The use of coffee and sunflower oils in cutaneous wounds : local and systemic effects

Orientador: Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira VelhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Introdução: as feridas são um comum problema de saúde. O uso de plantas medicinais e seus derivados está aumentando e aproximadamente um terço de todos os fitoterápicos tradicionais são destinados ao tratamento de feridas. Os produtos naturais usados nesses tratamentos incluem os óleos vegetais, que são ricos em ácidos graxos essenciais. O café e o girassol, plantas cultivadas em larga escala devido à importância econômica que possuem, geram óleos que também contêm ácidos graxos essenciais. Uma vez em contato com uma superfície ulcerada, os óleos vegetais atingem os vasos sanguíneos e linfáticos, provocando, potencialmente, efeitos locais e sistêmicos. Objetivos: este estudo avaliou os possíveis efeitos locais e sistêmicos do uso do óleo de girassol e óleos de café, obtidos de grãos crus e torrados, aplicados topicamente em feridas cutâneas de ratos. Métodos: sobre feridas cirúrgicas circulares, produzidas pela exérese da pele com bisturi do tipo punch de 6 mm em ambiente controlado, no dorso de 90 ratos foram aplicados os seguintes tratamentos nos mesmo animais divididos em seis grupos: solução salina (SS) e óleo mineral (OM), OM e óleo de girassol (OG), OM e óleo de café verde (OCV), OM e óleo de café torrado (OCT), OM e borra do óleo de café verde (BOCV) e OM e óleo de café torrado (BOCV). O processo de cicatrização foi avaliado por meio do estudo histológico / morfométrico por microscopia óptica; microscopia de geração de segundo harmônico (SHG) e da quantificação tissular (por q-PCR) e sérica (por Elisa) de fatores que atuam na cicatrização (IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-6, IL-23, IGF-1, IFN-?, IFN-?, TNF-?, adiponectina e leptina). Resultados: Animais tratados com OCT apresentaram cicatrização mais rápida, maior expressão de RNAm de IGF-1, IL-6 e IL-23 nos estágios iniciais de cicatrização; maior expressão de IL-12 nos últimos estágios e níveis séricos mais baixos de IFN-?. O tratamento com OCV levou a uma expressão mais elevada de RNAm de IL-6 e IL-23 nos estágios iniciais da cicatrização. O tratamento também produziu níveis séricos mais altos de IFN-? durante todo o experimento e menores níveis de IL-4, adiponectina e IFN-?. A análise de SHG mostrou uma maior densidade de colágeno nos tratamentos com OCT e OCV. Animais tratados com OG apresentaram maior expressão de RNAm de IGF-1, leptina, IL-6 e IFN-? e menores níveis séricos de IL-6 do que os animais do grupo controle. A análise de SHG não mostrou diferença na densidade de colágeno entre os animais tratados com OM e OG. Conclusões: O tratamento tópico com óleos de café levou a ações locais e sistêmicas e à cicatrização mais rápida de feridas em ratos. O tratamento com óleo de girassol induziu efeitos tópicos e sistêmicos. Como o óleo é amplamente utilizado para diminuir o tempo de cicatrização de úlceras, novos estudos são necessários para avaliar a segurança do tratamento e possíveis efeitos indesejados do uso tópico de óleo vegetal para lesões cutâneasAbstract: Introduction: wounds are a common health problem. The use of medicinal plants and their derivatives is increasing, and approximately one-third of all traditional herbal medicines are intended for wound treatment. Natural products used in these treatments include vegetable oils, which are rich in essential fatty acids. Coffee and sunflower are massively cultivated since its economic importance; the oils obtained from these plants also contain essential fatty acids. Once in contact with an ulcerative surface, the oil reaches the blood and lymphatic vessels, thus eliciting systemic effects. Objectives: this study evaluated the local and possible systemic effects of sunflower and coffee oils applied topically to rat wounds. Methods: on circular surgical wounds produced by excision of skin with a 6 mm punch at a controlled environment, in the back of 90 rats the following treatments was applied on the same animals divided into six groups: saline solution (SS) and mineral oil (MO), MO and sunflower oil (SO), MO and green coffee oil (GCO), MO and roasted coffee oil (RCO), MO and green coffee oil grounds (GCOG) or MO and roasted coffee oil grounds (RCOG). The healing process was evaluated by histological / morphometric optical microscopy examination; second harmonics generation (SHG) microscopy and quantification in tissue (by q-PCR) and serum (by ELISA) of factors that act in wound healing (IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-6, IL-23, IGF-1, IFN-?, IFN-?, TNF-?, adiponectin and leptin). Results: RCO treated animals presented faster wound healing, higher mRNA expression of IGF-1, IL-6 and IL-23 in early stages of wound healing; higher IL-12 in the later stages; and lower serum levels of IFN-?. GCO treatment led to higher mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-23 in the early stages. The RCO treatment also produced higher serum IFN-? levels throughout the experiment and lower levels of IL-4, adiponectin and IFN-?. The SHG analysis showed a higher collagen density in the RCO and GCO treatments. SO-treated animals had higher IGF-1, leptin, IL-6 and IFN-? mRNA expression and lower serum IL-6 levels than the control animals. SHG analysis showed no difference in collagen density between the animals treated with MO and SO. Conclusion: Topical treatment with coffee oils led to systemic actions and faster wound healing in rats. SO treatment induces topical and systemic effects, lowering IL-6 levels in the serum. As the oil is widely used to shorten ulcer healing time, studies are needed to evaluate the treatment safety and possible undesired effects of topical vegetal oil use for skin lesionsDoutoradoClinica MedicaDoutor em Ciências01-P-04520/201307/59319-5CAPESFAPES

