Hydrochlorothiazide reduces urinary calcium excretion in a child with Lowe syndrome.

There is a growing recognition that children with Lowe syndrome are at risk of nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis from hypercalciuria. Increased fluid intake and correction of metabolic acidosis have remained the focus for intervention but are not always successful. Thiazide diuretics, which reduce urinary calcium excretion, have not been used in these children, due to concerns that (i) they may not work as a result of the underlying tubular abnormalities and (ii) their risk may outweigh the potential benefits they have to offer. Herein we report a child with Lowe syndrome who was successfully treated with thiazides in managing his hypercalciuria

Primary Renal Lymphoma Presenting as End-Stage Renal Disease.

Primary renal lymphoma is a rare entity, even more so in children. Children with primary renal lymphoma present with variable clinical features such as constitutional signs and symptoms, acute kidney injury, palpable abdominal masses, and gross hematuria. Herein we report a child who presented with seemingly advanced chronic kidney disease and was eventually diagnosed with primary lymphoma. He responded well to intensive chemotherapy and recovered renal function, although he was left with some functional limitations as a consequence of his treatment regimen. Our report highlights the importance of keeping neoplastic conditions under consideration when taking care of children with severe kidney disease of unclear etiology

Implications of Antiphospholipid and Antineutrophilic Cytoplasmic Antibodies in the Context of Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis.

While antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity has been documented in some patients with postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) and is associated with more severe disease, antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) are not known to be a common occurrence. We describe a child with severe acute kidney injury who was noted to have prolonged positivity of both ANCA and APA; a renal biopsy showed noncrescentic immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis with subepithelial deposits compatible with PIGN. He recovered without maintenance immunosuppressive therapy and at last follow-up had normal renal function. We discuss the cooccurrence and implications of ANCA and APA in children with PIGN

BUILDING AN APPLICATION MODEL FOR EFFICIENT RIDE BOOKING IN RIDE-HAILING INDUSTRY

The purpose of this study is to develop an efficient ride booking application in the ride-hailing sector. The objective of the research is to provide users with an easy way to book rides at reasonable prices and convenient times. This project helps to promote the ride-hailing industry by providing guidance for the creation of real-time applications. This project answered three questions. 1. What are the technology and infrastructure requirements for developing a consolidated online application for centralized ride sharing? 2. What are other examples of application aggregators in other industries than transportation and how do they work? 3. What are the steps for developing an online application that integrates the current ride-sharing applications? This project used the Java programming language to design an Android application in Android Studio that compares different ride fares, wait time and car types. The application made use of a dummy dataset in JSON format that included time, cost, and car type details. The software allows users to enter their origin and destination, and it then presents information on availability, waiting times, estimated costs, and car types. The application development process includes the creation of the dataset, setup of the Android Studio project, data retrieval and merging using Java programming, and tabular data display on a mobile screen. The developed application helps users compare various ride-sharing services, informs riders of available ride charges, and offers estimates for wait times. It assists riders in booking the best ride among various available options across different ride-sharing platforms based on their preferences. development of an efficient ride-sharing application in the ride-hailing industry, aiming to provide users with the ability to book rides at reasonable prices and suitable times. Future developments for ride-efficiency apps include multi-language support, advanced filtering, real-time API integration, ride-sharing service growth, in-app payments, user reviews, personalized suggestions, map integration, and multi-modal growth

Bibliography of Aleyrodidae II.

Trehan und Butani veröffentlichten 1960 eine umfassende Bibliographie der Aleyrodidae, die 998 Titel enthält. Diese Arbeit wird durch den vorliegenden Artikel ergänzt.Trehan and Butani (1960) published a comprehensive bibliography listing 998 references of the Aleyrodidae. This is a supplement to that treatise

STUDIES IN OXCARBAZEPINE MICROSPHERES EMPLOYING PLACKETT AND BURMAN DESIGN

Objective: The present work was aimed to screen material and processing parameters affecting encapsulation efficiency and drug release from microspheres. Methods: Oxcarbazepine loaded microspheres were prepared employing multiple emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Ratio of chitosan to ethyl cellulose, ratio of drug to polymer, stirring speed, ratio of dichloromethane to methanol, amount of Span 80 and the volume of aqueous phase were selected as independent variables in the Plackett and Burman design. The microspheres were characterized for percentage yield, percentage encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution and in vitro drug release. Results: The critical material and processing parameters affecting encapsulation efficiency were chitosan to ethyl cellulose ratio, volume of water, stirring speed and drug to polymer ratio. Initial burst release was affected by volume of water, temperature, dichloromethane to methanol ratio, amount of Span 80 and drug to polymer ratio. FTIR study showed compatibility of the drug with excipients. Conclusion: The outcome of the study shall be used to calculate risk priority number (RPN) and for devising suitable control strategies for the critical factors at industry

Development and optimization of self microemulsifying drug delivery of domperidone

The present investigation is aimed to develop self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to improve the in vitro dissolution of a BCS (Biopharmaceutical Classification System) class II anti emetic agent, domperidone. Solubility study was performed to identify the ingredients showing highest solubility of domperidone. The ternary phase diagrams were plotted for selected components to identify the area of microemulsion existence. D-optimal mixture experimental design was applied to optimize a liquid SMEDDS using formulation variables; the oil phase X1 (Oleic acid), the surfactant X2 (Labrasol) and the co-surfactant X3 (Transcutol HP). The liquid SMEDDS were evaluated for droplet size, emulsification time, % transmittance and drug release. Stability study was performed at 40 °C/75% RH. Liquid formulation was solidified by adsorption on carrier Aerosil 300. Solid SMEDDS was evaluated and compared with liquid SMEDDS and marketed formulation. Oleic acid was selected as oil, Labrasol as surfactant and Transcutol HP as co-surfactant for formulation of SMEDDS. The optimized batch showed best results in terms of smaller droplet size (O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver sistemas de liberação auto-microemulsificantes (Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System - SMEDDS) de domperidona, agente antiemético, classe II, segundo o sistema de classificação Biofarmacêutica, para melhorar sua dissolução in vitro. Estudo foi realizado para identificar os componentes que revelaram maior solubilidade da domperidona. Determinaram-se os diagramas de fase ternários para esses componentes selecionados tendo em vista a identificação da região de formação da microemulsão. O planejamento experimental foi empregado para otimizar os SMEDDS líquidos, utilizando as seguintes variáveis de formulação: a fase oleosa X1 (ácido oleico), o agente tensoativo X2 (Labrasol) e co-tensoativo X3 (Transcutol HP). Os SMEDDS líquidos foram avaliados quanto às seguintes características: tamanho da gota, tempo de emulsificação,% de transmitância e liberação do fármaco. O estudo de estabilidade foi realizado a 40 °C/75% de umidade relativa. A formulação foi convertida em forma sólida por sua adsorção em Aerosil 300. Os SMEDDS sólidos foram avaliados e comparados com SMEDDS líquidos e a formulação comercializada. O ácido oléico foi selecionado para a fase oleosa, Labrasol como agente tensoativo e Transcutol como co-tensoativo para a formulação de SMEDDS. O lote otimizado mostrou os melhores resultados: menor tamanho de gota