ELECTRODE POTENTIAL OF STEEL 10Х23Н18

Most welded structures operate under difficult conditions of simultaneous exposure to corrosive media and workloads. Practice shows that the destruction of welded structures under such operating conditions occurs, as a rule, along a weld seam or a zone of thermal influence. The aim of the work is to study the coil of the pyrolysis furnace and the corrosion characteristics of 10Х23Н18 pipe steel by measuring electrode potentials

Depression and sex hormones in elderly women

We aimed to study the relation between sex hormones and depression among elderly women. The study was carried out on 74 volunteered female subjects above 60 years of age. Each subject was asked to fulfill the geriatric depression scale (GDS) questionnaire and further evaluated for clinical depression by a psychiatrist using the DSM IV diagnostic criteria. For statistical analysis, subjects were later divided in two groups, according to the presence of clinical depression. Cognitive functions were assessed with the standardized mini mental test (SMMT). Disability in the activities of daily living was assessed with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale. Plasma levels of estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were measured with chemiluminescent methods, and plasma levels of androstenedione were measured with radioimmunassay. Among 74 subjects, 34 (39%) had clinical depression. Age, number of years spent in education, SMMT scores, and IADL scores did not differ between the depressive and non-depressive groups. Plasma sex hormone levels were not found to be different between the two groups. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved