જેતપુર શહેરના રત્નકલાકારોના માનસિક સ્વાસ્થ્ય સમાયોજન અને જીવન સંતોષનો મનોવૈજ્ઞાનિક અભ્યાસ

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A clinical study of elective hysterectomies for benign lesions

Background: Hysterectomy is widely used for treating a variety of gynecologic conditions. Most hysterectomies are elective and are performed to treat benign indications. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the benign indication of hysterectomy, choice of surgical approach, safety and clinical aspect of hysterectomy as a surgical procedure and to correlate the findings with histopathological reports of the specimen.Methods: The present series represents a clinical study of 120 cases of elective hysterectomies for benign lesions. Out of which 73 were done by abdominal and 47 by vaginal route. Finally, all operated specimen were subjected to histological examination.Results: The main indications for elective hysterectomy were leiomyoma 53 (44.2%), prolapse 47 (39.2%) and dysfunctional uterine bleeding 11 (9.2%). Type of operation performed were mainly total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy in 60% cases and vaginal hysterectomy with anterior and posterior repair in 38.3% cases. The mean duration of surgery and average blood loss was more in vaginal procedure (90 min and 100ml) compared to abdominal (70 min and 80ml) respectively. Vaginal hysterectomy was associated with less morbidity and a smoother convalescence than abdominal hysterectomy. In 81.2% cases of abdominal hysterectomies correspondence of indication with histopathological report (HPR) were found, in vaginal 74.5% cases corresponded their histopathological report with their symptoms and investigations. Associated adnexal pathology was found in 8.3% cases. There was no mortality during the whole study period.Conclusions: Hysterectomy for benign pelvic lesions is a safe procedure and an important component of health care for women

TUBB3 and KIF21A in neurodevelopment and disease

Neuronal migration and axon growth and guidance require precise control of microtubule dynamics and microtubule-based cargo transport. TUBB3 encodes the neuronal-specific β-tubulin isotype III, TUBB3, a component of neuronal microtubules expressed throughout the life of central and peripheral neurons. Human pathogenic TUBB3 missense variants result in altered TUBB3 function and cause errors either in the growth and guidance of cranial and, to a lesser extent, central axons, or in cortical neuronal migration and organization, and rarely in both. Moreover, human pathogenic missense variants in KIF21A, which encodes an anterograde kinesin motor protein that interacts directly with microtubules, alter KIF21A function and cause errors in cranial axon growth and guidance that can phenocopy TUBB3 variants. Here, we review reported TUBB3 and KIF21A variants, resulting phenotypes, and corresponding functional studies of both wildtype and mutant proteins. We summarize the evidence that, in vitro and in mouse models, loss-of-function and missense variants can alter microtubule dynamics and microtubule-kinesin interactions. Lastly, we highlight additional studies that might contribute to our understanding of the relationship between specific tubulin isotypes and specific kinesin motor proteins in health and disease

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Analiza metilacije CpG kao moguće drugačije metode metilacije Xist gena u somatskih stanica koze (Capra hircus).

X chromosome inactivation is a complex epigenetic process that ensures equal expression of most Xlinked genes in both sexes. Xist (X-chromosome inactive specific transcript) is a crucial development related gene that initiates X chromosome inactivation in mammalian females during embryogenesis. DNA methylation is a major chromatin modification involved in transcriptional repression of genes, regulating X chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting, and cell or tissue specific gene expression and in many other processes during embryo development. Appropriate DNA methylation of cytosine residues at CpG dinucleotide within the differential methylated region of many imprinted genes is required for normal post implantation development of a mammalian embryo. An aberrant pattern of DNA methylation because of incomplete or anomalous nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells is a reason for poor success rate of somatic cell nuclear transfer in farm animals. In the present study, a putative differential methylated region was identified for first time in goats (Capra hircus) followed by study of the DNA methylation status of this region, using bisulfite sequencing analysis taking fibroblast and cumulus cells from goats. The putative differential methylated region contains 10 CpG sites with a mean methylation level of 92% and 94% for fi broblast and cumulus cells respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of this region revealed goats and sheep positioned in a single cluster distinct from others studied. This study will be a definite help in future research on molecular events responsible for complete nuclear reprogramming of goat somatic cells in SCNT.Inaktivacija X kromosoma složeni je epigenski postupak kojim se osigurava jednaka ekspresija većine X-vezanih gena kod oba spola. Xist (X kromosom specifični inaktivirajući transkript) je ključni gen povezan s razvojem koji potiče inaktivaciju X kromosoma kod ženki sisavaca tijekom embriogeneze. Metilacija DNA glavna je modifikacija kromatina uključena u transkripcijsku regresiju gena, regulaciju X kromosomske inaktivacije, genomskog utiska, specifičnu staničnu ili tkivnu gensku ekspresiju odnosno u mnoge druge procese tijekom embrionalnog razvoja. Prikladna DNA metilacija citozin-rezidua na CpG dinukleotidu, unutar metilacijske regije mnogih utišanih gena, prijeko je potrebna za normalni postimplantacijski razvoj embrija sisavaca. Nepravilan oblik DNA metilacije zbog nekompletnog ili poremećenog reprogramiranja u jezgi somatskih stanica razlog je manje uspješnosti njezinog prijenosa kod farmskih životinja. U ovom radu istražena je moguća druga metilacijska regija koja je utvrđena prvi put u koze (Capra hircus). Navedeno je omogućeno nakon istraživanja statusa DNA metilacije u toj regiji, primjenom analize bisulfit sekvenciranja, uz upotrebu fibroblasta i stanice kumulusa koze. Moguća nova metilirajuća regija sadrži 10 CpG mjesta s prosječnom razinom metilacije od 92% i 94% za fibroblaste odnosno stanica kumulusa. Filogenetske analize regije pokazale su da su koze i ovce smještene u jedan odvojeni “grozd”. Istraživanje će pomoći u budućem radu vezanom za molekularnu razinu koja je odgovorna za potpuno reprogramiranje jezgre somatskih stanica koza u SCNT

