Performance of a warm-water limpet species towards its poleward range edge compared to a colder-water congener

The demography and individual performance of species at their range edges provide important insight into how climate warming is impacting species distributions. The boreal limpet Patella vulgata and the Lusitanian limpet P. depressa have overlapping geographic ranges and local distributions in Britain. We measured individual performance at the 2 leading edges of P. depressa distribution (North Wales and South/South-east England) and in non-range edge populations in South-west England. Individuals of P. depressa towards both leading edges were expected to have reduced growth rates and higher mortality rates when compared with non-range edge populations. Conversely, P. vulgata was expected to have equivalent performance across regions, coinciding with the centre of its range. Tagged individuals did not show between-species differences in growth and mortality over a 12 mo period. Nonetheless, individual growth rates and population mortality rates of both Patella species were higher towards the range edge of P. depressa in South/South-east England, when compared with populations at its poleward edge and those in South-west England. Further analysis showed that growth and mortality rates were higher in denser populations for both P. depressa and P. vulgata, with equivalent site-specific performance patterns for both species in all regions. Thus, performance patterns of P. depressa reflected local factors in the same way as P. vulgata, overriding patterns of declining performance expected towards species borders. Comparisons between key congeneric species and their unexpected patterns of performance across their ranges provide insights into processes setting species boundaries and thereby their responses to climate change

The Aquaculture Supply Chain In The Time Of Covd-19 Pandemic: Vulnerability, Resilience, Solutions And Priorities At The Global Scale

[EN] The COVID-19 global pandemic has had severe, unpredictable and synchronous impacts on all levels of perishable food supply chains (PFSC), across multiple sectors and spatial scales. Aquaculture plays a vital and rapidly expanding role in food security, in some cases overtaking wild caught fisheries in the production of high quality animal protein in this PFSC. We performed a rapid global assessment to evaluate the effects of the COVID19 pandemic and related emerging control measures on the aquaculture supply chain. Socio-economic effects of the pandemic were analysed by surveying the perceptions of stakeholders, who were asked to describe potential supply-side disruption, vulnerabilities and resilience patterns along the production pipeline with four main supply chain components: a) hatchery, b) production/processing, c) distribution/logistics and d) market. We also assessed different farming strategies, comparing land-vs. sea-based systems; extensive vs. intensive methods; and with and without integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, IMTA. In addition to evaluating levels and sources of economic distress, interviewees were asked to identify mitigation solutions adopted at local / internal (i.e., farm site) scales, and to express their preference on national / external scale mitigation measures among a set of a priori options. Survey responses identified the potential causes of disruption, ripple effects, sources of food insecurity, and socio-economic conflicts. They also pointed to various levels of mitigation strategies. The collated evidence represents a first baseline useful to address future disaster-driven responses, to reinforce the resilience of the sector and to facilitate the design reconstruction plans and mitigation measures, such as financial aid strategies.We are grateful to all the respondents who took the time to take the survey and to many colleagues for their effort done in facilitating the circulation of questionnaires. M.C.M.'s research activity was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation pro-gramme under the Marie Skodowska-Curie Action (Grant agreement no. 835589, MIRROR Project) . People at the Laboratory of Ecology have been funded by the PRIN-MAHRES project (Ministry of Italian Research; MUR-017MHHWBN_003 Linea C) and by the Interreg Italia-Malta HARMONY 2016 (Grant C1-3.1-31) . C. Pita and A. Nogueira would like to thank FCT/MCTES for the financial support to CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020+UIDB/50017/2020) , through national funds. J.M.F. Babarro thanks project PID2019-106008RB-C21 for support through Spanish Government funds. The authors would like to thank also the ERASMUS+-FISHAQU project (No. 610071-EPP-1-2019-1-PT-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP) . We deeply thank Mr. Gaspare Barbera for his technical feedback during the questionnaire design looking at it under the lens of a stakeholder. We are grateful to QUALTRICS (Inc. USA) Product Spe-cialists based in Italy to have always answered to queries about software technicality. We recognised the wide, prompt and effective support offered by the Ethical Committee at the University of Palermo in assessing the questionnaire.Mangano, MC.; Berlino, M.; Corbari, L.; Milisenda, G.; Lucchese, M.; Terzo, S.; Bosch-Belmar, M.... (2022). The Aquaculture Supply Chain In The Time Of Covd-19 Pandemic: Vulnerability, Resilience, Solutions And Priorities At The Global Scale. Environmental Science & Policy. 127:98-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2021.10.0149811012