Forest leaf litter beetles of Taiwan: first DNA barcodes and first insight into the fauna

We report the publication of 953 DNA barcodes of forest leaf litter beetles from central Taiwan, in total representing 334 spe- cies of 36 beetle families. This is the first bulk of data from the Taiwanese Leaf Litter beetles project focused on uncovering the under-explored diversity of leaf litter beetles across Taiwan. Based on these data, we provide the first records of the following taxa for Taiwan: family Sphindidae (genus Aspidiphorus Ziegler, 1821); tribes Trichonychini, Ctenistini, and Bythinoplectini (all Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae); genera Gyrelon Hinton, 1942, Thyroderus Sharp, 1885, Cautomus Sharp, 1885 (all Cerylonidae), Dermatohomoeus Hlisnikovský, 1963 (Leiodidae), Paraploderus Herman, 1970 (Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae), Thinocharis Kraatz, 1859 (Staphylinidae: Paederinae), Cephennodes Reitter, 1884, Napoconnus Franz, 1957 (both Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae), Bicava Belon, 1884 (Latridiidae), Otibazo Morimoto, 1961, Seleuca Pascoe, 1871 and Acallinus Morimoto, 1962 (all Curculioni- dae); species Oodes (Lachnocrepis) japonicus (Bates, 1873) (Carabidae: Licininae), Drusilla obliqua (Bernhauer, 1916) (Staphylin- idae: Aleocharinae) and Coccotrypes advena Blandford, 1894 (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). The records of Anapleus Horn, 1873 (Histeridae) and Batraxis Reitter, 1882 (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) have been confirmed. The male of Sivacrypticus taiwanicus Kaszab, 1964 (Archeocrypticidae) is described for the first time. Gyrelon jenpani Hu, Fikáček & Matsumoto, sp. nov. (Cerylon- idae) is described, illustrated, and compared with related species. DNA barcodes associated larvae of 42 species with adults, we are concisely illustrating some of these: Oodes japonicus, Perigona cf. nigriceps Dejean, 1831 (both Carabidae), Ptilodactyla sp. (Ptilodactylidae), Maltypus ryukyuanus Wittmer, 1970 (Cantharidae), Drusilla obliqua, Myrmecocephalus brevisulcus (Pace, 2008), Diochus sp., Mimopinophilus sp. (all Staphylinidae), Stelidota multiguttata Reitter, 1877, Lasiodites inaequalis (Grouvelle, 1914) (both Nitidulidae), Lagria scutellaris Pic, 1910, and Anaedus spinicornis Kaszab, 1973 (both Tenebrionidae). We also report the first cases of Rickettsia infections in Scydmaeninae and Pselaphinae. All data (sequences, metadata, and voucher photos) are made public in BOLD database and in a Zenodo Archive

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

A taxonomic revision of the Australian genus Setodyschirius with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae)

Bulirsch, Petr (2011): A taxonomic revision of the Australian genus Setodyschirius with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1): 55-81, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.450371

Contribution to the Asian and Afrotropical species of the genus Dyschiriodes (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae)

Bulirsch, Petr (2009): Contribution to the Asian and Afrotropical species of the genus Dyschiriodes (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) 49 (2): 559-576, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.446813

Figs. 15–22. 15–18 in A taxonomic revision of the Australian genus Setodyschirius with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae)

Figs. 15–22. 15–18 – aedeagus, right lateral view: 15 – Setodyschirius pseudozonatus sp. nov. (HT); 16 – S. storeyi sp. nov.(HT); 17 – S. monteithianus sp. nov. (PT); 18 – S. weiri sp. nov.; (HT). 19–22 – apex of aedeagus, ventral view: 19 – Setodyschirius pseudozonatus sp. nov. (HT); 20 – S. storeyi sp. nov. (HT); 21 – S. monteithianus sp. nov. (PT); 22 – S. weiri sp. nov. (HT).Published as part of Bulirsch, Petr, 2011, A taxonomic revision of the Australian genus Setodyschirius with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae), pp. 55-81 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.450371

Figs. 9–14 in A taxonomic revision of the Australian genus Setodyschirius with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae)

