Hepatoprotective effects of BPC-157 - paracetamol overdose

Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a widely used medication to treat pain and fever. As it’s one of the over-the-counter medications, it’s easily accessible to everyone. Its mechanism of action is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS to reduce hyperalgesia. It also influences the thermoregulatory center in the hypothalamus and lowers fever. 90-95% of paracetamol is metabolized in the liver where it’s conjugated with glucuronic acid and sulfates into inactive metabolites, and the rest via cytochrome-p450. Its main side effect is hepatotoxicity and acute liver injury. Here we investigate the hepatoprotective effects of BPC-157 while administering a toxic dose of paracetamol intraperitoneally in rats

The effects of a varying doses of pilocarpine and lithium induced status epilepticus, and treatment with BPC-157

Peptadecapeptide BPC -157 has been reported to have a large spectrum of in vivo activities, from anti-ulcer to central action on the brain dopaminergic system, in addition to the aforementioned, BPC-157 might counteract standard convulsant induced seizures, insulin-, paracetamol-, alcohol withdrawal- and serotonin-syndrome-induced convulsion. The pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy uses a cholinomimetic convulsant, pilocarpine, to induce status epilepticus; as a result, hippocampal damage occurs thus resulting in the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures. In rats, pilocarpine can be administered with lithium, thus significantly reducing the pilocarpine dose required to induce status epilepticus and resulting in a higher percentage of animals developing status epilepticus

Effect of Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on Hypercalcaemia in Rats

Isolated from gastric juice stable pentadecapeptide BPC 157 has already shown cytoprotective and organoprotective properties. Beneficial effects of BPC 157 on various organic systems such as cardiovascular, digestive, skeletomuscular system have already been proven. Focus of this research is hypercalcaemia and its effects on general function of the organism, ECG and haemodynamic and their presentation after BPC 157 administration

Strengthening Resilience of Preschool Children throughPreschool Institution

Temeljni cilj ovoga rada je steći uvid u otpornost djece te na koji način predškolska ustanova može pridonijeti jačanju dječje otpornosti. Kao uvod u temu, opširno je definiran sam pojam otpornosti te opisan mentalni sklop otpornog djeteta. Zatim su nabrojani brojni rizični i zaštitni čimbenici čija interakcija ima odlučujuću ulogu u razvoju otpornosti. Ti se čimbenici dijele na one unutarnje – individualne te vanjske – okolina. Postoje određene skupine djece koje su ranjivije i ugroženije od ostalih te za koje je vjerojatnije da će razviti rizična ponašanja, a to su romska djeca, djeca izbjeglica i useljenika te djeca s posebnim potrebama. Kurikul otpornosti, o kojemu je riječ u ovome radu, je osmišljen kao univerzalan i inkluzivan program namijenjen svoj djeci, a posebice ranjivoj i ugroženoj. Teme i aktivnosti u ovome kurikulu odražavaju različitost djece te se na taj način potiče razvoj tolerancije i solidarnosti kod djece. U radu se ističe koliko je u djetetovu razvoju važna uloga odgajatelja koji mora pružati socijalnu i emocionalnu potporu. Također, naglasak se stavlja i na potrebu za suradnjom sustava koji su djetetu najbliži, a to su obitelj i odgojno-obrazovna ustanova. Ključni dio rada odnosi se na opis odgojno-obrazovnog okruženja koje je povoljno za poticanje otpornosti kod djece, a sastavnice takvog okruženja su sljedeće: brižni odnosi, kultura podrške i solidarnosti, aktivni i iskreni angažman, inkluzija i uspjeh za sve, suradnja i timski rad te izbor i glas. Također, prikazan je jedan noviji pristup koji na otpornost gleda kao na jednu od četiri temeljne odrednice pozitivno oblikovana mozga, a ostale odrednice su empatija, ravnoteža i uviđavnost.The basic objective of this paper is to gain insight to the resilience of children and how a preschool can contribute to strengthening children's resilience. As an introduction to the topic, the very concept of resilience is defined and the mental frame of a resilient child is described. Then, a number of risk and protective factors are listed, whose interaction plays a decisive role in the development of resilience. These factors are divided into those internal – individual and external – environment. There are certain groups of children who are more vulnerable and threatened than others and who are more likely to develop risky behaviors, such as Roma children, refugee and immigrant children and children with special needs. The Resilience curriculum discussed in this paper is designed as a universal and inclusive program intended for all children, especially the vulnerable and threatened. The topics and activities in this curriculum reflect the diversity of children and thus encourage the development of tolerance and solidarity in children. The paper emphasizes the importance of the role of the preschool teachers in the child's development, who must provide social and emotional support. Emphasis is also placed on the need for the cooperation of the systems closest to the child, which are the family and the educational institution. A key part of the paper concerns the description of an educational environment that is conducive to fostering resilience in children, and the components of such an environment are the following: caring relationships, a culture of support and solidarity, active and genuine engagement, inclusion and success for all, collaboration and teamwork and choice and voice. Also, a more recent approach is presented that views resilience as one of the four basic determinants of a positively shaped brain, while the other determinants are empathy, balance and insight

