"Aussie humour" or racism? Hey Hey It's Saturday and the denial of racism in online responses to news media articles

In early October 2009, a blackface parody of the Jackson Five performed on the Hey Hey It’s Saturday reunion reached not only an audience of over 2.5 million people in Australia, but also millions of people around the world after guest judge Harry Connick Jr accused the skit and the show of racism. The incident was widely discussed within various online communities, and whilst widely condemned internationally, online comment sections and responses to online newspaper polls suggested that the overwhelming opinion within Australia was that the skit was not racist. This paper considers the way in which such denials of racism were performed in online comments to a number of newspaper articles and polls.Clemence Du

Large-Scale Mapping of Small Roads in Lidar Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Detailed and complete mapping of forest roads is important for the forest industry since they are used for timber transport by trucks with long trailers. This paper proposes a new automatic method for large-scale mapping forest roads from airborne laser scanning data. The method is based on a fully convolutional neural network that performs end-to-end segmentation. To train the network, a large set of image patches with corresponding road label information are applied. The final network is then applied to detect and map forest roads from lidar data covering the Etnedal municipality in Norway. The results show that we are able to map the forest roads with an overall accuracy of 97.2%. We conclude that the method has a strong potential for large-scale operational mapping of forest roads

An investigation into the role of the skin odorants and microbiota in the attraction of malaria mosquitoes to human beings.

Skin microbiota plays an important role in human body odour production, and mosquitoes primarily use olfaction to locate their hosts, therefore, an understanding of the mosquito important compounds released by bacteria could be exploited for a novel intervention. This project investigated the role of skin bacteria on mosquito attractiveness to human beings. In order to investigate this, 30 volunteers were recruited and asked to comply with a washing regime. Bacteria and odour samples were taken from the feet, back, forearm and axilla of 30 volunteers. Odour was collected using nylon stocking that were worn overnight and by carrying out headspace entrainment for each body site. The nylon stockings were tested behaviourally to An. stephensi . Volunteers’ feet increased in attractiveness to An. stephensi between day 1 and day 4, however the other sites (axilla, forearm and upper back) did not. The heaspace entrainment samples were pooled together according to the body site and visit and tested with coupled Gas chromatography - electroantennography (GC - EAG) to test which compounds were detected by mosquitoes. 52 compounds were found to be EAG active across all sites. The samples were individually analysed with GC, and bacteria samples were sequenced with 16S rRna, and a correlation was done for each body site. Over 60 bacteria significantly changed between day 1 and day 5 for feet, however fewer bacteria significantly changed for the other sites (1 bacteria for axilla, 3 for forear m and 10 for the upper back). Furthermore, the correlations for feet revealed that the following compounds: Ethyl - cyclohexane (RI 841), 2 - nonanal (RI 1130 ), menthol (RI 1172) and RI 1232, RI 1711 and RI 1817 ( unidentified ) were associated with Phascolarcto bacterium, Tyzzerella, Sutterella, Turicella, Schlegelella, Oryzihumus, Parabacteroides, Megasphaera, Shingopxis, Paludibacter, Ralstonia, Tuberibacillus and Peptococcus. This study demonstrated that the interactions between bacteria and compounds are highly complex and further research is needed to explore a causal relationship between the two

Playing at the edges: use of playground spaces in South Australian primary schools with new arrivals programmes

Resettlement in Australia can be a stressful experience for migrants who are largely expected to quickly assimilate into the broader Australian culture. This expectation is heightened for those people who arrive as refugees, and particularly those who arrive without humanitarian visas and must endure mandatory detention. For both migrants and refugees, attempts at establishing themselves or developing a sense of belonging to their new community are likely significantly hindered by the welcome (or otherwise) they are provided with and the terms upon which inclusion is offered. This paper uses a multi-method approach to examine how these issues of belonging and inclusion played out in the use of space in two South Australian primary schools that include a programme (NAP) for new arrived students. The paper considers the way in which NAP and non-NAP students utilise playground spaces, and compares and contrasts these observations with the views of teachers at the schools. Specifically, the findings indicate that NAP students were largely relegated to the margins of the playground and experienced difficulty in claiming school spaces as their own. The paper concludes by making suggestions for schools on the basis of the findings, with a focus upon examining the power relations that exist between NAP and non-NAP students and the role of schools in developing a global understanding of inclusion and exclusion.C. Due and D. W. Rigg

Men's grief and support following pregnancy loss: A qualitative investigation of service providers’ perspectives