Figs. 9–14. Habitus of Setodyschirius species. 9 – S. pseudozonatus sp. nov. (differently coloured PT, 2.85 mm);10 – S. storeyi sp. nov. (PT, 3.30 mm); 11 – S. jabiru sp. nov. (HT, 2.65 mm); 12 – S. monteithianus sp. nov. (HT, 3.50 mm); 13 – S. weiri sp. nov. (HT, 4.05 mm); 14 – S. kangaroo sp. nov. (HT, 2.80 mm).Published as part of Bulirsch, Petr, 2011, A taxonomic revision of the Australian genus Setodyschirius with description of six new species (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Scaritinae), pp. 55-81 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.450371

Overview and new records of the species of the tribes Dyschiriini and Clivinini from Iraq (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae)

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Reicheadella corcyrea Reitter 1884

Reicheadella corcyrea (Reitter, 1884) (Figs 6, 11, 14) Material studied. 1 ɗ labelled “Gasturi, Korfu 2.IV. (19) 29. Beier”; “collectio Paganetti” (NMW); 5 specimens labelled: “ Greece, Kerkyra (Corfu), Vouniatades, under Laurus + Quercus ilex leaf litter, 31.3. 1998, M. Pavesi lgt.” (cPB). Taxonomic remarks. In order to define the systematic position of the separate phyletic lineages of the Balkan Reicheina more correctly, we represent here drawings and descriptions of the urite and the ventral view of the median lobe. Both have never been illustrated, in contrast to the several depictions of the lateral view of the aedeagus (Jeannel 1957: 176, Fig. 80; Casale et al. 1998: 95, Fig. 7; Giachino & Vailati 2004: 28, Fig. 5). A detailed ventral scheme of the parameres is represented too. Male genital armature. Urite as in Fig. 6; regularly rounded in basal and apical part alike, with prominent apical process, small subapical vertical lamella and subbasal swelling. Median lobe in ventral view as in Fig. 11; wide, straight, apically with bent to left side tip; internal sac situated in its medial and subapical part; copulatory piece with vague inner structures. Parameres more or less similar in size, somewhat different in shape as in Fig. 14; left one smaller, slightly bent before middle, its apical part widely rounded with one short and two long setae situated on equal distances from one another; right paramere larger, apically with one highly reduced (hardly visible) and two long setae situated on equal distances from one another.Published as part of Bulirsch, Petr & Guéorguiev, Borislav V., 2008, Taxonomic studies of the Balkan Reicheina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Clivinini), with a review of the Albanian species, pp. 39-53 in Zootaxa 1679 on page 44, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18038

Dalmatoreicheia maderi Bulirsch & Guéorguiev, 2008, sp. nov.

