Massively Digitized Power Grid: Opportunities and Challenges of Use-inspired AI

This article presents a use-inspired perspective of the opportunities and challenges in a massively digitized power grid. It argues that the intricate interplay of data availability, computing capability, and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm development are the three key factors driving the adoption of digitized solutions in the power grid. The impact of these three factors on critical functions of power system operation and planning practices are reviewed and illustrated with industrial practice case studies. Open challenges and research opportunities for data, computing, and AI algorithms are articulated within the context of the power industry's tremendous decarbonization efforts

Is the Q-angle an absolute or a variable measure? Measurement of the Q-angle over one minute in healthy subjects

Background and PurposeThe quadriceps angle (Q-angle) is currently the only measurement of patellofemoral mechanics available in the clinical situation which does not necessitate the use of sophisticated radiographic equipment. It is generally assumed that for a given subject position and measurement procedure, the Q-angle is an absolute value rather than one which may vary with time. However, this assumption has never been tested. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Q-angle varies with time.MethodsThe Q-angle of 51 healthy subjects was measured continuously for one minute in the standing position using a video motion analysis system of proven accuracy and reliability.ResultsThe Q-angle varied by an average of 3.12° (1.46°-6.97°) over the one minute tested, with a repeatability coefficient of 3.4°.ConclusionThe data indicate that when measured in the standing position the Q-angle is not an absolute measure, but one which varies with time. It is proposed that when the Q-angle is measured in the clinical situation with a goniometer, the value achieved is not a definitive measurement, but a snapshot in time of the individual's Q-angle within a given range

Listening in combat - surveillance technologies beyond the visual in the First World War

The arts of combat have long motivated humans to extend the range of, and refine the capacities of, their senses. For centuries, innovations from both military and civilian origins have extended and enhanced those capacities in ever-escalating strategic efforts to secure crucial intelligence both to win battles and win new markets. Much is known about the visual technologies that co-evolved between civilian and military usage: the telescope in the seventeenth century, the observation balloon in the eighteenth century, and the submarine periscope in nineteenth century, extended to trench usage in the First World War. We focus here on the sense of hearing, its technological enhancements, and its interplay with other senses, thereby to explore the sensory interplay of vision and sound in extreme human combat situations. We argue that, both for those at the battle front and those remote from it, the significance of this increased significant of hearing in the early twentieth century cannot be understood without reference to the combat experiences and technological initiatives of the First World War. Our core claim is that the rise of listening cultures of various forms during and after the First World War owed much to the changing technologies, strategies and behaviors, cultivated in the context of military endeavors