Resilience activation in extreme situations: a literature review

International audienceThis paper makes a scientific contribution to the theme of human and organisational factors in extreme situations in the context of the nuclear industry. The concept of resilience activation in an extreme situation is defined and illustrated, and the initial temporal phase is discussed. The Fukushima Dai Ichi nucle-ar power plant accident is used as a case study to support the definition and illustrate the concept

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19

IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 non–critically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022). INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (n = 257), ARB (n = 248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; n = 10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; n = 264) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ support–free days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes. RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ support–free days among critically ill patients was 10 (–1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (n = 231), 8 (–1 to 17) in the ARB group (n = 217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (n = 231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ support–free days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570

L'endocardite infectieuse (la pathologie et la prise en charge du patient à risque en odontologie)

BORDEAUX2-BU Sci.Homme/Odontol. (330632102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Murakami sur le sac.

International audiencePurpose-As some areas of the luxury market have been industrializing because of their expanding scale and scope, the commoditization trend is threatening luxury brands along the value chain. Too many products might flood the market. Because the commodity trap has not so far been commonly referred to as the source of the problem, the efforts of firms to decommoditize have seldom been described. The purpose of this paper is to describe and interpret one type of successful reaction to this problem: the exclusive partnership made by Louis Vuitton with artist Takashi Murakami. The paper identifies the strategy along the value chain and its step by step implementation and influence on commoditization. Design/methodology/approach-The paper identifies the strategy behind this partnership and its step by step implementation. It uses a qualitative method because it would like to understand complex phenomenon and explore in depth, some strategic operations and decisions. More precisely, it is a case study research because it works on a contemporary situation and allows to retain the meaningful characteristics of real-life events as organizational, managerial and social processes Findings-LV strategy raises the difficulty for competitors to imitate or to propose same value products as the value added to LV product is almost unique with Murakami's touch. With this strategy they impact commoditization as defined by Reimann et al. Also, we formulate a few recommendations and insist on the integration of all the parts of the upstream value chain-especially operations-to achieve a successful long-term retail strategy. Research limitations/implications-There are no research on partnerships between art and luxury. Our extensive analysis of the partnership between LV and Murakami gives a comprehensive view of how this kind of collaboration helps to fight back commoditization. However, more case studies should be studied to know if the strategy is replicable. Practical implications-This research gives a comprehensive analysis of the adaptation of the value chain to make the partnership a success. It also underlines the need to conduct and to adapt the whole value chain to the specifities of the artist. Originality/value-There are few research investigating the links and partnerships between artists and luxury brands. The originality is to describe a particular partnership concerning all the parts of the upstream value chain-especially operations-it also makes recommendations concerning potential partnerships between art and luxury to fight back against commoditization

Resilience activation in extreme situation

L'objectif de cet article est d'apporter une contribution scientifique à la thématique des facteurs humains et organisationnels dans des situations extrêmes dans l'industrie nucléaire. Le concept d ' « entrée en résilience » en situation extrême sera défini et illustré et la première phase temporelle du concept sera discutée. L’accident de la centrale nucléaire de Fukushima Dai Ichi soutiendra la définition et l'illustration du concept.The objective of this paper is to make a scientific contribution to the thematic of human and organizational factors in extreme situations in the nuclear industry. The concept of “resilience activation” in extreme situation will be defined and illustrated and the first temporally phase of the concept will be discussed. The Fukushima Dai Ichi nuclear power plant accident will support the definition and the illustration of the concept

L’entrée en résilience en situation extrême

International audienceThe objective of this paper is to make a scientific contribution to the understanding of human and organizational factors in extreme situations in the nuclear industry. The concept of “resilience activation” in extreme situation will be defined and illustrated and the first temporally phase of the concept will be discussed. The Fukushima Dai Ichi nuclear power plant accident will support the definition and the illustration of the concept.L'objectif de cet article est d'apporter une contribution scientifique à la compréhension des facteurs humains et organisationnels lors de situations extrêmes dans l'industrie nucléaire. A cette fin, le concept d '« entrée en résilience » en situation extrême sera défini et illustré et la première phase temporelle du concept sera discutée. L’accident de la centrale nucléaire de Fukushima Dai Ichi soutiendra la définition et l'illustration du concept

Resilience activation and liminality during the Fukushima Dai Ichi nuclear power plant accident.

International audienc

Graffitis arabes du XVIe siècle ou du début du XVIIe siècle à Toulon (Var)

International audienc

Modeling Strategy for Designing in the Continuous Imaginary World with Power Electronics Discrete Components

International audienceDuring the preliminary design sketch phase of power electronics systems, it may be interesting to use gradient based optimization algorithm with continuous and differentiable models. In this paper, we propose to power electronics designers a modeling strategy for designing in the continuous imaginary world with the discrete components

From a Continuous and Imaginary Design to a Real Device: a Heuristic Strategy Dedicated to Power Electronics

International audienceDesigning in a continuous and differentiable design space offers a lot of possibilities. But in a domain such as power electronics made with discrete components, it is necessary to come back in the real world starting from the previous continuous imaginary space. This paper offers a heuristic discretization process illustrated with an Interleaved Buck Converter