Dalmatoreicheia maderi sp. nov. (Figs 1, 4, 7, 9, 12, 16) Type material. Holotype ɗ labelled: “Kruja, Al­ban., Mader”; “ Holotype, Dalmatoreicheia maderi sp. n., Bulirsch et Guéorguiev des. 2006 ” (NMW). Description. Body rusty brown, elytra slightly darker, antennae and mouthparts rusty yellow, legs light rusty red, front legs slightly darker (Fig. 1). Length 3.20 mm. Head. Narrow, long, anterior margin of clypeus moderately and regularly emarginated; frons with facial furrows shortened, shallow and broad. Impressions on clypeus oblique, broad, shallow, interrupted in middle. Eyes absent, genae with median part long, slightly vaulted, their hind angles distinct. Vertex rather shiny, with moderately reticulated microsculpture. Left antenna length 1.20 mm (right antenna missing except antennomere 1); antennomere 2 just longer than 3 and 4 combined, antennomeres 6–10 slightly longer than wide. Mandibles rather long, their apical part moderately curved. Terminal maxillary palpomeres moderately long, with apex slightly narrowed, not acicular. Pronotum. Moderately convex, microsculpture distinct, reticulation regularly diffused. Sides regularly and moderately rounded, attenuated posteriorly; maximum width before middle; posterior angles very broadly rounded. Reflexed lateral margin entire, extended from short, sharp, rather protruding anterior angles to base as very distinct prebasal groove. Median line deep, distinctly impressed almost towards prebasal groove; anterior transverse impression shallow, slightly deeper laterally. Episterna just visible from above in extreme apical part. Lateral channel on each side with 2 setiferous punctures, anterior pair slightly separated from lateral margin; neither sublateral nor submedial discal setae. Ratio length: width 1.08; pronotum 1.60 times as broad as head. Legs. Protibia with apical spine bent outwards in dorsal view, apical spur of almost equal length to spine, slightly curved. Lower marginal tooth large, prominent, upper one distinct, sharp. Hind tarsi length 0.50 mm; first tarsomere elongated. Elytra. Convex, disc flattened, outline almost oval, maximum width at middle. Base distinctly bordered, strongly sloping, without distinct granules; prescutellar setiferous punctures isolated; suture broadly depressed; humeri very broadly rounded, not protruding. Lateral channel very wide, reflexed lateral margin with about 30 denticles; 6–8 humeral denticles sharp, lateral and especially apical ones much finer, just recognizable almost up to apex with slightly protruded suture. Striae 1–5 distinct, slightly punctate, striae 6–7 finer, moderately punctate; all striae strongly diminish apically: first striae in apical fifth, lateral ones in apical third; apically with only traces of fine punctures. Striae 1–3 distinct almost up to base, striae 4–7 slightly to moderately shortened. Intervals 1–5 in basal part slightly convex, lateral ones flattened. Intervals 2–7 with rows of setae; punctures in first intervals broader than striae punctures. Ratio length: width 1.71; ratio elytra: pronotum length 2.11; ratio elytra: pronotum width 1.35. Venter. Last visible ventral segment in male with slight reticulate microsculpture in apical half. Male genital armature. Ninth postabdominal sternum (urite) as in Fig. 4; ovate, short, widely rounded in basal part and briefly rounded in apical part; sclerites fused. Median lobe as in Figs 7, 9; arcuate in lateral view, apical part wider than basal part; apical orifices straight, basal orifice concave; internal sac situated in subapical part; copulatory piece forming inside four more or less visible lamellae; median lobe in ventral view with both apex and basis slightly bent to left side. Parameres dissimilar in shape and size as in Fig. 12; left one smaller, strongly bent at about middle, apex with one short, distinctly removed preapical seta, and two long apical setae; right paramere massive, with two long apical setae. Female genital armature. Unknown. Differential diagnosis. D. maderi sp. nov. can be distinguished from D. janaki Magrini & Bulirsch, 2005, the single hitherto known species of this genus, by its narrow pronotum (ratio length: width 1.08 versus 0.96); by the strongly oblique base of the elytra and indistinct humeri and by the presence of rows of setae in intervals 2–7 (versus in intervals 2, 3, 5, 7 only). Etymology. The species is named in honor of the collector, the Austrian coleopterologist and biospeleologist Leopold Mader (1886–1961). Type locality. Krujë is a well­known historical town, 32 km north of the capital Tiranë, in the central­east part of Albania. The town is situated on an isolated spur of a limestone mountain­wall of the massif of Sari­ Salltiku, part of the Krujë Range (altitude ca. 550 m above sea level). The exact place of finding is unknown. Remarks. We suppose that the holotype of D. maderi sp. nov. had been collected before 1922, judging by the year of printing of Mader´s paper in the Wiener Entomologische Zeitung (Mader 1921). There the author described Epierus krujanensis Mader, 1921 (currently junior synonym to the histerid beetle Carcinops pumilio (Erichson, 1834)) from a type locality identical with our new species. The genus Dalmatoreicheia is known only from two specimens: a female of D. janaki from Croatia, the type species, and a male of D. maderi sp. nov. It is necessary to find further material to verify the congeneric status of both taxa.Published as part of Bulirsch, Petr & Guéorguiev, Borislav V., 2008, Taxonomic studies of the Balkan Reicheina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Clivinini), with a review of the Albanian species, pp. 39-53 in Zootaxa 1679 on pages 40-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18038

