538 research outputs found
Cinco modelos de capitalismo
Besides analyzing capitalist societies historically and think them in terms of phases or stages, we may compare different models or varieties of capitalism. In this work I make a survey of the literature on this subject, distinguish the classification that have a production or business approach to the ones that use mainly a political criterion. And present my own view on the matter that views five forms of capitalism. Among the rich countries, I see the “liberal-democratic or Anglo-Saxon model, the social or European model, and endogenous social integration or Japanese model; among developing countries, I distinguish the Asian developmental model from the liberal-dependent model that characterizes most other developing countries including Brazil.
Modernidade, pĂłs-modernidade e neoliberalismo
This paper surveys the recent literature on modernity and on postmodernity and relates them with the neoliberal ideology that for thirty years was dominant in the world. In relation to modernity, it claims that major sociologists were not neoliberal, but their theories depicted a provisory modernity excessively conditioned by the neoliberal years. In relation to postmodernity, it criticizes its excessive relativism and pessimism, as well as their rejection of the great narratives and of the possibility of progress.
O modelo Harrod-Domar e a substitutibilidade de fatores
O Modelo Harrod-Domar de crescimento econĂłmico apresenta uma grande simplicidade e, na medida em que dá primazia Ă acumulação de capital e nĂŁo garante qualquer equilĂbrio automático e necessário da economia atravĂ©s dos mecanismos de mercado, parece se adequar melhor Ă explicação do processo de desenvolvimento econĂłmico que outros modelos mais complexos. Entretanto, tem sofrido crĂticas por nĂŁo deixar explĂcito o papel do progresso tĂ©cnico e por nĂŁo admitir substitutibilidade de fatores. Alguns crĂticos concluem que o modelo Harrod-Domar nĂŁo leva ao crescimento da renda por habitante
Financiamento para o subdesenvolvimento: o Brasil e o segundo consenso de Washington
Inclui bibliografia: p. 396-398 e notas
The reconstruction of the Brazilian industry : the connection between the macroeconomic regime and the industrial policy
Artigo publicado em: Revista de Economia PolĂtica, SĂŁo Paulo, v. 36, n. 3, p. 493-513, jul./set. 2016.Bibliografia: p. 511-513This paper is predominantly analytical. Concerning the macroeconomic regime, we propose more consistency between monetary, fiscal, exchange rate and wage policies. Such consistency is to provide sustainable long-term economic growth with structural change. Also, it is to make it feasible to not only maintain average real interest rates below the average real return rates on capital, but also competitive real exchange rates (i.e., marginal undervalued real exchange rates) and real wages that increase in step with productivity growth. This will help guarantee sustainable economic growth. As for industrial policy, theoretical and empirical evidence suggests the need to pursue strategies that diversify production, especially within the manufacturing sector as well as within tradable segments of the service sector. Although theoretical arguments are favorable to strategies that diversify production in countries that did not manage to catch up with developed countries, such strategies should avoid semi-autarky policies, which means that production chains, segments and sectors that are not the focus of industrial policy should have zero import tariffs, or close to zero.Este artigo, de cunho eminentemente analĂtico, mostra que no âmbito da polĂtica macroeconĂ´mica Ă© necessária consistĂŞncia entre as polĂticas monetária, fiscal, cambial e salarial para viabilizar taxas de juros reais mĂ©dias inferiores Ă s taxas de retorno mĂ©dias sobre o capital, taxas de câmbio reais competitivas (em torno da taxa de “equilĂbrio industrial”) e taxas de salários que evoluam de acordo com o crescimento da produtividade, condições para que se assegure o crescimento econĂ´mico sobre bases sustentáveis. Já com respeito Ă polĂtica industrial Ă© preciso perseguir estratĂ©gias de diversificação produtiva, notadamente no setor manufatureiro e nos segmentos tradable do setor de serviços, mediante a identificação de prioridades estratĂ©gicas tanto nas cadeias produtivas, segmentos e setores prĂłximos Ă base de vantagem comparativa preexistente, como naqueles mais prĂłximos Ă fronteira tecnolĂłgica internacional. Embora os argumentos analĂticos favoreçam a estratĂ©gia de diversificação produtiva, esta nĂŁo deve ser confundida com semiautarquia, o que significa que as cadeias e setores que nĂŁo sejam foco da polĂtica industrial devem ter alĂquotas de importação zero ou prĂłximas de zero
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