Морфологическая картина ротовой жидкости у лиц с природной санацией и санированных

The mouth liquid of 84 patients with healthy periodont was studied and its morphological picture was obtained. The mouth liquid was taken at different time spans from the patients with natural sanitation as well as the sanified ones. It was determined that the types of morphological picture depend on the ratio of organic to mineral components.Изучена морфологическая картина ротовой жидкости в различные временные промежутки суток у 84 пациентов со здоровым пародонтом. Установлены типы морфологической картины ротовой жидкости у лиц с природной санацией и санированных в зависимости от соотношения органического и минерального компонентов

Диагностика паренхиматозного сиаладенита с применением магнитно-резонансной томографии

Diseases of salivary glands come to 3-24% of all dental pathology. In spite of considerable amount of observation methods of salivary glands, diagnostics of different forms of diseases stays difficult. We want to present you the capability of MRT for the diagnostics of parenchymatous sialadenitis.Заболевания слюнных желез составляют от 3,0 до 24% всей стоматологической патологии и, несмотря на значительное количество имеющихся методов исследования слюнных желез, диагностика различных форм заболеваний остается затруднительной. В данной работе отражена возможность МРТ при диагностике паренхиматозного сиаладенита

Fungal diversity notes 1512-1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination. The 59 new species comprise Angustimassarina kunmingense, Asterina lopi, Asterina brigadeirensis, Bartalinia bidenticola, Bartalinia caryotae, Buellia pruinocalcarea, Coltricia insularis, Colletotrichum flexuosum, Colletotrichum thasutense, Coniochaeta caraganae, Coniothyrium yuccicola, Dematipyriforma aquatic, Dematipyriforma globispora, Dematipyriforma nilotica, Distoseptispora bambusicola, Fulvifomes jawadhuvensis, Fulvifomes malaiyanurensis, Fulvifomes thiruvannamalaiensis, Fusarium purpurea, Gerronema atrovirens, Gerronema flavum, Gerronema keralense, Gerronema kuruvense, Grammothele taiwanensis, Hongkongmyces changchunensis, Hypoxylon inaequale, Kirschsteiniothelia acutisporum, Kirschsteiniothelia crustaceum, Kirschsteiniothelia extensum, Kirschsteiniothelia septemseptatum, Kirschsteiniothelia spatiosum, Lecanora immersocalcarea, Lepiota subthailandica, Lindgomyces guizhouensis, Marthe asmius pallidoaurantiacus, Marasmius tangerinus, Neovaginatispora mangiferae, Pararamichloridium aquisubtropicum, Pestalotiopsis piraubensis, Phacidium chinaum, Phaeoisaria goiasensis, Phaeoseptum thailandicum, Pleurothecium aquisubtropicum, Pseudocercospora vernoniae, Pyrenophora verruculosa, Rhachomyces cruralis, Rhachomyces hyperommae, Rhachomyces magrinii, Rhachomyces platyprosophi, Rhizomarasmius cunninghamietorum, Skeletocutis cangshanensis, Skeletocutis subchrysella, Sporisorium anadelphiae-leptocomae, Tetraploa dashaoensis, Tomentella exiguelata, Tomentella fuscoaraneosa, Tricholomopsis lechatii, Vaginatispora flavispora and Wetmoreana blastidiocalcarea. The new combination is Torula sundara. The 39 new records on hosts and geographical distribution comprise Apiospora guiyangensis, Aplosporella artocarpi, Ascochyta medicaginicola, Astrocystis bambusicola, Athelia rolfsii, Bambusicola bambusae, Bipolaris luttrellii, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Chlorophyllum squamulosum, Colletotrichum aeschynomenes, Colletotrichum pandanicola, Coprinopsis cinerea, Corylicola italica, Curvularia alcornii, Curvularia senegalensis, Diaporthe foeniculina, Diaporthe longicolla, Diaporthe phaseolorum, Diatrypella quercina, Fusarium brachygibbosum, Helicoma aquaticum, Lepiota metulispora, Lepiota pongduadensis, Lepiota subvenenata, Melanconiella meridionalis, Monotosporella erecta, Nodulosphaeria digitalis, Palmiascoma gregariascomum, Periconia byssoides, Periconia cortaderiae, Pleopunctum ellipsoideum, Psilocybe keralensis, Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium dehoogii, Scedosporium marina, Spegazzinia deightonii, Torula fici, Wiesneriomyces laurinus and Xylaria venosula. All these taxa are supported by morphological and multigene phylogenetic analyses. This article allows the researchers to publish fungal collections which are important for future studies. An updated, accurate and timely report of fungus-host and fungus-geography is important. We also provide an updated list of fungal taxa published in the previous fungal diversity notes. In this list, erroneous taxa and synonyms are marked and corrected accordingly

A comparison of direct observations of velocity and transport in the Windward Passage