Means of the primary school pupils leisure pursuing

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati učenike trećih i četvrtih razreda osnovne škole o načinima provođenja slobodnog vremena, zadovoljstvo roditelja ponudom sadržaja u lokalnoj i regionalnoj zajednici te njihove prijedloge za poboljšanje kvalitete slobodnog vremena djece. U istraživanju su sudjelovali učenici trećih i četvrtih razreda i njihovi roditelji. Rezultati su pokazali da većina učenika sudjeluje u izvannastavnim aktivnostima i to najviše iz sportsko-rekreacijskog i jezično-umjetničkog područja te sudjeluju i u izvanškolskim aktivnostima u kojima prevladavaju sportovi kao što su nogomet, odbojka, plivanje, gimnastika i sl. Učenici se u slobodno vrijeme najviše vole igrati s prijateljima/prijateljicama, a najdraža aktivnost s prijateljima je igra. Na skali od 1 do 10 učenici su većinom odabrali da igrice na računalu i mobitelu vole 5, a najdraža aktivnost s obitelji je šetnja. Nadalje, prema odgovorima roditelja može se zaključiti da roditelji nisu sasvim zadovoljni ponudom u lokalnoj i regionalnoj zajednici te bi se na temelju prijedloga roditelja trebalo poraditi na raznovrsnosti ponude što se tiče aktivnosti i sadržaja za djecu i prostorima za održavanje aktivnosti kao što su to dvorane, igrališta i centri. Između ostalog, jedan od prijedloga su i radionice s roditeljima kako bi se stvorila i ojačala komunikacija između škole i roditelja te kroz izlete, pokretanje zadataka, projekata i društveno odgovornih akcija.The aim of the research was to examine the third and fourth graders of elementary school about the ways of spending their free time, parents' satisfaction with the content offered in the local and regional community, and their suggestions for improving the quality of children's free time. Third and fourth grade students and their parents participated in the research. The results showed that most students participate in extracurricular activities, mostly in the sports-recreational and language-artistic fields, and they also participate in out-of-school activities in which sports such as football, volleyball, swimming, gymnastics, etc. predominate. In their free time, students mostly like to play with friends, and their favorite activity with friends is playing. On a scale from 1 to 10, most students chose that they like computer and cell phone games at 5, and their favorite activity with their family is going for a walk. Furthermore, according to the parents' answers, it can be concluded that parents are not completely satisfied with the offer in the local and regional community, and based on the parents' suggestions, work should be done on the diversity of the offer in terms of activities and content for children and spaces for holding activities such as gyms, playgrounds, and centers. Among other things, one of the suggestions are workshops with parents to create and strengthen communication between the school and parents through trips, starting tasks, projects, and socially responsible actions

Prevencija i fizioterapija najčešćih ozljeda u rukometu

Kombinirajući brzinu, snagu, izdržljivost, agilnost, tehničku preciznost, vještinu i timski rad, rukomet je postao jedan od najbržih i najuzbudljivijih olimpijskih sportova. Rukomet karakterizira intenzivan kontakt tijela, često isprekidano trčanje, zahtjevne situacije jedan na jedan, brze promjene smjera u kombinaciji s izazovnom tehnikom i elementima koordinacije poput hvatanja, bacanja, dodavanja i driblinga. Većina ozljeda događa se tijekom utakmica, posebice u situacijama jedan na jedan, tj. tjelesnim kontaktom. Najviše je ozljeda donjih ekstremiteta, zatim ozljeda glave i gornjih ekstremiteta. Pokazalo se da vježbe neuromuskularnog zagrijavanja sprječavaju ozljede. U biti, neuromuskularno zagrijavanje je oblik vježbe koji trenira živce i mišiće da bolje reagiraju i komuniciraju. Zagrijavanje uključuju izvođenje vježbi nižim intenzitetom i sporijim tempom, što poboljšava sportsku izvedbu, sprječava ozljede i pomaže u oporavku. Zagrijavanje u biti govori tijelu da se pripremi za vježbu s laganim intenzitetom ili laganim pokretima. Prevencija ozljeda trebala bi biti važan dio svake tjelesne aktivnosti jer ne samo da pomaže u postizanju ciljeva treninga, već također održava osobu zdravom i sigurnom

