21 research outputs found
Effects of plant growth regulators on callogenesis and embryogenesis in sarnav and desiree potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties
Somatic embryos play a pivotal role in the production of high-quality potatoes and seed breeding. This study focused on determining the concentrations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) in the formation of callus tissue and callus induction. Our goal was to assess the efficiency of potato explants with the highest potential for somatic embryo production. To achieve this, we cultivated Sarnav and Desiree potato varieties under in vitro tissue culture conditions, utilizing the obtained tissue cultures for subsequent experiments. The MS nutrient media were enriched with NAA and BAP at ratios of 1.5: 1, 1: 1.5, and 1: 1 mg/L, along with NAA concentrations of 1.5, 1, or 2 mg/L. Somatic embryogenesis experiments were conducted using various MS nutrient media, enriched with BAP and GA3 at concentrations of 1: 0.5, 0.4: 0.1, 0.5: 0.2, and 0.1: 0.1 mg/L of plant growth regulators. During the course of the study, diverse callus formations were observed in both leaf and internodal stem explants. Among the nutrient media, the M2 medium enriched with 1: 1.5 mg/L of NAA and BAP yielded the highest callus formation rates: 92% for the Desiree variety and 100% for the Sarnav variety, specifically in internodal stem explants. Notably, the index of embryo formation in leaf explants selected for somatic embryogenesis within the SE4 medium was 70% for the Sarnav variety and 65% for the Desiree variety. The inclusion of BAP and GA3 at a ratio of 0.1: 0.1 mg/l in the SE4 nutrient medium resulted in somatic embryogenesis in 80% of calli for the Sarnav variety and 78% for the Desiree variety. These findings underscore the potential for regenerating plants through somatic embryogenesis in the Sarnav potato variety, a significant development with implications for genetic transformation studies involving this particular variety
Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Society of Surgeons, the Russian Gastroenterological Association, the Association of Surgeons-Hepatologists and the Endoscopic Society βREndOβ on Diagnostics and Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis
Aim: to present modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis for gastroenterologists, general practitioners and physicians.Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a long-term inflammatory disease of the pancreas, manifested by irreversible morphological changes in the parenchyma and pancreatic ducts, which cause pain and/or persistent impairment of function. Current concept on the etiology of CP is reflected by the TIGAR-O classification. The criteria for establishing the diagnosis of CP include typical attacks of abdominal pain and/or clinical and laboratory signs of exocrine, endocrine insufficiency with the mandatory detection of characteristic morphological changes (calcifications in the parenchyma and pancreatic ductal stones, dilatation of the main pancreatic duct and its branches). CT, MRCP, and pancreatobiliary endosonography are recommended as the methods of choice to verify the diagnosis of CP. Conservative treatment of patients with CP is provided for symptom relief and prevention of complications. Individual cases withΒ severe non-interactable abdominal pain, as well as a complicated course of the disease (development of ductal hypertension due to main pancreatic duct stones or strictures, obstructive jaundice caused by compression of the common bile duct, symptomatic postnecrotic cysts, portal hypertension due to compression of the portal vein or thrombosis of the splenic vein, persistent duodenal obstruction, pseudoaneurysm of the celiac trunk basin and the superior mesenteric artery) serve as an indication for endoscopic or surgical treatment. The Guidelines set out modern approaches to the diagnosis, conservative, endoscopic and surgical treatment of CP, and the prevention of its complications.Conclusion. The implementation of clinical guidelines can contribute to the timely diagnosis and improve the quality of medical care for patients with chronic pancreatitis
The Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis: Enzyme replacement therapy
The Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis has been prepared on the initiative of the Russian Pancreatology Club to clarify and consolidate the opinions of Russian specialists (gastroenterologists, surgeons, and pediatricians) on the most significant problems of diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis. This article continues a series of publications explaining the most significant interdisciplinary consensus statements and deals with enzyme replacement therapy
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ/Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ , ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ SARS-CoV-2
