Straightforward access to chalcogenoureas derived from N-heterocyclic carbenes and their coordination chemistry

Chalcogen-based urea compounds supported by a wide range of N-heterocyclic carbenes are synthesised and fully characterised. Coordination of selenoureas is further explored with Group 11 transition metals to form new copper, gold and silver complexes. Single crystal X-ray analyses unambiguously establish the solid-state coordination of these complexes and show that the geometry of a complex is highly influenced by a combination of electronic properties – mainly π-accepting ability – and steric hindrance of the ligands, as well as the nature of the metal, affording a variety of coordination behaviours. In this report, we investigate these phenomena using several experimental methods

Nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) activity is a therapeutic target in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating and fatal motor neuron disease. Diagnosis typically occurs in the fifth decade of life and the disease progresses rapidly leading to death within ~ 2–5 years of symptomatic onset. There is no cure, and the few available treatments offer only a modest extension in patient survival. A protein central to ALS is the nuclear RNA/DNA-binding protein, TDP-43. In > 95% of ALS patients, TDP-43 is cleared from the nucleus and forms phosphorylated protein aggregates in the cytoplasm of affected neurons and glia. We recently defined that poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) activity regulates TDP-43-associated toxicity. PAR is a posttranslational modification that is attached to target proteins by PAR polymerases (PARPs). PARP-1 and PARP-2 are the major enzymes that are active in the nucleus. Here, we uncovered that the motor neurons of the ALS spinal cord were associated with elevated nuclear PAR, suggesting elevated PARP activity. Veliparib, a small-molecule inhibitor of nuclear PARP-1/2, mitigated the formation of cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates in mammalian cells. In primary spinal-cord cultures from rat, Veliparib also inhibited TDP-43-associated neuronal death. These studies uncover that PAR activity is misregulated in the ALS spinal cord, and a small-molecular inhibitor of PARP-1/2 activity may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of ALS and related disorders associated with abnormal TDP-43 homeostasis

Cutaneous superficial malign peripheral nerve sheath tumour

WOS: 000359056402117

Dinuclear gold(i) complexes: From bonding to applications

The last two decades have seen a veritable explosion in the use of gold(i) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and phosphine (PR3) ligands. Both ligand families have significantly contributed to the stability and design of a plethora of gold complexes. Design is oftentimes associated with application. Here, we wish to present an overview of the synthesis and structural properties of dinuclear gold(i) complexes reported to date with their applications across numerous research areas

Does chronic smoking affect induced-exercise catecholamine release?

Introduction and objectives: This study was performed to investigate the acute effect of the submaximal aerobic exercise upon epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels in chronic smokers and non-smoker. The study was carried out upon 10 regular (15 >= cigarettes/day) smoker untrained male along five years and 10 never smoker untrained male. Methods: Subjects performed an endurance exercise that continues 40 minutes at 70% maximal heart rate. There were 15cc venous blood samples extracted from the forearm pre-exercise (PRE), post-exercise (POST), post-exercise 2 hours (2h), post-exercise 24 hours (24h) to measure of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels. Results: The plasma level of each hormone increased after exercise and the tendency of rise was similar between groups as it seen in which 55,6% and 54,68% for epinephrine and 27,1% and 35,7% for norepinephrine. In this respect no group-time relationship has been found (p>0,05). But in between-group analyses, basal and after exercise levels were different (p<0,05). Discussion and conclusion: The study revealed the fact that, smokers have higher plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine before and after exercise. The results demonstrate that long-term smoking induces elevate baseline and post-aerobic submaximal exercise plasma epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels. The sympatho-adrenal activity appears to be disrupt with long-term smoking which effect the glycolytic and fat metabolism during exercise

Does chronic smoking affect induced-exercise catecholamine release?

Introduction and objectives: This study was performed to investigate the acute effect of the submaximal aerobic exercise upon epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels in chronic smokers and non-smoker. The study was carried out upon 10 regular (15 >= cigarettes/day) smoker untrained male along five years and 10 never smoker untrained male. Methods: Subjects performed an endurance exercise that continues 40 minutes at 70% maximal heart rate. There were 15cc venous blood samples extracted from the forearm pre-exercise (PRE), post-exercise (POST), post-exercise 2 hours (2h), post-exercise 24 hours (24h) to measure of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels. Results: The plasma level of each hormone increased after exercise and the tendency of rise was similar between groups as it seen in which 55,6% and 54,68% for epinephrine and 27,1% and 35,7% for norepinephrine. In this respect no group-time relationship has been found (p>0,05). But in between-group analyses, basal and after exercise levels were different (p<0,05). Discussion and conclusion: The study revealed the fact that, smokers have higher plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine before and after exercise. The results demonstrate that long-term smoking induces elevate baseline and post-aerobic submaximal exercise plasma epinephrine and nor-epinephrine levels. The sympatho-adrenal activity appears to be disrupt with long-term smoking which effect the glycolytic and fat metabolism during exercise