Bartonella Clarridgeiae Bacteremia Detected In An Asymptomatic Blood Donor.

Human exposure to Bartonella clarridgeiae has been reported only on the basis of antibody detection. We report for the first time an asymptomatic human blood donor infected with B. clarridgeiae, as documented by enrichment blood culture, PCR, and DNA sequencing.53352-

Composition And Formulation Based On Coffee Oil, And Uses Thereof

Resumo não disponível.BR102012029163 (A2)A23F5/46A61K31/00BR20121029163A23F5/46A61K31/0

Composition And Formulation Containing Rice Oil And Uses Thereof

COMPOSIÇÃO E FORMULAÇÃO A BASE DE ÓLEO DE ARROZ E USOS. A presente invenção descreve uma composição e sua formulação a base de óleo de arroz de uso tópico com alta capacidade de cicatrização cutânea. A composição é capaz de manter a área cicatricial com umidade ideal e as áreas periféricas secas e protegidas, além de apresentar uma ação sistêmica, fatores que aceleram o processo cicatricial.BR102012028235 (A2)A61K31/21A23D7/00A61P17/00BR20121028235A61K31/21A23D7/00A61P17/0

Bartonellosis As Cause Of Death After Red Blood Cell Unit Transfusion.

The authors present the case of a young man with aplastic anemia who went into shock and died after several red blood cell unit transfusions. Immunohematological studies did not show any abnormality and blood cultures from patients and blood bags were negative. The ultrastructural findings, allied with current scientific knowledge, permitted the diagnosis of Bartonella sp. infection. In face of this diagnosis, two possibilities should be considered: the first one is that the patient was already infected by the bacteria before the last RBC unit transfusion. The pathogen could be involved in aplastic anemia etiology and in the failure to recover hemoglobin levels, in spite of the transfusions. The second possibility is that the RBC unit was contaminated with a Bartonella sp., which would have led to a state of shock, causing the death of the patient.33151-

Risk Factors for Bartonella species Infection in Blood Donors from Southeast Brazil.

Bacteria from the genus Bartonella are emerging blood-borne bacteria, capable of causing long-lasting infection in marine and terrestrial mammals, including humans. Bartonella are generally well adapted to their main host, causing persistent infection without clinical manifestation. However, these organisms may cause severe disease in natural or accidental hosts. In humans, Bartonella species have been detected from sick patients presented with diverse disease manifestations, including cat scratch disease, trench fever, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, polyarthritis, or granulomatous inflammatory disease. However, with the advances in diagnostic methods, subclinical bloodstream infection in humans has been reported, with the potential for transmission through blood transfusion been recently investigated by our group. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with Bartonella species infection in asymptomatic blood donors presented at a major blood bank in Southeastern Brazil. Five hundred blood donors were randomly enrolled and tested for Bartonella species infection by specialized blood cultured coupled with high-sensitive PCR assays. Epidemiological questionnaires were designed to cover major potential risk factors, such as age, gender, ethnicity, contact with companion animals, livestock, or wild animals, bites from insects or animal, economical status, among other factors. Based on multivariate logistic regression, bloodstream infection with B. henselae or B. clarridgeiae was associated with cat contact (adjusted OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1-9.6) or history of tick bite (adjusted OR: 3.7, 95% CI: 1.3-13.4). These risk factors should be considered during donor screening, as bacteremia by these Bartonella species may not be detected by traditional laboratory screening methods, and it may be transmitted by blood transfusion

