Household Exposure to Pesticides and Risk of Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies: The ESCALE Study (SFCE)

International audienceOBJECTIVES: We investigated the role of household exposure to pesticides in the etiology of childhood hematopoietic malignancies. METHODS: The national registry-based case-control study ESCALE (Etude sur les cancers de l'enfant) was carried out in France over the period 2003-2004. Population controls were frequency matched with the cases on age and sex. Maternal household use of pesticides during pregnancy and paternal use during pregnancy or childhood were reported by the mothers in a structured telephone questionnaire. Insecticides (used at home, on pets, or for garden crops), herbicides, and fungicides were distinguished. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) using unconditional regression models closely adjusting for age, sex, degree of urbanization, and type of housing (flat or house). RESULTS: We included a total of 764 cases of acute leukemia (AL), 130 of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 166 of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and 1,681 controls. Insecticide use during pregnancy was significantly associated with childhood AL [OR = 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7-2.5], both lymphoblastic and myeloblastic, NHL (OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6), mainly for Burkitt lymphoma (OR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6-4.5), and mixed-cell HL (OR = 4.1; 95% CI, 1.4-11.8), but not nodular sclerosis HL (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.6-1.9). Paternal household use of pesticides was also related to AL (OR = 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8) and NHL (OR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.6); but for AL the relationships did not remain after adjustment for maternal pesticide use during pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The study findings strengthen the hypothesis that domestic use of pesticides may play a role in the etiology of childhood hematopoietic malignancies. The consistency of the findings with those of previous studies on AL raises the question of the advisability of preventing pesticide use by pregnant women

La coopération territoriale en vue de la revalorisation des invendus alimentaires - Le cas SoliFoodWaste à Nantes

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Vers une conception d’évaluation plurielle et collective de la mesure d'impacts de projets en ESS. Inscrire territoires et durabilité au cœur de la démarche

International audienceThe article is part of an approach to measure the territorialized impacts of the sustainability of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). The plural scope of evaluation posing the social utility and the sustainability refers to consider the inscription of the evaluated action "in" a given territory. It is then necessary to go beyond traditional measurement tools and to integrate SSE stakeholders. This article proposes to follow and analyze the methodological path of the construction of impact measurement indicators for three SSE initiatives. We illustrate how the territorial dimension of SSE becomes a support for the co-construction of an original evaluation of the impact of SSE projects. This filter of territorialized analysis (re)covers sustainability issues. We propose to question the design of the criteria with the aim of spinning off to new partner structures: does it constitute a three-dimensional impact measurement adapted to the objectives of the SSE and sustainability? Starting from these fields, the text proposes a return on the positioning of the researchers in the co-elaboration of the tool of impact measurement and suggests the integration of the territorial dimension in the measurement of sustainability impacts of the SSE structures as well as the apprehension of the social finality of the project so that the project swarms and allows to start a discussion on the contributions and relationships to the territory

Vers une conception d’évaluation plurielle et collective de la mesure d'impacts de projets en ESS. Inscrire territoires et durabilité au cœur de la démarche

L'article s'inscrit dans une démarche de mesure d'impacts territorialisés de la durabilité de I'Economie sociale et solidaire (ESS). La portée plurielle d’évaluation posant l'utilité sociale et la durabilité renvoie à considérer l'inscription de l'action évaluée « dans » un territoire donné. Il est alors nécessaire d'aller au-delà des outils de mesure traditionnels et d'intégrer les parties prenantes de l'ESS. Cet article propose de suivre et d'analyser le cheminement méthodologique de la construction d'indicateurs de mesure d'impacts de trois initiatives en ESS. Nous illustrons comment la dimension territoriale de l'ESS devient support de co-construction d'une évaluation originale, de la portée des projets d'ESS. Ce filtre d'analyse territorialisée (re)couvre les enjeux de durabilité. Nous proposons d'interroger la conception des critères ayant pour but d'essaimer auprès de nouvelles structures partenaires : constitue-t-elle une mesure d'impacts tridimensionnelle adaptée aux objectifs de l'ESS et de la durabilité ? Partant de ces terrains, le texte propose un retour sur le positionnement des chercheurs dans la co-élaboration de l'outil de mesure d'impact et suggère l'intégration de la dimension territoriale dans la mesure d'impacts de durabilité des structures de l'ESS ainsi que l'appréhension de la finalité sociale de projet afin que le projet essaime et permette d'entamer une discussion sur les apports et rapports au territoire.Ces travaux de recherche ont été financés par le programme LIFE de l’Union Européenne pour le projet SoliFoodWaste (LIFE18 ENV/FR/000029) et par le Ministère du Travail, de l’Emploi et de l’Insertion dans le cadre du PIC La Locomotive

How Women Perceive Severity of Complications after Pelvic Floor Repair?

