Pelaksanaan Remedial pada Siswa yang Mengalami Kesulitan Membaca Teknis di Kelas Rendah SD Negeri Lamreung Kabupaten Aceh Besar

Dalam kontek interaksi belajar- mengajar di kelas, salah satu ragam bahasa adalah membaca. Penelitian ini berupaya mengungkapkan pelaksanaan remedial pada siswa yang mengalami kesulitan membaca teknis di kelas rendah SD Negeri Lamreung Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Secara khusu penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan remedial pada siswa yang mengalami kesulitan membaca teknis di kelas rendah SD Negeri Lamreung Kabupaten Aceh Besar.Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitiannya yaitu deskriptif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 6 orang guru kelas. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen yang berisi sepuluh pertanyaan sebagaimana terlampir.data diolah dengan tahapan analisis data kualitatif yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, menarik kesimpulan dan verifikasi data. Dalam melakukan pengamatan, peneliti tidak bertindak sebagai pengamat penuh tanpa terlibat interaksi belajar mengajar. Agar data hasil pengamatan dapat terpercaya, peneliti menggunakan alat bantu perekam berupa alat tulis dan media elektronik tape recorder.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, temuan penelitian ini dapat dikemukakan sebagai berikut. Pertama guru menganalisi masalah tiap- tiap siswa kemudian guru membimbing siswa secara individual dan stelah itu guru melaksnakan remedial dan melakukan evaluasi.Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pelaksanan remedial pada siswa yang mengalami kesulitan membaca teknis di kelas rendah, guru telah melaksanakan remedial sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditentukan. Guru juga sudah mengidentifikasi kesulitan belajar siswa dan mencari alternatif bantuan. Guru sudah mengidentifikasi faktor kesulitan belajar siswa. Namun faktor lingkungan dan kurangnya perhatian orang tua membuat siswa masih kurang dalam membaca. Guru yang menetapkan dan melaksanakan remedial. Semua siswa mendapatkan perlakuan yang sama

Quantification of residual crystallinity in ball milled commercially sourced lactose monohydrate by thermo-analytical techniques and terahertz spectroscopy

The quantification of crystallinity is necessary in order to be able to control the milling process. The use of thermal analysis for this assessment presents certain challenges, particularly in the case of crystal hydrates. In this study, the residual crystallinity on ball milling of lactose monohydrate (LMH), for periods up to 90 min, was evaluated by thermo-analytical techniques (TGA, DSC) and terahertz spectroscopy (THz). In general, the results from one of the DSC analysis and the THz measurements agree showing a monotonous decrease in relative residual crystallinity with milling time (∼80% reduction after 60 min milling) and a slight increase at the 90 min time point. However, the estimates from TGA and two other methods of analyzing DSC curve do not agree with the former techniques and show variability with significantly higher estimates for crystallinity. It was concluded that, the thermal techniques require more complex treatment of the data in the evaluation of changes in crystallinity of a milled material (in particular to account for the de-vitrification and mutarotation of the material that inevitably occurs during the measurement cycle) while the analysis of THz data is more straightforward, with the measurement having no impact on the native state of the material

The analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine in mice

Piperine, is the major active principal of black pepper. In traditional medicine, black pepper has been used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory agent and in the treatment of epilepsy. This study was conducted to evaluate the in vivo analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine in mice. The analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine were studied in mice using acetic acid-induced writhing, tail flick assay, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)- and picrotoxin (PIC)-induced seizures models. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of piperine (30, 50 and 70 mg/kg) significantly inhibited (P\u3c0.01) the acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, similar to the effect of indomethacin (20 mg/kg i.p.). In the tail flick assay, piperine (30 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) and morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a significant increase (P\u3c0.01) in the reaction time of mice. Pre-treatment of animals with naloxone (5 mg/kg i.p.), reversed the analgesic effects of both piperine and morphine in the tail flick assay. Piperine (30, 50 and 70 mg/kg, i.p.) and standard drugs, valproic acid (200 mg/kg, i.p.), carbamazepine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly (P\u3c0.01) delayed the onset of PTZ-and PIC-induced seizures in mice. These findings indicate that piperine exhibits analgesic and anticonvulsant effects possibly mediated via opioid and GABA-ergic pathways respectively. Moreover, piperine being the main constituent of black pepper, may be contributing factor in the medicinal uses of black pepper in pain and epileps

An in vitro assessment of growth promoting activity of a synthetic basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) using Rama-27 cell line

AbstractGrowth factors (GFs) are naturally occurring proteins or steroid hormones which act as signaling molecules between cells that play a key role in the processes of proliferation, cell differentiation and maturation of a wide variety of cells and tissues. A recently purified synthetic basic b-FGF was assessed using a routine tissue culture assay via application of a wide range of doses ranged between 0.1 and 300ng/mL of the basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) on the growth rate of Rama-27 mammary cell line. Applying SPSS “Student T-test” biostatistics the result showed significant increase (p≤0.05), almost 7 folds in tissue proliferation at a low dose of 0.3ng/mL FGF in comparison with control tissue (PBS) only. It is concluded that 0.3ng/mL dose represents the lower optimal dose suggesting its possibility of an in vivo technique to test its potency in curing skin wounds in rats

Identification of the splice variants of Recepteur d'Origine nantais (RON) in lung cancer cell lines

RON receptor tyrosine kinase is a transmembrane protein directly involved in suppression of inflammation and its aberrant expression linked to cancers and metastasis. Efforts to block deregulated RON signaling in tumors using small molecule kinase inhibitors or antibodies have been complicated by the presence of unknown number/types of isoforms of RON, which, despite being structurally similar, localize differently and mediate varied functions. Current study was designed to identify the splice variants of RON transcripts formed by skipping of sequences between exons 9 and 14 for better understanding of isoform specific RON signaling in cancers. PCR amplification and bi-directional sequencing of a 901 bp cDNA sequence located between exons 9 to 14 of RON from lung cancer cell lines revealed the presence of two splicing variants formed by skipping of exons 11 and 11–13. Each of these transcripts was found in more than one cell line. Expressed sequence tag (EST) database search indicated that the splicing variant lacking exons 11–13 was a novel one. Here we conclude that the splice variants of RON lacking exon 11 and exons 11–13 were detected in several lung cancer cell lines. Novel variant formed by skipping exons 11–13, the sequence of which code for transmembrane region, is predicted to code for a truncated isoform that may be secreted out. Tumors may antagonize the ligand dependent anti-inflammatory function of wild-type RON by secreting out the ligand binding isoforms

Switched reluctance motor design for electric vehicles based on harmonics and back EMF analysis

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely accepted in automotive applications. The high torque density, high rotational speed with maximum efficiency in electric vehicle applications is technically challenging for motor design. However, these machines are expensive and difficult to work at high-temperature harsh environment due to permanent magnets demagnetisation features. Alternatively, switched reluctance motors can provide similar output characteristics and a wider speed. Thus these are considered to be more fault tolerant and more reliable. This study proposes a 20 kW, three-phase switched reluctance motor and analyse its overall performance and harmonic contents. The study is conducted by optimising the slot filling factor, excitation voltage and switching sequence of an asymmetrical half bridge converter. A finite element model is used to predict the core and copper losses and other influencing parameters. Simulation results are presented and analysed the effectiveness of the proposed switched reluctance motor (SRM)