Published online: 09 Nov 2019This study explores service providers’ experiences of supporting men following a miscarriage or stillbirth in Australia. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were completed with seven service providers including midwives, grief counselors and social workers. Participants highlighted that, despite the individual nature of men’s grief, there is a need to recognize and address the additional expectations and responsibilities that may compound their experience. Within an environment focused on woman-centered care, participants described creative strategies and inclusive language to promote engagement of men. Further research exploring men’s grief is needed to inform training and guidelines for healthcare professionals who work with bereaved families.Kate Louise Obst and Clemence Du

Transmission of and Views About Family Values in an Australian Convenience Sample: A Mixed Methods Study

OnlinePublFamily values operate in both immediate (i.e., familial) and broader social contexts. This study used a mixed methods approach to examine both forms of family values in the Australian context. A convenience sample of 856 people completed a measure of family values about both their own values and their perceived values of one of their parents, and a measure of familism. Using a story completion approach, a majority of the sample also responded to three story stems focused on the perceived values held by fictional families. Quantitative findings identified relationships between participant and perceived parent values in terms of gender. Participants reported high levels of familism, predicted by religiosity, age, and being a parent. Qualitative findings suggested that some participants were mindful of discrimination faced by the fictional families, but many participants also provided deficit accounts.Damien W. Riggs, and Clemence Du

Canopy microclimate modification for the cultivar Shiraz I. Definition of canopy microclimate

Three treatments providing different canopy microclimates were applied to mature Shiraz grapevines at Gawler River 30 d before veraison. Constraining foliage into a smaller volume increased shading over control vines, and GDC training and slashing reduced it. Measurements demonstrated significant differences in terms of fruit exposure to solar radiation. Effects on microclimate due to vine vigour were also noted. A K balance made on vine shoots demonstrated that shade was associated with increased K concentrations in the leaves, petioles and stems at veraison. A visual scoring system of microclimate and growth characteristics was evaluated, and results correlated weil with microclimate measurements. A conceptual model is proposed to: explairi how soil and climatic factors and cultural decision can affect canopy microclimate

Canopy microclimate modification for the cultivar Shiraz II. Effects on must and wine composition

The degree of shade in Shiraz grapevine canopies was varied by four treatments and a naturally occurring vigour gradient. A shaded canopy microclimate produced must compositions of reduced sugar content and higher malic acid and K concentrations, and pH. Wines from these musts also showed higher pH, K and reduced proportions of ionised anthocyanins. Correlation studies showed that high must and wine pH and K content were positively correlated with shading in the canopy, and that colour density, total and ionised anthocyanins and phenol concentrations were negatively correlated with shading.An eight-character visual scorecard of grapevine canopies was used to describe the canopies, and the results correlated with must sugar, pH and K, and wine pH, acidity, K, colour density, total and ionised anthocyanins and phenol content. Vines of high vigour produced similar must and wine composition as shaded canopy treatments

Surveillance, security and violence in a mental health ward: An ethnographic case-study of an Australian purpose-built unit

This paper discusses the potential relationship between surveillance techniques, the enactment of security measures, and patient violence in mental health wards. The paper draws upon data from an ethnographic study conducted in a purpose-built mental health unit containing two wards (one locked and one open) in South Australia, and argues that acts of violence observed in the unit were typically preceded by an incident within the unit that was related to the implementation of security measures aimed at controlling non-compliant behaviours. The paper argues that if a relationship between security measures and violence does exist in mental health wards, then close attention must be paid to the ways in which forms of surveillance may arguably exacerbate, rather than prevent, the need for security measures.Clemence Due, Kathleen Connellan, Damien W. Rigg

The impact of pregnancy loss on men's health and wellbeing: a systematic review

Background: Research indicates that men's psychological and physical health outcomes after pregnancy loss differ from those of women. Our goal was to identify all literature with a focus on men's experiences of pregnancy loss in order to outline current evidence concerning men's wellbeing. Methods: A systematic review of literature on men and pregnancy loss was undertaken following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE) guidelines. Literature was sourced from PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were 1) studies that focused on pregnancy loss (including miscarriage, stillbirth, and ectopic pregnancy, 2) that men's voices were specifically represented, and 3) that studies were of primary data. Results: A final sample of 29 articles was identified, of which 16 were quantitative, 10 qualitative, and 3 mixed methods. Quantitative and mixed methods studies indicated that while men tended to have less intense and less enduring levels of negative psychological outcomes than women, they are more likely to engage in compensatory behaviours, such as increased alcohol consumption. Qualitative studies indicated that men often feel that their role is primarily as a 'supporter' to their female partner, and that this precludes recognition of their own loss. These studies also reported that men may feel overlooked and marginalised in comparison to their female partners, whose pain is typically more visible. Conclusions: Further research is needed on men's experiences of pregnancy loss, focusing on cultural differences. The experience of gay and/or transgender men who face pregnancy loss is overlooked in the literature to date.Clemence Due, Stephanie Chiarolli and Damien W. Rigg