Perceived Sensations in Architectural Spaces through Immersive Virtual Reality

[EN] To design architectural spaces that not only respond to the basic needs of users, but also seek their emotional well-being, it is necessary for the architecture students to have a special sensitivity and be aware of the different sensations that their designs should and can evoke. To achieve this competence without exploring real spaces, Immersive Virtual Reality technology offers an important contribution to the field of architecture. The purpose of this research is to determine if the sensations perceived in virtual architectural spaces by students are similar to the real ones and to determine the characteristics of this technology that allow a better perception of sensations. Six architectural modules were designed to be walked through and experienced at real scale using a Head Mounted Display by 22 students of the first and fifth year of studies of Architecture career in Peru. An ad-hoc questionnaire allowed to know the perceived sensations and the benefits of the tool. The results obtained showed that the perception of sensations of the fifth year students is a little closer to those expressed by a group of seven experts compared to that of the first year students and that the students consider the characteristics of accessibility, real scale of the space and the possibility of going through and looking at the space in all directions are those that have given more realism to the experience and therefore better perception of the space, while the characteristics of natural light and shadows, construction materials and external environment have been less valued in the realism of the experience. 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Dibujo tridimensional, percepción espacial y habilidades espaciales de estudiantes universitarios de primer año y de último año de la carrera de arquitectura usando realidad virtual inmersiva

Las investigaciones centradas en el uso de nuevas tecnologías en las aulas se han venido incrementando en los últimos años, en esta oportunidad nuestra principal motivación de investigación es analizar como el uso estás tecnologías favorecen en la mejora de las habilidades espaciales a través de la relación e importancia del dibujo tridimensional a mano alzada, la percepción espacial usando realidad virtual inmersiva en estudiantes de la carrera de arquitectura. Se realizaron dos investigaciones. En la primera investigación se analizó la mejora de las habilidades espaciales a través del croquis a escala real de espacios arquitectónicos en entornos virtuales inmersivos y analizar la percepción espacial en referencia a la captura de sensaciones espaciales en entornos virtuales inmersivos. En la segunda investigación relacionada con la primera se analizó la percepción de espacios dibujados en dos dimensiones, el dibujo de dichos espacios a través de croquis tridimensionales en Realidad Virtual inmersiva (IVR), y tanto la percepción de espacios bocetados en 3D como aquellos que también se modelan de forma realista en IVR. Los estudiantes de primero y quinto año de arquitectura pasaron por las cuatro fases del experimento: (a) la percepción de un espacio a partir de croquis 2D, (b) el dibujo de un espacio 3D a escala real en IVR, (c) la percepción de un espacio dibujado en 3D en IVR, y (d) la percepción del mismo espacio realistamente modelado en 3D en IVR. Para ambas investigaciones se obtuvieron los datos a través de cuestionarios y una hoja de calificación

Spatial Skills and Perceptions of Space: Representing 2D Drawings as 3D Drawings inside Immersive Virtual Reality

Rapid freehand drawings are of great importance in the early years of university studies of architecture, because both the physical characteristics of spaces and their sensory characteristics can be communicated through them. In order to draw architectural spaces, it is necessary to have the ability to visualize and manipulate them mentally, which leads us to the concept of spatial skills; but it also requires a development of spatial perception to express them in the drawings. The purpose of this research is to analyze the improvement of spatial skills through the full-scale sketching of architectural spaces in virtual immersive environments and to analyze spatial perception in reference to the capture of spatial sensations in virtual immersive environments. Spatial skills training was created based on the freehand drawing of architectural spaces using Head Mounted Displays (HMD) and registered the spatial sensations experienced also using HMD, but only in previously modeled realistic spaces. It was found that the training significantly improved orientation, rotation and visualization, and that the sensory journey and experimentation of architectural spaces realistically modeled in immersive virtual reality environments allows for the same sensations that the designer initially sought to convey