Risk factors for Bartonella species infection in blood donors from southeast Brazil

Bacteria from the genus Bartonella are emerging blood-borne bacteria, capable of causing long-lasting infection in marine and terrestrial mammals, including humans. Bartonella are generally well adapted to their main host, causing persistent infection without clinical manifestation. However, these organisms may cause severe disease in natural or accidental hosts. In humans, Bartonella species have been detected from sick patients presented with diverse disease manifestations, including cat scratch disease, trench fever, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, polyarthritis, or granulomatous inflammatory disease. However, with the advances in diagnostic methods, subclinical bloodstream infection in humans has been reported, with the potential for transmission through blood transfusion been recently investigated by our group. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with Bartonella species infection in asymptomatic blood donors presented at a major blood bank in Southeastern Brazil. Five hundred blood donors were randomly enrolled and tested for Bartonella species infection by specialized blood cultured coupled with high-sensitive PCR assays. Epidemiological questionnaires were designed to cover major potential risk factors, such as age, gender, ethnicity, contact with companion animals, livestock, or wild animals, bites from insects or animal, economical status, among other factors. Based on multivariate logistic regression, bloodstream infection with B. henselae or B. clarridgeiae was associated with cat contact (adjusted OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1-9.6) or history of tick bite (adjusted OR: 3.7, 95% CI: 1.3-13.4). These risk factors should be considered during donor screening, as bacteremia by these Bartonella species may not be detected by traditional laboratory screening methods, and it may be transmitted by blood transfusion10

Topical essential fatty acid oil on wounds: Local and systemic effects.

BackgroundThe use of medicinal plants and their derivatives is increasing, and approximately one-third of all traditional herbal medicines are intended for wound treatment. Natural products used in these treatments include vegetable oils, which are rich in essential fatty acids. Once in contact with an ulcerative surface, the oil reaches the blood and lymphatic vessels, thus eliciting systemic effects.ObjectiveThis study evaluated the local and possible systemic effects of essential fatty acids (sunflower oil) applied topically to rat wounds.MethodsCutaneous punch wounds (6 mm) were produced on the dorsa of 30 rats. Saline (SS), mineral oil (MO) or essential fatty acid (EFA) solutions were applied topically. Healing was evaluated after 2, 4 and 10 days (n = 5 per group) by visual and histological/morphometric examination, second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, and cytokine and growth factor quantification in the scar tissue (real-time PCR) and in serum (ELISA).ResultsMO/EFA-treated animals had higher IGF-1, leptin, IL-6 and IFN-γ mRNA expression and lower serum IL-6 levels than the control (SS/MO) animals. SHG analysis showed no difference in collagen density between the animals treated with MO and EFA.ConclusionEFA treatment induces topical (observed by local IGF-1, leptin, IL-6 and IFN-γ production) and systemic effects, lowering IL-6 levels in the serum. As the oil is widely used to shorten ulcer healing time, studies are needed to evaluate the treatment safety and possible undesired effects

Prevalence of bartonella spp. infection in patients with sickle cell disease

The inherent characteristics of the sickle cell disease (SCD), the most common genetic hematological disorder, increase the propensity of infections. Bartonella spp. are emerging and neglected bacteria. A large spectrum of clinical manifestations has been linked to bartonella bloodstream infection in the last two decades that can cause fatal outcomes, especially in immunodeficient patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of bartonella infection in SCD patients. We evaluated Bartonella spp. prevalence in 107 SCD patients. Blood samples and enrichment blood cultures were analyzed by molecular detection of Bartonella spp. DNA. Bartonella DNA was amplified using conventional genus-specific Bartonella PCR which amplifies the Intergenic Transcribed Spacer region and Bartonella henselae-specific nested PCR which amplifies the FtsZ gene. Positive patient DNAs were tested with ssrA conventional PCR. All amplicons were sequenced. Ten of 107 patients tested positive for B. henselae infection in at least one molecular test. All obtained amplicons were sequenced and similar to B. henselae sequences deposited in GenBank (accession number BX897699). Based on statistical results, bloodstream infection with B. henselae was not associated with animal contact or blood transfusions. We detected B. henselae DNA in 10 (9.3%) SCD studied patients. These patients were notified and treatment was offered to the