Влияние Лазерного Облучения на Активность Бактерий Bacillus Subtilis и Pseudomonas Fluorescens

The paper discusses the problem of increasing the activity of phytopathogen-antagonistic bacteria under the effect of laser irradiation. It has been shown that short-term treatment of cells of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens with coherent light can increase bacterial growth rate and improve their fungicidal activity. It ensures high efficiency of environmentally safe measures for biological monitoring of plant diseases, which is in line with the principles of organic farming.El artículo analiza el problema de aumentar la actividad de las bacterias antagonistas de fitopatógenos bajo el efecto de la irradiación con láser. Se ha demostrado que el tratamiento a corto plazo de las células de Bacillus subtilis y Pseudomonas fluorescens con luz coherente puede aumentar la tasa de crecimiento bacteriano y mejorar su actividad fungicida. Asegura una alta eficiencia de las medidas ambientalmente seguras para el monitoreo biológico de las enfermedades de las plantas, lo cual está en línea con los principios de la agricultura orgánica.Обсуждается проблема повышения активности бактерий-антагонистов фитопатогенов под действием лазерного облучения. Показано, что кратковременная обработка когерентным светом клеток Bacillus subtilis и Pseudomonas fluorescenсs способна повысить скорость размножения бактерий и усилить их фунгицидную активность. Это обеспечивает высокую эффективность экологически безопасных мероприятий по биоконтролю болезней растений, что соответствует принципам органического земледелия

Characteristics of vital features of strawberry plants by long-term covering with non-woven material

The vital features of Elsanta and Vima Xima strawberry varieties by long-term covering with white and yellow "Spunbond" fabric of 17 g/m2 density in the moderate continental climate of the Central Black Earth Region of the Russian Federation were studied. In 2015-2016 during the process of vegetation light intensity. soil and air temperature as well as dry weight. leaf area. maximum Fm and stationary FT fluorescence level. photosynthetic activity index Y = (Fm - FT)/Fm were determined. Both varieties are characterized by a decrease in the Y parameter of strawberry leaves by 16-22% under white material. especially during active vegetation (July - first decade of August). which is less evident under yellow fabric (3-9 %). It is shown that such a reaction is due to the optical properties of the cover. as the yellow material transmission index is 7.2% higher in the red region of the spectrum and 13.8% lower in the blue region of the spectrum as compared to white fabric. By the development of new agricultural technologies and correct interpretation of the received results with the use of non-woven polypropylene cover material "Spunbond". especially for long-term operation. it is necessary to control and take into account not only the shielding but also the spectral characteristics of the material

Bacteria as agents of biocontrol of phytopathogens after laser stimulation and of their metabolites’ impact on plants

The problem of increasing activity of phytopathogen antagonist bacteria under the influence of laser irradiation is considered in this paper. Studies on Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens from various plant protection products have shown that use of laser irradiation leads to an increase in the number of cells in bacterial suspensions. This indicator increased to a maximum of two times at effective exposures in comparison with the non-irradiated variants. That was justification for the need to study the nature of the impact of excessive content of metabolites in the substrate synthesized by such a quantity of bacteria from biological products, which is 2 or more times higher than the number of cells in the standard solutions. With a twofold and fourfold increase in the concentration of metabolites of the studied bacteria compared to their standard content in the medium, the photosynthetic activity of cucumber microplants increased by more than 32%. This suggests that laser stimulation of bacteria – agents of biocontrol of diseases does not adversely affect the functional state of plants

Session 10 Photosynthesis

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