On a Ramanujan Quantity

Abstract: In this paper, We study the several modular equations of Ramanujan Quantities R(1, 2, 4; q) (established by Nikos Bagis) and R(1, 2, 4; q n ) for n = 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 23 and 25

Wire-arc additive manufacturing of nickel aluminum bronze/stainless steel hybrid parts – Interfacial characterization, prospects, and problems

Hybrid parts of nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) and 316L stainless steel were fabricated using a commercially available wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology to evaluate the feasibility and cracking tendency. Focused Ion beam (FIB) based Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the built (NAB)-substrate (SS) interfacial characteristics. FIB extracted a selected region of the interface, and the spatial distribution of the interface across several sections was characterized by using the state-of-the-art technique for 3D EBSD mapping. A metallurgically bonded interface without any pores and cracks, with the inter-diffusion region in a thickness of 2 μm, was formed, which was further confirmed by a video with the results of 3D reconstructed EBSD maps. The interface did not exhibit any strong texture orientation owing to the control of the thermal gradient as NAB is more conductive than 316L. EDS elemental mapping confirmed that Fe3Al intermetallic was formed at the NAB/SS bimetallic-joint interface. Occasional liquation cracks on the grain boundaries in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of 316L substrate were observed. Fe-Al based intermetallic formation, along with the penetration of copper along the HAZ cracks, was noticed. The problems associated were highlighted, and remedial measures were suggested to open up the possibilities of additive manufacturing to fabricate NAB-Stainless steel hybrid parts for industrial repair and maintenance applications. © 2020 Acta Materialia Inc

Associations between recent intimate partner violence and receipt and quality of perinatal health services in Uttar Pradesh

Background India suffers some of the highest maternal and neonatal mortality rates in the world. Intimate partner violence (IPV) can be a barrier to utilization of perinatal care, and has been associated with poor maternal and neonatal health outcomes. However, studies that assess the relationship between IPV and perinatal health care often focus solely on receipt of services, and not the quality of the services received. Methods and findings Data were collected in 2016–2017 from a representative sample of women (15-49yrs) in Uttar Pradesh, India who had given birth within the previous 12 months (N = 5020), including use of perinatal health services and past 12 months experiences of physical and sexual IPV. Multivariate logistic regression models assessed whether physical or sexual IPV were associated with perinatal health service utilization and quality. Reports of IPV were not associated with odds of receiving antenatal care or a health worker home visit during the third trimester, but physical IPV was associated with fewer diagnostic tests during antenatal visits (beta = -0.30), and fewer health topics covered during home visits (beta = -0.44). Recent physical and recent sexual IPV were both associated with decreased odds of institutional delivery (physical IPV AOR 0.65; sexual IPV AOR 0.61), and recent sexual IPV was associated with leaving a delivery facility earlier than recommended (AOR = 1.87). Neither form of IPV was associated with receipt of a postnatal home visit, but recent physical IPV was associated with fewer health topics discussed during such visits (beta = -0.26). Conclusions In this study, reduced quantity and quality of perinatal health care were associated with recent IPV experiences. In cases where IPV was not related to care receipt, IPV remained associated with diminished care quality. Additional study to understand the mechanisms underlying associations between IPV and care qualities is required to inform health services

Wire-arc additive manufactured nickel aluminum bronze with enhanced mechanical properties using heat treatments cycles

Wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technique was used to develop nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) components for naval applications. The microstructural changes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). As-built WAAM-NAB consists of κII (globular Fe3Al) and κIII (lamellar NiAl) phases in the interdendritic regions and fine Fe-rich κIV particles in the Cu-matrix. Along the build direction, the WAAM-NAB flat samples exhibited yield and ultimate tensile strength values of 380 and 708 MPa, respectively, and 34 % elongation. Furthermore, three different heat-treatments were performed on the samples in a view to evaluating their effect on mechanical properties. When heat-treated to 350 °C for 2 h (HT-1), there are no significant microstructural changes, and tensile properties along the build direction are similar to the as-built WAAM-NAB. Heat-treatment at 550 °C for 4 h (HT-2) produced a new needle-like κv phase in the α-matrix, coarsening of globular κII, partial spheroidization of lamellar κIII, and reduced amount of κIV precipitation. As compared to the WAAM-NAB, HT-2 samples exhibited a significant increase in yield strength (∼90 MPa), and ultimate tensile strength (∼60 MPa); however, tensile ductility was observed to drop by 20 %. After heat-treatment at 675 °C for 6 h (HT-3), globular κII and needle-like κv were coarsened, lamellar κIII was completely spheroidized, and the amount of κIV was significantly reduced. HT-3 samples showed better tensile strength (∼37 MPa) than the WAAM-NAB with marginal loss (6%) in the ductility. © 202