Aim. To determine ultrasound, computed tomography and angiographic image characteristics for soft tissue hemorrhages/hematomas, the sequence of using imaging methods in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, to study the morphology of changes in soft tissues, to determine the essence of the concept and to develop treatment tactics for this complication of COVID-19.Material and methods. During 4 months of treatment of elderly patients (+60) infected with SARS-CoV-2, 40 patients were identified with soft tissue hemorrhages/hematomas, of which 26 (65%) patients with large hematomas (>10 cm in size and > 1000 ml in volume). The analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters, methods of instrumental diagnostics (ultrasound β 26 patients, CT β 10 patients, angiography β 9 patients, punctures β 6 patients) was carried out; autopsy material was studied in 11 cases.Results. Image characteristics of hemorrhages/hematomas of soft tissue density were obtained using modern instrumental methods, and the sequence of application of visualization methods was determined. A tactic for managing a patient with stopped and ongoing bleeding has been developed. The morphological substrate of hemorrhagic complications in a new viral infection was studied. All patients were treated with conservative and minimally invasive procedures (embolization, puncture with pressure bandage). 15 patients (57.7%) recovered, 11 patients (42.3%) died from the progression of COVID-19 complications.Conclusion. Comprehensive clinical and laboratory sequential instrumental diagnosis of soft tissue hemorrhages in COVID-19. Treatment should be conservative and significantly invasive. The use of the term βsoft tissue hematomaβ in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is not a natural quality of the normal pathological process and should not be observed from our point of view.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ/Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
SARS-CoV-2, ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ COVID-19.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ° 4 ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
(+60), ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
SARS-CoV-2, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ 40 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ/Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
26 (65%) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ >10 ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ> 1000 ΠΌΠ»). ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π£ΠΠ β 26 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΠ’ β 10 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ β 9 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ β 6 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²), Π² 11 ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ/Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (ΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π°Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ). ΠΡΠ·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ 15 (57,7%) ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ COVID-19 11 (42,3%) Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ COVID-19-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° βΠ³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°β ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
SARS-CoV-2 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ, Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ
RNA Interference for Functional Genomics and Improvement of Cotton (Gossypium sp.)
RNA interference (RNAi), is a powerful new technology in the discovery of genetic sequence functions, and has become a valuable tool for functional genomics of cotton (Gossypium ssp.). The rapid adoption of RNAi has replaced previous antisense technology. RNAi has aided in the discovery of function and biological roles of many key cotton genes involved in fiber development, fertility and somatic embryogenesis, resistance to important biotic and abiotic stresses, and oil and seed quality improvements as well as the key agronomic traits including yield and maturity. Here, we have comparatively reviewed seminal research efforts in previously used antisense approaches and currently applied breakthrough RNAi studies in cotton, analyzing developed RNAi methodologies, achievements, limitations, and future needs in functional characterizations of cotton genes. We also highlighted needed efforts in the development of RNAi-based cotton cultivars, and their safety and risk assessment, small and large-scale field trials, and commercialisation
Improvement of callogenesis and somatic embryogenesis by selecting optimal hormonal balance in Sarnav and Desiree potato varieties
Callus formation and somatic embryogenesis in potato varieties are effective ways to obtain an entire plant from a single cell. The implementation of embryogenesis is widely used in improving plant materials and creating new biotechnological varieties. In our research, the optimum level of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) was determined in the formation of callus tissue in the local Sarnav potato variety, and the Desiree variety taken as a control. Leaf and stem explants were used in the processes of callus tissue formation and somatic embryogenesis of both varieties. We tried various plant growth regulators for callus formation and somatic embryogenesis in different ratios. The 1 mg/L NAA and 1.5 mg/L BAP were established as the best option for callus formation resulting in 92 and 100% development of callus in internodes of Desiree and Sarnav varieties, respectively. The 0.1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3) resulted in almost 80% development of somatic embryogenesis in both varieties and were found as the most optimum option. These results showed that regenerated plants can be obtained from the Sarnav potato variety by somatic embryogenesis. This method can be applied to the Sarnav variety for genetic transformation studies