Reicheadella bischoffi Meschnigg 1933

Reicheadella bischoffi (Meschnigg, 1933) (Figs 2, 5, 8, 10, 13, 16) Type material. Lectotype (here designated) ɗ labelled: “Tomor Juli 1932 ”; “ Albania leg. Bischoff 1932 ”; “ Reicheia Bischoffi, det Ing. Meschnigg, Type ”; “ Lectotypus, Reicheadella bischoffi (Meschnigg, 1933), Bulirsch et Guéorguiev des. 2006 ” (MNHUB). Paralectotype & labelled: “Tomor Juli 1932 ”; “ Albania leg. Bischoff 1932 ”; “ Reicheia Bischoffi, det Ing. Meschnigg, Type ”; “ Paralectotypus, Reicheadella bischoffi (Meschnigg, 1933), Bulirsch et Guéorguiev des. 2006 ” (MNHUB). Additional material studied. 1 ɗ labelled: “Tomor Juli 1932 ”; “ Albania leg. Bischoff 1932 ” (cPB); 1 ɗ labelled: “Tomor: Tomor Alban. mer.”; “lg. Winkler Mai 1931 ”; “ Bischoffi Meschn. det. A. Winkler” (NMW); 1 & labelled “Tomor: Tomor Alban. mer.”; “lg. Winkler Mai 1931 ” (NMW). Redescription. Body rusty brown, legs and especially antennae and mouthparts lighter (Fig. 2). Length 2.80–2.95 mm (in lectotype 2.80 mm). Head. Moderately broad, long, anterior margin of clypeus almost straight, frons with facial furrows moderately deep, broad. Impressions on clypeus oblique, deep; clypeus prolonged apically by rather long, sharp keel. Eyes absent, genae with median part long, slightly vaulted, their hind angles rounded. Vertex with irregularly reticulated microsculpture. Antennomere 2 slightly longer than 3 and 4 combined, antennomeres 6–10 as long as wide. Mandibles rather long, their apical part moderately curved. Terminal maxillary palpomeres moderately long, with apex slightly narrowed, not acicular. Pronotum. Moderately convex, microsculpture irregular, reticulation just visible. Sides regularly, moderately rounded, not attenuated posteriorly; maximum width at about middle; posterior angles broadly rounded. Reflexed lateral margin entire, extended from rather protruding anterior angles to base as rather fine prebasal groove. Median line narrow, moderately impressed almost towards prebasal groove; anterior transverse impression very superficial, just visible. Episterna just visible from above in very apical part. Lateral channel with 2 lateral setiferous punctures; disc with 3 pairs of submedial discal setae (especially median and posterior pairs aproximate to median line) and without sublateral discal setae. Ratio length: width 0.92–0.96 (in lectotype 0.94); pronotum 1.52–1.59 (in lectotype 1.52) times as broad as head. Protibia. Apical spine bent outwards in dorsal view, apical spur of almost equal length, slightly curved. Lower marginal teeth very distinct, sharp, upper one smaller, sharp. Elytra. Convex, disc flattened, outline almost ovale, maximum width at middle. Base distinctly bordered, without distinct granules, moderately sloping; prescutellar setiferous punctures isolated; suture distinctly depressed; humeri rounded, moderately protruding. Lateral channel wide, reflexed lateral margin with 3–6 fine humeral denticles. Striae 1–5 distinct, distinctly punctate, striae 6–7 slightly finer, moderately punctate; all striae, except first, diminish apically, first striae in apical sixth, lateral ones in apical fifth. Striae 1–3 distinct almost up to base, lateral striae slightly to moderately shortened. Intervals in basal part moderately convex. Intervals 3, 5, 7 with rows of setae. Ratio length: width 1.69–1.71 (in lectotype 1.70); ratio elytra: pronotum length 2.36–2.43 (in lectotype 2.43); ratio elytra: pronotum width 1.31–1.35 (in lectotype 1.35). Venter. Last visible ventral segment in males with slightly reticulated microsculpture in apical half; in females with moderately reticulated microsculpture in apical two thirds. Male genital armature. Urite as in Fig. 5; semicircle, briefly rounded in basal part and widely rounded in apical part, with prominent apical process, distinct subapical vertical lamella and subbasal swelling; sclerites fused. Median lobe as in Figs 8, 10; slightly arcuate in lateral view, apical part wider than basal part, with well­formed hook at tip; both apical and basal orifices concave; internal sac situated in subapical part; copulatory piece with vague inner structures; median lobe in ventral view wide, almost straight, apically with thin and straight lateral tip. Parameres similar in shape and size as in Fig. 13; left paramere somewhat smaller, slightly bent near to middle, apex with one short and two long setae situated at equal distances from one another; right paramere elongate, apex with one short and two long setae situated on equal distances from one another. Female genital armature. Not examined. Differential diagnosis. Differences between R. smetanai sp. nov., the second known Albanian species, are quoted below and the remaining species were differentiated in Jeannel (1957); Casale et al. (1998) and Giachino & Vailati (2004). Type locality. The Tomor Mountains in South Albania. Remark. Lectotype designation is made to stabilize the nomenclature of this species and to give preference to the male syntype illustrated here.Published as part of Bulirsch, Petr & Guéorguiev, Borislav V., 2008, Taxonomic studies of the Balkan Reicheina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Clivinini), with a review of the Albanian species, pp. 39-53 in Zootaxa 1679 on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18038