Background: The Clavien-Dindo classification, used to describe postoperative complications, does not take into account patient perception of severity. Our main objective was to assess women’s perception of postoperative pelvic floor repair complications and compare it to the classification of Clavien-Dindo. Methods: Women and surgeons participating in the VIGI-MESH registry concerning pelvic floor repair surgery were invited to quote their perception of complication severity through a survey based on 30 clinical vignettes. For each vignette, four grades of severity were proposed: “not serious”, “a little serious”, “serious”, “very serious”. Results: Among the 1146 registered women, we received 529 responses (46.2%) and 70 of the 141 surgeons (49.6%) returned a completed questionnaire. A total of 25 of the 30 vignettes were considered classifiable according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. The women’s classification was concordant with Clavien-Dindo for 52.0% (13/25) of the classifiable vignettes. The women’s and surgeons’ responses were discordant for 20 of the 30 clinical vignettes (66.7%). Loss of autonomy (self-catheterization, long-term medication use) or occurrence of sequelae (organ damage or severe persistent pain) were perceived by women as more serious than Clavien-Dindo classification or than surgeons’ perceptions. Conclusions: Women’s perception of pelvic floor repair surgery seems different from the Clavien-Dindo classification. Lack of repair and long-term disability seem to be two major factors in favor of perception of the surgical complication as serious

Limiting the environmental impact of food waste: ecodesign of the reuse of unsold bread and spent grains in cookies making

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Sex-Cord Stromal Tumors in Children and Teenagers: Results of the TGM-95 Study

International audienceBACKGROUND:We present the results of the TGM-95 study for gonadal sex-cord stromal tumors (SCT).METHODS:Between 1995 and 2005, children (<18 years) with gonadal SCT were prospectively registered. Primary gonadal resection was recommended whenever feasible. Patients with disseminated disease or an incomplete resection received neoadjuvant or adjuvant VIP chemotherapy (etoposide, ifosfamide, cisplatinum).RESULTS:Thirty-eight children with ovarian SCT were registered. Median age was 10.7y. Endocrine symptoms were present in 21 cases. The histological diagnoses were as follows: juvenile (23) and adult (3) granulosa cell tumors, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (11), and mixed germ cell SCT (1). An initial oophorectomy ± salpingectomy led to complete resection in 23 patients who did not receive adjuvant treatment; two of them relapsed: one achieved second complete remission whereas the other one died of disease. Fifteen patients had tumor rupture and/or malignant ascites: 11 received chemotherapy and did not relapse, four did not receive chemotherapy and relapsed with a fatal outcome in two cases. With a median follow-up of 5.9y, the 5-y EFS and OS rates were respectively 85% and 94%. Eleven patients had localized testicular tumors (median age 0.83y): juvenile granulosa cell tumors (4), Sertoli or Leydig cell tumors (5) and not otherwise specified SCT (2). Treatment was surgery alone with an inguinal orchiectomy. None have relapsed (median follow-up: 5.4y).CONCLUSIONS:Childhood SCT carry favorable prognosis. In ovarian SCT, surgery should be complete and non-mutilating. Adjuvant chemotherapy efficiently prevents recurrences in cases of tumor rupture. In childhood testicular SCT, the prognosis is excellent with an inguinal orchiectomy, prompting the debate on testis-sparing surgery

Analysis of Phthalates and Alternative Plasticizers in Gloves by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography–UV Detection: A Comparative Study

International audienceGloves represent an essential feature for hand protection because it is a requirement in the professional framework to comply with both hand hygiene standards and the principles of good laboratory practice. Despite their wide use, there is a knowledge gap regarding their composition, including phthalates. The purpose of the present study was to develop two orthogonal methods, GC–MS and HPLC–DAD, for the screening of plasticizers in gloves. Performances of these two methods were compared in terms of ease of use, number of analyzed plasticizers, and sample preparation. The two methods were validated and applied for the identification and quantification of plasticizers in ten gloves made with different materials (vinyl, nitrile, latex, and neoprene). Results revealed the presence of three main ones: DEHP, DEHT, and DINP. Additionally, the contents of plasticizers were extremely variable, depending on the glove material. As expected, the results point out a predominant use of plasticizers in vinyl gloves with an amount that should be of concern. While DEHP is classified as a toxic substance for reproduction 1B, it was, however, quantified in the ten different glove samples studied. This study provides new data regarding the plasticizers’ content in protective gloves, which could be useful for risk assessment