Velocity and water transport through the Windward Passage is estimated from a review of prior investigations and a new analysis of mooring observations conducted on February, 18, 1965 and November, 19-23, 1970 in the former USSR. These may be the only available direct velocity measurements in this area. Direct current measurements indicate a transport of about 8 Sv ± 4 Sv into the Caribbean sea, which is consistent with values estimated by other authors. The transport figure based on November, 1923, 1970 data is interpreted as a surface outflow of 0.8 Sv in the upper 100 m, a mid-depth inflow of 10.7 Sv in the 100-700 m layer, and an outflow of 2.0 Sv below 700 m. The general current-countercurrent flow system of the upper 200 m in Windward Passage compares satisfactorily with recent ADCP observations in the Great Inagua Passage

On the multiple-cell thermohaline circulation

The classic Stommel (1961) model of thermohaline circulation has predicted the existence of two modes of ocean motion for the pole-equator system. These are, one-cell thermal and one-cell saline modes. In contrast, the laboratory experiments conducted recently to duplicate this conceptual model have found three steady states in the control space of the model parameters: a two-layer thermal mode, a two-layer saline mode, and a three-layer hybrid state. A two-dimensional theoretical model is applied to investigate the multiple-cell formation. The lowest order solution is analysed using an expansion method and suggesting the aspect ratio as a small parameter. It is shown that asymmetry of vertical distribution between temperature and salinity is responsible for forming the multiple-cell thermohaline circulation

Regimes of near-wall vortex dynamics in potential flow through gaps

A two-dimensional problem of the motion of a single vortex near an infinite straight wall with singular gaps is solved both analytically, using a point-vortex approach, and numerically based on the method of contour surgery for a vortex patch. The background irrotational flow was generated by a balanced point source-sink system located at the gaps. Three different regimes of vortex evolution were detected and studied in detail: (i) Complete or partial transit, i.e., continuation of the motion along the wall; (ii) complete destruction, i.e., the "penetration" through the sink gap; and (iii) capture in a certain area against the wall between the gaps. These regimes are controlled by three parameters: the ratio of the vortex size and the distance between the gaps, the remoteness of the vortex trajectory from the wall, and the ratio of the intensities of the background flow and the vortex. A bifurcational character of the transition between the regimes was observed. Steady-state solutions were found numerically, including the orbital O state, where the vortex's centroid moves along a constant orbit, while the shape of the vortex changes periodically. Capturing the vortex was usually carried out in a form close to this state. � 2008 American Institute of Physics

Generation of upwelling near the Pacific Coast of Mexico

In a series of numerical experiments, we simulate the process of generation of coastal upwelling induced by the winds of various directions in the central part of the Pacific Coast of Mexico (18°N, 103-107°W). The numerical nonlinear multilevel model [see É.N. Mikhailova, I. M. Semenyuk, and N. B. Shapiro, "Modeling of the variability of hydrophysical fields in the Tropical Atlantic," Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Fiz. Atmosf. Okean., 27, No. 10, 1139-1148 (1991)] is adapted to the region of investigations with 9-km space resolution by specifying the conditions of flow through the open lateral boundaries. The results of numerical experiments demonstrate that the NW, N, NE, and E winds are especially favorable for the generation of intense upwelling. © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc

Are transitions abrupt in Stommel's thermohaline box model?

A series of laboratory experiments with forced temperature and salinity were conducted using an apparatus (channel between pole and equator boxes) designed to duplicate the conceptual Stommel's model of thermohaline circulation. The flow patterns are discussed depending on modelling parameters (aspect ratio and buoyancy), and specified boundary conditions. Three steady states are found in the control space of the modelling parameters: two-layer thermal mode (T2), two-layer saline mode (S2), and three-layer hybrid state (H3). The thermohaline circulation exhibits both, smooth and abrupt transitions, depending on the rate of mixing. Free convection and double diffusion experiments with limited mixing show smooth transitions. Abrupt transitions were only found in the complete mixing experiments when two boxes were stirred by mixers

Are transitions abrupt in Stommel's thermohaline box model?

A series of laboratory experiments with forced temperature and salinity were conducted using an apparatus (channel between pole and equator boxes) designed to duplicate the conceptual Stommel's model of thermohaline circulation. The flow patterns are discussed depending on modelling parameters (aspect ratio and buoyancy), and specified boundary conditions. Three steady states are found in the control space of the modelling parameters: two-layer thermal mode (T2), two-layer saline mode (S2), and three-layer hybrid state (H3). The thermohaline circulation exhibits both, smooth and abrupt transitions, depending on the rate of mixing. Free convection and double diffusion experiments with limited mixing show smooth transitions. Abrupt transitions were only found in the complete mixing experiments when two boxes were stirred by mixers

The dynamics of elongated and strongly stratified straits

A three-dimensional frictional Ekman-type model has been derived from an analysis of the primitive momentum equations for the cases of long, strongly stratified straits. An analytical solution has been obtained. A set of model experiments is developed to investigate the formation of depth-integrated circulation patterns and three-dimensional current structures, as functions of external forcing, and parameter values for channels having nonuniform depth, and rotating in the β-plane. The model results are compared with hydrological data obtained for the Bosphorus strait