3,913 research outputs found
Spatial Release From Masking in Children: Effects of Simulated Unilateral Hearing Loss
The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to determine the effect of an acute simulated unilateral hearing loss on childrenβs spatial release from masking in two-talker speech and speech-shaped noise, and 2) to develop a procedure to be used in future studies that will assess spatial release from masking in children who have permanent unilateral hearing loss. There were three main predictions. First, spatial release from masking was expected to be larger in two-talker speech than speech-shaped noise. Second, simulated unilateral hearing loss was expected to worsen performance in all listening conditions, but particularly in the spatially separated two-talker speech masker. Third, spatial release from masking was expected to be smaller for children than for adults in the two-talker masker
Binaural advantages in users of bimodal and bilateral cochlear implant devices
This is the published version, also available here: http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4831955.This paper investigates to what extent users of bilateral and bimodal fittings should expect to benefit from all three different binaural advantages found to be present in normal-hearing listeners. Head-shadow and binaural squelch are advantages occurring under spatially separated speech and noise, while summation emerges when speech and noise coincide in space. For 14 bilateral or bimodal listeners, speech reception thresholds in the presence of four-talker babble were measured in sound-field under various speech and noise configurations. Statistical analysis revealed significant advantages of head-shadow and summation for both bilateral and bimodal listeners. Squelch was significant only for bimodal listeners
Evaluation of the Use of Lithium Compounds in Controlling Alkali-Silica Reactivity in Concrete Pavement
The Unspace Case: Developing a Maker Movement in a Multipurpose, Flexible Space, Library Setting
This paper presents the ongoing design, development, and implementation of a K-16 maker movement centered around a joint public school/university library whose minimal dedicated space has expanded opportunities for public participation, partnerships, and shared resources. As the library sought to circulate STEM resources for K-9 teachers and students in 2011, University instructors were seeking opportunities for preservice teachers to interact meaningfully with authentic, technology-rich environments. These separate endeavors coalesced over time to form a robust community of various school, university, and public stakeholders focused on mathematics and science learning. Because the space was not bound to a single physical location, proponents were able to leverage various resources, mobile tools, and settings to explore and apply STEM knowledge, construct products, and attract new and returning users. This design case articulates how the maker movement provides curricular programming while maintaining a playful atmosphere that encourages personal exploration regardless of age and ability
Development of temporal auditory processing in childhood: Changes in efficiency rather than temporal-modulation selectivity
The ability to detect amplitude modulation (AM) is essential to distinguish the spectro-temporal
features of speech from those of a competing masker. Previous work shows that AM sensitivity
improves until 10 years of age. This may relate to the development of sensory factors (tuning of
AM filters, susceptibility to AM masking) or to changes in processing efficiency (reduction in internal noise, optimization of decision strategies). To disentangle these hypotheses, three groups of
children (5β11 years) and one of young adults completed psychophysical tasks measuring thresholds for detecting sinusoidal AM (with a rate of 4, 8, or 32 Hz) applied to carriers whose inherent
modulations exerted different amounts of AM masking. Results showed that between 5 and 11
years, AM detection thresholds improved and that susceptibility to AM masking slightly increased.
However, the effects of AM rate and carrier were not associated with age, suggesting that sensory
factors are mature by 5 years. Subsequent modelling indicated that reducing internal noise by a factor 10 accounted for the observed developmental trends. Finally, childrenβs consonant identification
thresholds in noise related to some extent to AM sensitivity. Increased efficiency in AM detection
may support better use of temporal information in speech during childhood
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π³Π°Π½Π΄Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° 117 Ρ., 13 ΡΠΈΡ., 34 ΡΠ°Π±Π»., 16 ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², 1 ΠΏΡΠΈΠ». ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠ μ«ΠΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅μ», ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π³Π°Π½Π΄Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ-ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΈΡ.Final qualifying work 117 p., 13 fig., 34 tab., 16 Sources, Appendix 1. The object of research is the data provided by the Medical Association "Health", standardized questionnaires on deceased persons. The goal of the work to establish patterns in the existing statistics and data conducted in this study for further use in the corporate system of promoting a healthy lifestyle. The study was conducted a number of studies on the effect of smoking on mortality, the prevalence of smoking among the population, the impact of various factors on mortality from diseases of the circulatory systems, a review of methods of statistical analysis for medical research and practice them of use
Why is low waist-to-chest ratio attractive in males? The mediating roles of perceived dominance, fitness, and protection ability
Past research suggests that a lower waist-to-chest ratio (WCR) in men (i.e., narrower waist and broader chest) is viewed as attractive by women. However, little work has directly examined why low WCRs are preferred. The current work merged insights from theory and past research to develop a model examining perceived dominance, fitness, and protection ability as mediators of to WCR-attractiveness relationship. These mediators and their link to both short-term (sexual) and long-term (relational) attractiveness were simultaneously tested by having 151 women rate one of 15 avatars, created from 3D body scans. Men with lower WCR were perceived as more physically dominant, physically fit, and better able to protect loved ones; these characteristics differentially mediated the effect of WCR on short-term, long-term, and general attractiveness ratings. Greater understanding of the judgments women form regarding WCR may yield insights into motivations by men to manipulate their body image
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