On stabilization of bilinear uncertain time-delay stochastic systems with Markovian jumping parameters

Copyright [2002] IEEE. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of Brunel University's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.In this paper, we investigate the stochastic stabilization problem for a class of bilinear continuous time-delay uncertain systems with Markovian jumping parameters. Specifically, the stochastic bilinear jump system under study involves unknown state time-delay, parameter uncertainties, and unknown nonlinear deterministic disturbances. The jumping parameters considered here form a continuous-time discrete-state homogeneous Markov process. The whole system may be regarded as a stochastic bilinear hybrid system that includes both time-evolving and event-driven mechanisms. Our attention is focused on the design of a robust state-feedback controller such that, for all admissible uncertainties as well as nonlinear disturbances, the closed-loop system is stochastically exponentially stable in the mean square, independent of the time delay. Sufficient conditions are established to guarantee the existence of desired robust controllers, which are given in terms of the solutions to a set of either linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), or coupled quadratic matrix inequalities. The developed theory is illustrated by numerical simulatio

Impact of time to appropriate therapy on mortality in patients with vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus infection

Despite the increasing incidence of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) infections, few studies have examined the impact of delay in receipt of appropriate antimicrobial therapy on outcomes in VISA patients. We examined the effects of timing of appropriate antimicrobial therapy in a cohort of patients with sterile-site methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and VISA infections. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, we identified all patients with MRSA or VISA sterile-site infections from June 2009 to February 2015. Clinical outcomes were compared according to MRSA/VISA classification, demographics, comorbidities, and antimicrobial treatment. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was modeled with Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariate logistic regression analysis (MVLRA) was used to determine odds ratios for mortality. We identified 354 patients with MRSA (n = 267) or VISA (n = 87) sterile-site infection. Fifty-five patients (15.5%) were nonsurvivors. Factors associated with mortality in MVLRA included pneumonia, unknown source of infection, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score, solid-organ malignancy, and admission from skilled care facilities. Time to appropriate antimicrobial therapy was not significantly associated with outcome. Presence of a VISA infection compared to that of a non-VISA S. aureus infection did not result in excess mortality. Linezolid use was a risk for mortality in patients with APACHE II scores of ≥14. Our results suggest that empirical vancomycin use in patients with VISA infections does not result in excess mortality. Future studies should (i) include larger numbers of patients with VISA infections to confirm the findings presented here and (ii) determine the optimal antibiotic therapy for critically ill patients with MRSA and VISA infections

Augmented renal clearance is not a risk factor for mortality in Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections treated with appropriate empiric antimicrobials

The main objective of the study was to assess whether augmented renal clearance was a risk factor for mortality in a cohort of patients with Enterobacteriaceae sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock that all received appropriate antimicrobial therapy within 12 hours. Using a retrospective cohort from Barnes-Jewish Hospital, a 1,250-bed teaching hospital, we collected data on individuals with Enterobacteriaceae sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock who received appropriate initial antimicrobial therapy between June 2009 and December 2013. Clinical outcomes were compared according to renal clearance, as assessed by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formulas, sepsis classification, demographics, severity of illness, and comorbidities. We identified 510 patients with Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia and sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock. Sixty-seven patients (13.1%) were nonsurvivors. Augmented renal clearance was uncommon (5.1% of patients by MDRD and 3.0% by CKD-EPI) and was not associated with increased mortality. Our results are limited by the absence of prospective determination of augmented renal clearance. However, in this small cohort, augmented renal clearance as assessed by MDRD and CKD-EPI does not seem to be a risk factor for mortality in patients with Enterobacteriaceae sepsis. Future studies should assess this finding prospectively

1909 Some of the Influences Which Led to the Founding of the Normal University

1909 paper by J.H. Burnham and delivered at the 1909 Founder\u27s Day Banquet. Outlines some of the influences which lead to ISU\u27s founding.https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/founding/1005/thumbnail.jp

Sulfanilamide in Wound Healing

A large purebred collie was admitted to the Glendale Small Animal Hospital, Glendale, California, having an ulcerated area circumscribing the left eye