The feasibility analysis for the concept of low temperature district heating network with cascade utilization of heat between networks

Recently, low temperature district heating networks (LTDH) have received attention in district heating and cooling market due to their benefits in terms of efficiency, greenhouse gas reduction, flexibility to use renewable energy sources and economic benefits. In this work, physical and techno-economical aspects of the new concept of cascade types with high temperature district heating (HTDH) return is utilized to supply heat at low temperature networks. The HTDH return water temperature is around 45oC and supply of LTDH can be set around 60oC. The return water temperature of HTDH return line at 45oC can be raised to 60oC with the help of heat pump. A detailed study of major components, network design, pressure drop, heat loss and power consumption was performed to formulate an annual, hourly, based energy simulation to assess the techno-economic feasibility of the systems for different types of customers (residential & commercial) The economics were also analysed in terms of internal rate of return (IRR) and the results show that IRR for residential buildings varies from 14 ~ 17%. In order for the successful realization of the proposed system in the market new sustainable systems encouragement in government level is desired to be provided in the form of renewable energy target/certificates or CO2 reduction incentives especially at the initial stage of the commercialization of the model

Baryonic Matter in the Hidden Local Symmetry Induced from Holographic QCD Models

Baryonic matter is studied in the Skyrme model by taking into account the roles of $\pi,$ $\rho$, and $\omega$ mesons through the hidden local symmetry up to $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ terms including the homogeneous Wess-Zumino (hWZ) terms. Using the master formulas for the low energy constants derived from holographic QCD models the skyrmion matter properties can be quantitatively calculated with the input values of the pion decay constant $f_\pi$ and the vector meson mass $m_\rho^{}$. We find that the hWZ terms are responsible for the repulsive interactions of the $\omega$ meson. In addition, the self-consistently included $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ terms with the hWZ terms is found to increase the half skyrmion phase transition point above the normal nucleon density.Comment: Contribution to SCGT12 "KMI-GCOE Workshop on Strong Coupling Gauge Theories in the LHC Perspective", 4-7 Dec. 2012, Nagoya Universit

Improvement Characteristics of Ground Using C.G.S Through Field Case Study

Compaction Grouting System is widely used in densifying loose soils or fill voids caused by sinkholes, poorly compacted fills, and soft ground improvement. Also, it is used in preventing liquefaction, re-leveling settled structures, and using compaction bulbs as structural elements of minipiles or underpinning. But the effects of ground improvement depending on the type of soil must be studied in order to adopt in various soils. In this study, characteristics analysis of the ground improvement and the effectiveness of reinforcement were grasped by this study which shows applied ground by Compaction Grouting System in domestic 6 sites. After Compaction Grouting, strength characteristics of the ground are much better than before Compaction Grouting through the results of the standard penetration test, the dynamic cone penetration test, the vane test and laboratory test using performance Evaluation of Linear Regression. Especially improvement of strength was shown over 17% by Compaction Grouting through prediction formulas in sand

Hidden Local Symmetry and Infinite Tower of Vector Mesons for Baryons

In an effort to access dense baryonic matter relevant for compact stars in a unified framework that handles both single baryon and multibaryon systems on the same footing, we first address a holographic dual action for a single baryon focusing on the role of the infinite tower of vector mesons deconstructed from five dimensions. To leading order in 't Hooft coupling $\lambda=N_c g_{\rm YM}^2$, one has the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) Skyrmion that results when the warping of the bulk background and the Chern-Simons term in the Sakai-Sugimoto D4/D8-${\bar{\rm D8}}$ model are ignored. The infinite tower was found by Sutcliffe to induce flow to a conformal theory, i.e., the BPS. We compare this structure to that of the SS model consisting of a 5D Yang-Mills action in warped space and the Chern-Simons term in which higher vector mesons are integrated out while preserving hidden local symmetry and valid to $O(\lambda^0)$ and $O(p^4)$ in the chiral counting. We point out the surprisingly important role of the $\omega$ meson that figures in the Chern-Simons term that encodes chiral anomaly in the baryon structure and that may be closely tied to short-range repulsion in nuclear interactions.Comment: 9 pages, REVTeX, to be published in Phys. Rev.

I/Q Regeneration Algorithm for Direct Conversion Receiver Using 5-Port Junction

Abstract-We introduce a reliable I/Q regeneration algorithm for digital video broadcasting system (DVB-S) using a 5-port junction direct conversion receiver. The DVB-S uses two modulation schemes; QPSK and 8PSK. We propose two cost functions for each modulation scheme. The proposed algorithm utilizes the charateristic of the modulated symbol, so it simplifies the phase-offset compensation problem with low complexity. Simulation results show that bit error rate (BER) of the proposed scheme agrees very well with the theoretical BER for QPSK and 8PSK

Thermal Effects of Microwave Reduced-Graphene-Oxide Coated Polyester Fabric on a Simulated Human Skin in Cool and Neutral Air Temperatures

Batteryless wearable technology has wide applications. In particular, human body surface temperature controlling fabrics can help regulate skin temperature in heat or cold. This study investigated surface temperature distribution of the fabrics coated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on simulated human body skin conditions at 18 degrees C (cool) and 27 degrees C (neutral) ambient air temperatures. Polyester fabrics were spin-coated with a graphene-oxide (GO) solution of 0.2 wt%. Preparation of rGO was processed by using a microwave oven (MW-rGO). Non-treated fabric (CON) was compared to GO and MW-rGO. The surface temperature of a hot plate was maintained at 35 degrees C or 40 degrees C. The test fabrics were put on the heated hot plate or non-heated-outer portions of the hot plate. Surface temperatures of MW-rGO on the heated hot plate at an air temperature of 18 degrees C (cool) were higher than those of non-treated fabric (CON) under the same conditions (p < 0.01). No effects from the graphene treatment were found on non-heated portions of the graphene oxide fabric (GO) or the reduced graphene oxide fabric (MW-rGO). On the non-heated portions, surface temperatures were higher at the location closer to the hot plate compared to the location farther from the hot plate (p < 0.05). These results partially represent thermal effects of MW-rGO under a specific environment and heat source. Our findings enable an application of reduced graphene oxide to body temperature regulating clothing.