Gastric Emptying And Intragastric Distribution Of A Solid Meal In Functional Dyspepsia: Influence Of Gender And Anxiety.

Gastric dysmotility and psychological factors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia. To investigate the influence of gender and anxiety on gastric emptying and intragastric food distribution in patients with functional dyspepsia. A standard gastric emptying test was used to study total and compartmental gastric emptying of a solid meal in 22 patients with functional dyspepsia (16 women). Comparisons of the data for dyspeptic men and women were made with 2 respective subgroups of controls (9 men; 9 women). The presence of anxiety and depression was assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Delayed gastric emptying was observed in 32% of patients with functional dyspepsia. As a group, dyspeptic women had a significantly longer half-emptying time as compared with dyspeptic men ( 19 +/- 41 min vs. 78 +/- 22 min) and to female controls (96 +/- 17 min). There was no difference in half-emptying times between male patients and controls. The initial activity in the proximal stomach was significantly lower for both men and women with functional dyspepsia in comparison with their respective controls. In addition, meal retention in the distal stomach of dyspeptic women was significantly greater than that in female controls. Sixteen (72%) functional dyspepsia patients had anxiety when evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Those patients who scored for anxiety showed significantly greater antral meal retention than patients without anxiety. Our study confirmed that prolonged gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia is related to the female sex, while the abnormalities of the meal intragastric distribution appear to occur in dyspeptic males and females. Anxiety is frequent in functional dyspepsia and seems to be related to abnormal antral retention of food in these patients.38230-

Estimation of absolute renal uptake with technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid: direct comparison with the radioactivity of nephrectomy specimens

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies using radionuclides are the most appropriate method for estimating renal function. Dimercaptosuccinic acid chelate labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc-DMSA) is the radiopharmaceutical of choice for high-resolution imaging of the renal cortex and estimation of the functional renal mass. The aim of this study was to evaluate a simplified method for determining the absolute renal uptake (ARU) of 99mTc-DMSA prior to nephrectomy, using the radioactivity counts of nephrectomy specimens as the gold standard. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study at the Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. METHODS: Seventeen patients (12 females; range 22-82 years old; mean age 50.8 years old) underwent nephrectomy for various reasons. Renal scintigraphy was performed three to four hours after intravenous administration of a mean dose of 188.7 MBq (5.1 mCi) of 99mTc-DMSA, which was done six to 24 hours before surgery. The in vivo renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was determined using the radioactivity of the syringe before the injection (measured using a dose calibrator) and the images of the syringe and kidneys, obtained from a scintillation camera. After surgery, the reference value for renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the nephrectomy specimen using the same dose calibrator. RESULTS: The ARU measurements were very similar to those obtained using the reference method, as determined by linear regression (r-squared = 0.96). CONCLUSION: ARU estimation using the proposed method before nephrectomy seems to be accurate and feasible for routine use

Estimation Of Absolute Renal Uptake With Technetium-99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid: Direct Comparison With The Radioactivity Of Nephrectomy Specimens.

Studies using radionuclides are the most appropriate method for estimating renal function. Dimercaptosuccinic acid chelate labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc-DMSA) is the radiopharmaceutical of choice for high-resolution imaging of the renal cortex and estimation of the functional renal mass. The aim of this study was to evaluate a simplified method for determining the absolute renal uptake (ARU) of 99mTc-DMSA prior to nephrectomy, using the radioactivity counts of nephrectomy specimens as the gold standard. Prospective study at the Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Seventeen patients (12 females; range 22-82 years old; mean age 50.8 years old) underwent nephrectomy for various reasons. Renal scintigraphy was performed three to four hours after intravenous administration of a mean dose of 188.7 MBq (5.1 mCi) of 99mTc-DMSA, which was done six to 24 hours before surgery. The in vivo renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was determined using the radioactivity of the syringe before the injection (measured using a dose calibrator) and the images of the syringe and kidneys, obtained from a scintillation camera. After surgery, the reference value for renal uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the nephrectomy specimen using the same dose calibrator. The ARU measurements were very similar to those obtained using the reference method, as determined by linear regression (r-squared = 0.96). ARU estimation using the proposed method before nephrectomy seems to be accurate and feasible for routine use.126150-

Estudo do esvaziamento gástrico e da distribuição intragástrica de uma dieta sólida através da cintilografia: diferenças entre os sexos Scintigraphic study of gastric emptying and intragastric distribution of a solid meal: gender differences

Ainda existem controvérsias quanto a possíveis diferenças de esvaziamento gástrico entre os sexos. Os objetivos deste estudo são: confirmar se homens e mulheres realmente diferem no esvaziamento gástrico de uma dieta sólida e investigar se esta diferença está relacionada com diferentes padrões de distribuição da dieta entre os compartimentos proximal e distal do estômago. Dezoito voluntários assintomáticos (nove do sexo masculino, com idade média de 35 ± 9 anos e nove do sexo feminino, com idade média de 41 ± 11 anos) foram estudados pela manhã, após ingestão da dieta sólida padronizada (omelete marcada com 185MBq de enxofre coloidal-99mTc). Imagens simultâneas do estômago nas projeções anterior e posterior foram adquiridas imediatamente após a ingestão da dieta e a cada 10 minutos, durante 120 minutos. Curvas de tempo versus contagem radioativa foram obtidas para o estômago total, proximal e distal. O T½ do esvaziamento gástrico foi maior para as mulheres (96,1 ± 17,2 minutos) do que para os homens (79,9 ± 17,8 minutos; P = 0,02). A análise da distribuição intragástrica da dieta mostrou que não houve diferenças entre os sexos quanto ao esvaziamento gástrico proximal, mas as mulheres apresentaram maior retenção da dieta na porção distal do estômago (P = 0,04). Nossos resultados mostram que o esvaziamento gástrico de sólidos é mais lento nas mulheres não-menopausadas assintomáticas, do que nos homens de faixa etária semelhante, provavelmente devido a maior retenção da dieta na região distal do estômago. Este fato deve ser levado em conta nos estudos de esvaziamento gástrico pela cintilografia para evitar diagnósticos errôneos de gastroparesias nas pacientes do sexo feminino.<br>Gender-related differences in gastric emptying are still controversial. The aims of this study were: to confirm the sex-related difference in gastric emptying of a solid meal and to investigate its association with different patterns of meal distribution between the proximal and distal gastric compartments. Eighteen healthy volunteers (nine males, mean age 35 ± 9 years; nine females, mean age: 41 ± 11 years) were studied in the morning, after ingestion of the solid test-meal (an omelette labeled with 185MBq of 99mTc-sulfur colloid). Simultaneous anterior and posterior images of the stomach were acquired immediately after ingestion of the meal and every 10 minutes for 120 minutes. Time versus activity curves were obtained for the whole, proximal and distal stomach. Gastric T½ was longer in women (96.1 ± 17.2 min) than in men (79.9 ± 17.8 min; P = 0.02). The analysis of the meal distribution inside the stomach showed no differences between males and females in proximal gastric emptying, but the meal retention in the distal compartment was significantly increased among women (P = 0.04). In conclusion, gastric emptying of a solid meal is slower in pre-menopausal women than in age-matched men, probably due to an increased retention of the meal in the distal compartment. This should be taken into consideration to avoid misleading diagnosis of gastroparesis for female patients