891 research outputs found

    Revitalisation de la langue malécite

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    L’archĂ©ologie des MalĂ©cites : PassĂ©, prĂ©sent et futur

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    Cet article a pour but d’évaluer l’état actuel de l’archĂ©ologie prĂ©historique (prĂ©-contact) du bassin versant de la riviĂšre Saint-Jean, et en particulier la haute et moyenne vallĂ©e. Cette rĂ©gion fait partie du territoire ancestral des MalĂ©cites. L’auteur dĂ©finit d’abord comment l’archĂ©ologue conçoit une archĂ©ologie propre au peuple malĂ©cite. Il prĂ©sente ensuite un aperçu de l’histoire de la recherche archĂ©ologique dans les rĂ©gions du Maine, du QuĂ©bec et du Nouveau-Brunswick qui touchent au bassin de la riviĂšre Saint-Jean. L’état actuel de la recherche archĂ©ologique (les acteurs, les institutions, les projets et questions de recherche) est prĂ©sentĂ© ainsi qu’une synthĂšse des caractĂ©ristiques de l’archĂ©ologie de la rĂ©gion telles qu’on les connaĂźt aujourd’hui. Les lacunes mais aussi les points forts de l’archĂ©ologie de la riviĂšre Saint-Jean sont identifiĂ©s, et quelques recommandations sont formulĂ©es concernant le dĂ©veloppement de l’archĂ©ologie des MalĂ©cites.The purpose of this article is to assess the current state of prehistoric, or pre-contact, archaeology in the St. John River Valley, and in ­particular the upper and middle St. John. This region is part of the ancestral territory of the Maliseet nation. I start by addressing the challenges faced by the archaeo­logist in defining an archaeology of the Maliseet people. I follow this with a history of archaeological research in those regions of Maine, QuĂ©bec and New Brunswick that are part of the St. John River Valley. The current state of archaeology is presented (the actors, the institutions, the research projects and questions), along with a summary of what characterizes the archaeology of this region today. Some lacunae in past and current research can be ­identified, but there are also many areas where the archaeology of the St. John is healthy and rich in data. I conclude the article with some recommendations for the future development of Maliseet archaeology

    The Federal Reserve's Primary Dealer Credit Facility

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    As liquidity conditions in the "repo market"--the market where broker-dealers obtain financing for their securities--deteriorated following the near-bankruptcy of Bear Stearns in March 2008, the Federal Reserve took the step of creating a special facility to provide overnight loans to dealers that have a trading relationship with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Six months later, in the wake of new strains in the repo market, the Fed expanded the facility by broadening the types of collateral accepted for loans. Both initiatives were designed to help restore the orderly functioning of the market and to prevent the spillover of distress to other financial firms.Federal Reserve Bank of New York ; Loans ; Financial crises ; Brokers

    Retrograde

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    Retrograde is a feature film screenplay that follows a disagreement between a police officer and a young woman who hold different interpretations of an incident leading to a traffic citation. After a jarring interaction with a police officer leaves her with a ticket for unsafe driving, Molly challenges the citation through the justice system. This battle bleeds into her personal life when Gabrielle, her housemate and key witness, doesn't come to her aid and seems to believe the official version of events. Molly refuses to pay the fine, and struggles to stand up to the system and hold the police officer accountable. When her drivers license is at stake, Molly must decide if her ideals are more important than her comfortable commuter lifestyle. Retrograde is a dryly comic, layered exploration of accountability, justice, truth, and institutional power dynamics

    PrĂ©sentation : Les MalĂ©cites Ă  l’aube du xxie siĂšcle

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    Circulation et provenance des matériaux dans les sociétés anciennes

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    Le livre est composé de 20 chapitres : une introduction, trois chapitres qui touchent aux matiÚres lithiques (obsidienne et pierres de construction), cinq chapitres qui couvrent les analyses des minerais métallifÚres et métaux (alliages ferreux et cuivreux, or, argent, plomb et métal monnayé), trois chapitres sur les céramiques et porcelaines, un chapitre sur le verre (LA-ICP-MS), un chapitre sur les substances naturelles organiques (bitume, ambre, goudron), et finalement six chapitres qui ex..

    Circulation et provenance des matériaux dans les sociétés anciennes

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    Le livre est composé de 20 chapitres : une introduction, trois chapitres qui touchent aux matiÚres lithiques (obsidienne et pierres de construction), cinq chapitres qui couvrent les analyses des minerais métallifÚres et métaux (alliages ferreux et cuivreux, or, argent, plomb et métal monnayé), trois chapitres sur les céramiques et porcelaines, un chapitre sur le verre (LA-ICP-MS), un chapitre sur les substances naturelles organiques (bitume, ambre, goudron), et finalement six chapitres qui ex..