The relationship of parents' well-being with children's resilience

Tema ovog diplomskog rada je povezanost dobrobiti roditelja s psihološkom otpornosti djece. Ciljevi rada bili su ispitati povezanost dobrobiti roditelja (sreća i životno zadovoljstvo) s psihološkom otpornosti djece te ispitati koje od uzetih varijabli (dob, stupanj obrazovanja, broj djece, COVID-19 kriza i potresi) su povezane s otpornosti roditelja. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 225 ispitanika, roditelja djece u dobi od 2 do 7 godina. Podatci za potrebe istraživanja prikupljeni su tijekom svibnja i lipnja 2021. godine putem online upitnika. Glavni dio upitnika sastojao se od dva već postojeća upitnika: Connor-Davidson skala otpornosti od 10 čestica i Mjera otpornosti djece i mladih – revidirana verzija za najupućeniju osobu. Osim toga, ispitane su sociodemografske karakteristike roditelja te su prikupljeni podatci o sreći, zadovoljstvu životom, razini stresa u protekloj godini te utjecaju COVID-19 krize i potresa na roditelje. Rezultati dobiveni istraživanjem upućuju na pozitivnu povezanost između psihološke otpornosti roditelja i njihove djece, kao i na pozitivnu povezanost između sreće i životnog zadovoljstva roditelja te otpornosti njihove djece. Nadalje, pokazalo se da ne postoji povezanost između otpornosti roditelja te sljedećih varijabli: dob roditelja, stupanj obrazovanja, broj djece, potresi. Međutim, potvrđena je pretpostavka da će roditelji veće psihološke otpornosti doživjeti COVID-19 krizu manje stresno nego roditelji slabije psihološke otpornosti.The aim of this paper is the relationship of parents' well-being with children's resilience. The objectives of this research were to examine the relationship between wellbeing of parents (happiness and life satisfaction) and psychological resilience of children and to examine which of the taken variables (age, level of education, number of children, COVID19 crisis and earthquakes) were related to parental resilience. The research was conducted on a sample of 225 respondents, parents of children aged 2 to 7 years. Data for the purposes of the research was collected during May and June 2021 through an online questionnaire. The main part of the questionnaire consisted of two pre-existing questionnaires: The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and The Child and Youth Resilience Measure – Revised Person Most Knowledgeable version. In addition, the sociodemographic characteristics of parents were examined and data on happiness, life satisfaction, stress levels in the past year and the impact of the COVID-19 crisis and earthquake on parents was collected. The results obtained by the research suggest a positive correlation between the psychological resilience of parents and their children, as well as the positive correlation between happiness and life satisfaction of parents and the resilience of their children. Furthermore, there was no correlation between parental resilience and the following variables: parental age, education level, number of children, earthquakes. However, the hypothesis was confirmed that parents of higher psychological resilience would experience the COVID-19 crisis less stressfully than parents of weaker psychological resilience

