

Design and Construction of the 3.2 Mev High Voltage Column for Darht II

A 3.2 MeV injector has been designed and built for the Darht II Project at Los Alamos Lab. The installation of the complete injector system is nearing completion at this time. The requirements for the injector are to produce a 3.2 MeV, 2000 ampere electron pulse with a flattop width of at least 2-microseconds and emittance of less than 0.15 p cm-rad normalized. A large high voltage column has been built and installed. The column is vertically oriented, is 4.4 meters long, 1.2 meters in diameter, and weights 5700 kilograms. A novel method of construction has been employed which utilizes bonded mycalex insulating rings. This paper will describe the design, construction, and testing completed during construction. Mechanical aspects of the design will be emphasized.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures, Linac 200

Genetic Differentiation Among Three Species of \u3ci\u3eParadosa\u3c/i\u3e (Arachnida: Lycosidae)

Allozymic variation in nine protein producing loci was examined in three species of Pardosa using starch gel electrophoresis. Allozyme frequencies showed a high degree of geographic uniformity among conspecific populations. Estimated heterozygosities for the three species ranged from 0.05 to 0.15. Rogers\u27 coefficients of genetic similarity based on allozyme frequencies averaged over conspecific populations ranged from 0.16 to 0.37 fo rthe three species

The Interference Term between the Spin and Orbital Contributions to M1 Transitions

We study the cross-correlation between the spin and orbital parts of magnetic dipole transitions M1 in both isoscalar and isovector channels. In particular, we closely examine certain cases where $\sum B(M1)$ is very close to $\sum B(M1)_{\sigma} + \sum B(M1)_l$, implying a cancellation of the summed interference terms. We gain some insight into this problem by considering special cases approaching the SU(3) limit, and by examining the behaviour of single-particle transitions at the beginning and towards the end of the s-d shell.Comment: 9 pages of latex file and no figure

Viability of vector-tensor theories of gravity

We present a detailed study of the viability of general vector-tensor theories of gravity in the presence of an arbitrary temporal background vector field. We find that there are six different classes of theories which are indistinguishable from General Relativity by means of local gravity experiments. We study the propagation speeds of scalar, vector and tensor perturbations and obtain the conditions for classical stability of those models. We compute the energy density of the different modes and find the conditions for the absence of ghosts in the quantum theory. We conclude that the only theories which can pass all the viability conditions for arbitrary values of the background vector field are not only those of the pure Maxwell type, but also Maxwell theories supplemented with a (Lorentz type) gauge fixing term.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Final version to appear in JCA

Investigation of environmental indices from the Earth Resources Technology Satellite

The author has identified the following significant results. Land use change, water quality, and air quality indices have been calculated from analysis of ERTS-1 multispectral scanning imagery and computer compatible tapes. Specifications have been developed and discussed for an ERTS-1 environmental monitoring system which help to serve the information needs of environmental managers at the Federal, state, regional, and local level. General conclusions of the investigation are that ERTS-1 data is very useful in land use mapping and updating to 10-15 categories, and can provide an overall measure of air and water turbidity; however, more and better ground truth and possibly additional spacecraft sensors will be required if specific air and water pollutants are to be quantified from satellite data

Environmental Law for the 21st Century

In this issue, Professors Elliott and Esty expand on their original proposal and respond to critics.2 They apply their perspectives as practitioners, as well as academics, to develop their vision for environmental law in the 21st century. They establish three legal duties that should apply to entities that release potentially harmful materials into the environment. Professors Elliott and Esty contend that such entities have a duty (1) of research and disclosure to assure the public that any environmental releases are not harmful, (2) to minimize harm if they fail to demonstrate the releases are harmless, and (3) to compensate those at risk of environmental harm financially. They point out that employees have all three of these elements in the workplace, and argue that the public should be no less protected

Renal fibrosis in feline chronic kidney disease: known mediators and mechanisms of injury

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common medical condition of ageing cats. In most cases the underlying aetiology is unknown, but the most frequently reported pathological diagnosis is renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Renal fibrosis, characterised by extensive accumulation of extra-cellular matrix within the interstitium, is thought to be the final common pathway for all kidney diseases and is the pathological lesion best correlated with function in both humans and cats. As a convergent pathway, renal fibrosis provides an ideal target for the treatment of CKD and knowledge of the underlying fibrotic process is essential for the future development of novel therapies. There are many mediators and mechanisms of renal fibrosis reported in the literature, of which only a few have been investigated in the cat. This article reviews the process of renal fibrosis and discusses the most commonly cited mediators and mechanisms of progressive renal injury, with particular focus on the potential significance to feline CKD