    Mackenzie Inuit Lithic Raw Material Procurement in the Lower Mackenzie Valley: The Importance of Social Factors

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    Oral and written historical records indicate that the Mackenzie Inuit traveled up the Mackenzie River from the Arctic Coast to procure lithic raw material in the interior from a quarry at the mouth of the Thunder River, which is known locally by the Gwich’in of the lower Mackenzie Valley as Vihtr’ii Tshik. We evaluate this proposition using non-destructive polarized energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence to compare the geochemical signatures of the lithic raw material from Vihtr’ii Tshik (MiTi-1) and flakes and tools from the Mackenzie Inuit village of Kuukpak (NiTs-1), which is located more than 400 km downriver of the quarry source. The concentrations of nine selected elements—three major elements expressed as oxides (SiO2, Fe2O3T, and K2O) and six trace elements expressed as metals (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, and Ce)—are compared using descriptive statistics, spider diagrams, and principal components analysis. The geochemical effects of chemical weathering on the surfaces of artifacts are evaluated by measuring element concentrations before and after removal of the weathering rind from select artifacts. The results of our analyses demonstrate that the lithic raw material available at Vihtr’ii Tshik is best characterized as chert, and that 86% of the flakes and tools from Kuukpak analyzed in this study are chemically similar to the raw material from Vihtr’ii Tshik. Historical records and archaeological data indicate that the people of Kuukpak traversed a complex social landscape to obtain stone from Vihtr’ii Tshik through direct procurement.Les traditions orales et Ă©crites historiques indiquent que les Inuits du Mackenzie remontaient le fleuve Mackenzie en quittant la cĂŽte arctique et allant vers l’intĂ©rieur des terres afin d’obtenir de la matiĂšre premiĂšre lithique d’une carriĂšre qui se trouvait prĂšs de l’embouchure de la riviĂšre Thunder. Les Gwich’in de la basse vallĂ©e du Mackenzie appellent cet endroit Vihtr’ii Tshik. Nous Ă©valuons ces rĂ©vĂ©lations en utilisant la technique de fluorescence par rayons X en mode dispersion d’énergie (gĂ©omĂ©trie polarisante, mĂ©thode non destructive) afin de comparer les signatures gĂ©ochimiques des roches trouvĂ©es Ă  la carriĂšre Vihtr’ii Tshik (MiTi-1) avec celles des Ă©clats et des outils en pierre provenant d’un site villageois inuit appelĂ© Kuukpak (NiTs-1) qui se trouve Ă  400 km en aval de la carriĂšre. Les concentrations de neuf Ă©lĂ©ments chimiques — trois Ă©lĂ©ments majeurs exprimĂ©s sous la forme d’oxydes (SiO2, Fe2O3T et K2O) et six Ă©lĂ©ments traces exprimĂ©s sous la forme de mĂ©taux (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba et Ce) — sont utilisĂ©es pour calculer des statistiques descriptives et des diagrammes-araignĂ©es, et rĂ©aliser une analyse multivariĂ©e par composantes principales. Nous Ă©valuons aussi les effets gĂ©ochimiques causĂ©s par l’intempĂ©risation de la surface des artefacts en mesurant les concentrations d’élĂ©ments avant et aprĂšs l’enlĂšvement de celle-ci sur des artefacts sĂ©lectionnĂ©s. Les rĂ©sultats de nos analyses chimiques dĂ©montrent que la roche provenant de la carriĂšre Vihtr’ii Tshik est un chert, et que 86 % des Ă©clats et outils analysĂ©s dans cette Ă©tude provenant du site villageois Kuukpak montrent des affinitĂ©s gĂ©ochimiques au chert de cette carriĂšre. Les documents historiques et les donnĂ©es archĂ©ologiques nous indiquent que les gens de Kuukpak devaient naviguer Ă  travers une gĂ©ographie culturelle complexe afin de se procurer directement le chert de la carriĂšre de Vihtr’ii Tshik

    Chondral Lesion in the Hip Joint and Current Chondral Repair Techniques

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    This chapter gives a detailed review of the composition, structure and biomechanics of articular cartilage in the joint. W have looked at the most common types of cartilage lesions and at the existing methods of articular cartilage repair techniques in the hip joint. Articular cartilage is specialized hyaline cartilage which makes a firm, smooth and slippery surface that resists plastic deformation. It has a unique structure and mechanical properties that provide joints with a surface that combines low friction, shock absorption and wear resistance, while bearing large repetitive loads throughout an individual’s lifetime. Cartilage lesions in the hip are most common on the acetabular side and typically present as focal area of delamination or chondral flap. Joint preserving techniques are becoming increasingly common. The spectrum of options includes palliative procedures such as joint lavage and chondral debridement, reparative procedures such as microfracture and direct chondral repair, and restorative procedures such as mosaicoplasty. Preservation of the host tissue is most attractive solution to cartilage damage, particularly in young active individuals. Tissue engineering offers one solution but many problems have to be overcome before these techniques become a reality
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