Means of the primary school pupils leisure pursuing

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati učenike trećih i četvrtih razreda osnovne škole o načinima provođenja slobodnog vremena, zadovoljstvo roditelja ponudom sadržaja u lokalnoj i regionalnoj zajednici te njihove prijedloge za poboljšanje kvalitete slobodnog vremena djece. U istraživanju su sudjelovali učenici trećih i četvrtih razreda i njihovi roditelji. Rezultati su pokazali da većina učenika sudjeluje u izvannastavnim aktivnostima i to najviše iz sportsko-rekreacijskog i jezično-umjetničkog područja te sudjeluju i u izvanškolskim aktivnostima u kojima prevladavaju sportovi kao što su nogomet, odbojka, plivanje, gimnastika i sl. Učenici se u slobodno vrijeme najviše vole igrati s prijateljima/prijateljicama, a najdraža aktivnost s prijateljima je igra. Na skali od 1 do 10 učenici su većinom odabrali da igrice na računalu i mobitelu vole 5, a najdraža aktivnost s obitelji je šetnja. Nadalje, prema odgovorima roditelja može se zaključiti da roditelji nisu sasvim zadovoljni ponudom u lokalnoj i regionalnoj zajednici te bi se na temelju prijedloga roditelja trebalo poraditi na raznovrsnosti ponude što se tiče aktivnosti i sadržaja za djecu i prostorima za održavanje aktivnosti kao što su to dvorane, igrališta i centri. Između ostalog, jedan od prijedloga su i radionice s roditeljima kako bi se stvorila i ojačala komunikacija između škole i roditelja te kroz izlete, pokretanje zadataka, projekata i društveno odgovornih akcija.The aim of the research was to examine the third and fourth graders of elementary school about the ways of spending their free time, parents' satisfaction with the content offered in the local and regional community, and their suggestions for improving the quality of children's free time. Third and fourth grade students and their parents participated in the research. The results showed that most students participate in extracurricular activities, mostly in the sports-recreational and language-artistic fields, and they also participate in out-of-school activities in which sports such as football, volleyball, swimming, gymnastics, etc. predominate. In their free time, students mostly like to play with friends, and their favorite activity with friends is playing. On a scale from 1 to 10, most students chose that they like computer and cell phone games at 5, and their favorite activity with their family is going for a walk. Furthermore, according to the parents' answers, it can be concluded that parents are not completely satisfied with the offer in the local and regional community, and based on the parents' suggestions, work should be done on the diversity of the offer in terms of activities and content for children and spaces for holding activities such as gyms, playgrounds, and centers. Among other things, one of the suggestions are workshops with parents to create and strengthen communication between the school and parents through trips, starting tasks, projects, and socially responsible actions

The relationship of parents' well-being with children's resilience

Tema ovog diplomskog rada je povezanost dobrobiti roditelja s psihološkom otpornosti djece. Ciljevi rada bili su ispitati povezanost dobrobiti roditelja (sreća i životno zadovoljstvo) s psihološkom otpornosti djece te ispitati koje od uzetih varijabli (dob, stupanj obrazovanja, broj djece, COVID-19 kriza i potresi) su povezane s otpornosti roditelja. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 225 ispitanika, roditelja djece u dobi od 2 do 7 godina. Podatci za potrebe istraživanja prikupljeni su tijekom svibnja i lipnja 2021. godine putem online upitnika. Glavni dio upitnika sastojao se od dva već postojeća upitnika: Connor-Davidson skala otpornosti od 10 čestica i Mjera otpornosti djece i mladih – revidirana verzija za najupućeniju osobu. Osim toga, ispitane su sociodemografske karakteristike roditelja te su prikupljeni podatci o sreći, zadovoljstvu životom, razini stresa u protekloj godini te utjecaju COVID-19 krize i potresa na roditelje. Rezultati dobiveni istraživanjem upućuju na pozitivnu povezanost između psihološke otpornosti roditelja i njihove djece, kao i na pozitivnu povezanost između sreće i životnog zadovoljstva roditelja te otpornosti njihove djece. Nadalje, pokazalo se da ne postoji povezanost između otpornosti roditelja te sljedećih varijabli: dob roditelja, stupanj obrazovanja, broj djece, potresi. Međutim, potvrđena je pretpostavka da će roditelji veće psihološke otpornosti doživjeti COVID-19 krizu manje stresno nego roditelji slabije psihološke otpornosti.The aim of this paper is the relationship of parents' well-being with children's resilience. The objectives of this research were to examine the relationship between wellbeing of parents (happiness and life satisfaction) and psychological resilience of children and to examine which of the taken variables (age, level of education, number of children, COVID19 crisis and earthquakes) were related to parental resilience. The research was conducted on a sample of 225 respondents, parents of children aged 2 to 7 years. Data for the purposes of the research was collected during May and June 2021 through an online questionnaire. The main part of the questionnaire consisted of two pre-existing questionnaires: The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and The Child and Youth Resilience Measure – Revised Person Most Knowledgeable version. In addition, the sociodemographic characteristics of parents were examined and data on happiness, life satisfaction, stress levels in the past year and the impact of the COVID-19 crisis and earthquake on parents was collected. The results obtained by the research suggest a positive correlation between the psychological resilience of parents and their children, as well as the positive correlation between happiness and life satisfaction of parents and the resilience of their children. Furthermore, there was no correlation between parental resilience and the following variables: parental age, education level, number of children, earthquakes. However, the hypothesis was confirmed that parents of higher psychological resilience would experience the COVID-19 crisis less stressfully than parents of weaker psychological resilience