Obstetric fistulas in Mali, Combating maternal and child mortality

At the end of 1993, Médecins du Monde (MdM) launched a project at the regional hospital of Mopti, in Mali, to treat obstetric fistulas. From the outset, the goal of MdM was to treat the maximum number of affected women under the best possible conditions and to train an autonomous surgical team on site. From a project that was essentially surgical in nature at the outset, the program evolved to include the wider, medical and psychosocial care of women suffering from obstetric fistulas, with the introduction in 2008 of psychological counselling for the women arriving at the hospital for treatment. MdM has also developed a community-based prevention and awareness campaign on the subject of obstetric fistulas in the Mopti region.Médecins du Monde (MdM) a entrepris, en fin d’année 1993 à l’hôpital régional de Mopti, au Mali, un projet de prise en charge des fistules obstétricales. Dès l’origine, l’objectif de MdM était de traiter dans les meilleures conditions possibles un maximum de femmes malades et de former une équipe chirurgicale autonome sur place. D’un projet essentiellement chirurgical au départ, le programme a évolué dans la période la plus récente vers une prise en charge globale, médicale et psychosociale, des femmes victimes de fistules obstétricales, par la mise en place en 2008 d’un accompagnement psychologique des femmes venant se faire soigner à l’hôpital. MdM a également développé un volet de prévention et de sensibilisation communautaire sur la thématique des fistules obstétricales en région de Mopti.Al final del año 1993, Médecins du Monde (Médicos del Mundo, MdM) emprendía en el hospital regional de Mopti, en Malí, un proyecto de apoyo de fístulas cutáneo-uterinas. Desde el origen, el objetivo de MdM era de curar un máximum de mujeres enfermadas en las mejores condiciones y formar un equipo quirúrgico autónomo en el sitio. Desde el proyecto original, esencialmente quirúrgico, el programo evolucioné en los últimos años hacia un apoyo integral, médico y psicosocial, de las mujeres víctimas de fístulas cutáneo-uterinas, por la implementación, en 2008, de un acompañamiento psicológico de la mujeres quienes vinieron para curarse en el hospital. Además, MdM desarrollaba una sección de prevención y de sensibilización comunitaria sobre el tema de las fístulas cutáneo-uterinas en la región de Mopti

GERMLINE GAIN-OF-FUNCTION MUTATIONS of ALK DISRUPT CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

International audienceNeuroblastoma (NB) is a frequent embryonal tumour of sympathetic ganglia and adrenals with extremely variable outcome. Recently, somatic amplification and gain-of-function mutations of the anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK, MIM 105590) gene, either somatic or germline, were identified in a significant proportion of NB cases. Here we report a novel syndromic presentation associating congenital NB with severe encephalopathy and abnormal shape of the brainstem on brain MRI in two unrelated sporadic cases harbouring de novo, germline, heterozygous ALK gene mutations. Both mutations are gain-of-function mutations that have been reported in NB and NB cell lines. These observations further illustrate the role of oncogenes in both tumour predisposition and normal development, and shed light on the pleiotropic and activity-dependent role of ALK in humans. More generally, missing germline mutations relative to the spectrum of somatic mutations reported for a given oncogene may be a reflection of severe effects during embryonic development, and may prompt mutation screening in patients with extreme phenotypes

Obstetric fistulas in Mali, Combating maternal and child mortality

At the end of 1993, Médecins du Monde (MdM) launched a project at the regional hospital of Mopti, in Mali, to treat obstetric fistulas. From the outset, the goal of MdM was to treat the maximum number of affected women under the best possible conditions and to train an autonomous surgical team on site. From a project that was essentially surgical in nature at the outset, the program evolved to include the wider, medical and psychosocial care of women suffering from obstetric fistulas, with the introduction in 2008 of psychological counselling for the women arriving at the hospital for treatment. MdM has also developed a community-based prevention and awareness campaign on the subject of obstetric fistulas in the Mopti region

Projet Garoua - Synthèse des résultats du programme forêt (Maroua/Garoua) campagne 1993/1994

La recherche forestière a décidé de s'orienter, à partir de 1983, vers l'amélioration des techniques de gestion de l'arbre dans le milieu rural. Grâce à ses fonctions multiples : diversification des productions, maintien et restauration de la fertilité des sols, organisation du paysage agraire, l'arbre est une composante essentielle à la mise en place de systèmes de gestion durable des terre