Cerebral cavernous malformation presenting as seizures

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) is one of the rare vascular malformation. It is diagnosed by characteristic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CCMs typically appears as a “popcorn-like” masses on T2-weighted images on MRI studies.And clinically can lead to headaches, seizures,focal neurological deficits or intracerebral hemorrhages. . A familial form is suggested if lesions are multiple, and a sporadic form, if singl

Anaerobic Biodegradability and Methane Potential of Crop Residue Co-Digested with Buffalo Dung

ABD (Anaerobic Biodegradability) and BMP (Biochemical Methane Potential) of banana plant waste, canola straw, cotton stalks, rice straw, sugarcane trash and wheat straw co-digested with buffalo dung was evaluated through AMPTS (Automatic Methane Potential Test System). The substrates were analyzed for moisture, TS (Total Solids) and VS (Volatile Solids), ultimate analysis (CHONS), pH and TA (Total Alkalinity). The BMPobserved during incubation of 30 days at the temperature of 37±0.2°C was 322 Nml CH4/g VSadd for wheat straw followed by 260, 170, 149, 142 and 138 Nml CH4/gVSadd for canola straw, rice straw, cotton stalks, banana plant waste and sugarcane trash respectively, whereas the maximum theoretical BMP was 481 Nml CH4/gVSadd for cotton stalks, followed by 473, 473, 446, 432 and 385 Nml CH4/gVSadd for wheat straw, banana plant waste, canola straw, rice straw and sugarcane trash respectively. The percentage ABD values were in the range of 68-30%. In addition to this, the effect of lignin content in the crop residue was evaluated on the ABD. The results of this study indicate that, the co-digestion of the crop residues with buffalo dung is feasible for production of renewable methan

APPLICATION OF COST-EFFECTIVE ADSORBENTS AGAINST THE REMOVAL OF DYE INDIGO CARMINE

Elimination of Indigo carmine color by adsorption method on eggshell (ESP), date palm seeds (DPS) and papaya seeds powder (PSP) from watery arrangement was researched. The examination done by following group mode strategies, for example, dose mg/g, pH, focus, contact time and speed rpm separately. The surface reading examined through; FTIR-Fourier change electron microscopy, SEM-Scanning electron microscopy and EDS-Energy dispersive x-beam investigation. Best adsorption follows dynamic pseudo – second request motor plots. Adsorption isotherms best fitted in Langmuir and Freundlich plots. Results pronounced that most extreme expulsion of color was accomplished at powerful portion for ESP is 500mg, DPSP 100mg while for PSP is 80mg at enhanced pH3, utilizing 50mg/l convergence of color, contact time and 100speed rpm study performed at room temperature

Novel VPS13B Mutations in Three Large Pakistani Cohen Syndrome Families Suggests a Baloch Variant with Autistic-Like Features.

BackgroundCohen Syndrome (COH1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, principally identified by ocular, neural and muscular deficits. We identified three large consanguineous Pakistani families with intellectual disability and in some cases with autistic traits.MethodsClinical assessments were performed in order to allow comparison of clinical features with other VPS13B mutations. Homozygosity mapping followed by whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing strategies were used to identify disease-related mutations.ResultsWe identified two novel homozygous deletion mutations in VPS13B, firstly a 1 bp deletion, NM_017890.4:c.6879delT; p.Phe2293Leufs*24, and secondly a deletion of exons 37-40, which co-segregate with affected status. In addition to COH1-related traits, autistic features were reported in a number of family members, contrasting with the "friendly" demeanour often associated with COH1. The c.6879delT mutation is present in two families from different regions of the country, but both from the Baloch sub-ethnic group, and with a shared haplotype, indicating a founder effect among the Baloch population.ConclusionWe suspect that the c.6879delT mutation may be a common cause of COH1 and similar phenotypes among the Baloch population. Additionally, most of the individuals with the c.6879delT mutation in these two families also present with autistic like traits, and suggests that this variant may lead to a distinct autistic-like COH1 subgroup

Massive left pulmonary artery aneurysm with a co-existing patent ductus arteriosus in a five-year-old female child: a case report

Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm (PAA), whether congenital or acquired, is a rare diagnostic finding compared to aortic aneurysms. There have been few cases where PAAs were documented as a complication of untreated Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) due to long-standing Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). However, it is quite rare for a case of PAA to be reported with co-existing PDA without PAH. This report highlights a case of a five-year-old girl who was presented with palpitations, easy fatigability, fever, cyanosis, and vomiting. A Chest X-ray showed moderate cardiomegaly. A PDA of 6 mm was diagnosed on Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) and a large cavity connected with LPA raised suspicion of a possible LPA aneurysm. A Chest CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of a saccular aneurysm, originating from the distal part of the main Left Pulmonary Artery (LPA) just proximal to the point of bifurcation into lobar branches, measuring 7.5 x 6.5 cm. ---Continu

Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Canola Straw and Buffalo Dung: Optimization of Methane Production in Batch Experiments

In several regions of the Pakistan, crop cultivation is leading to the production crop residues and its disposal problems. It has been suggested that the co-digestion of the crop residues with the buffalo dung might be a disposal way for the wasted portion of the crops' residue. The objective of present study was to optimize the anaerobic co-digestion of canola straw and the buffalo dung through batch experiments in order to obtain maximum methane production. The optimization was carried out in three stages. In first stage, the best canola straw to buffalo dung ratio was evaluated. In second stage, the best concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate was assessedas the alkaline pretreatment chemical, whereas in the third stage most suitable particle size of the canola strawwas evaluated. The assessment criteria for the optimization of a co-digestion were cumulative methane production and ABD (Anaerobic Biodegradability). The results yield that anaerobic co-digestibility of the canola straw and the buffalo dung is obviously influenced by all the three factors of optimization. The maximum methane production was obtained as 911 NmL from the canola straw to buffalo dung ratio of 40:60, the alkaline doze of 0.6 gNaHCO3 / gVS and canola straw particle size of 2mm. However, because of the higher shredding cost to produce 2mm sized canola straw, particle size 4mm could be the best canola straw particle size

Assessment of Ex-Vitro Anaerobic Digestion Kinetics of Crop Residues Through First Order Exponential Models: Effect of LAG Phase Period and Curve Factor

Kinetic studies of AD (Anaerobic Digestion) process are useful to predict the performance of digesters and design appropriate digesters and also helpful in understanding inhibitory mechanisms of biodegradation. The aim of this study was to assess the anaerobic kinetics of crop residues digestion with buffalo dung. Seven crop residues namely, bagasse, banana plant waste, canola straw, cotton stalks, rice straw, sugarcane trash and wheat straw were selected from the field and were analyzed on MC (Moisture Contents), TS (Total Solids) and VS (Volatile Solids) with standard methods. In present study, three first order exponential models namely exponential model, exponential lag phase model and exponential curve factor model were used to assess the kinetics of the AD process of crop residues and the effect of lag phase and curve factor was analyzed based on statistical hypothesis testing and on information theory. Assessment of kinetics of the AD of crop residues and buffalo dung follows the first order kinetics. Out of the three models, the simple exponential model was the poorest model, while the first order exponential curve factor model is the best fit model. In addition to statistical hypothesis testing, the exponential curve factor model has least value of AIC (Akaike's Information Criterion) and can generate methane production data more accurately. Furthermore, there is an inverse linear relationship between the lag phase period and the curve factor

Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Canola Straw and Buffalo Dung: Optimization of Methane Production in Batch Experiments

ABSTRACT In several regions of the Pakistan, crop cultivation is leading to the production crop residues and its disposal problems. It has been suggested that the co-digestion of the crop residues with the buffalo dung might be a disposal way for the wasted portion of the crops' residue. The objective of present study was to optimize the anaerobic co-digestion of canola straw and the buffalo dung through batch experiments in order to obtain maximum methane production. The optimization was carried out in three stages. In first stage, the best canola straw to buffalo dung ratio was evaluated. In second stage, the best concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate was assessedas the alkaline pretreatment chemical, whereas in the third stage most suitable particle size of the canola strawwas evaluated. The assessment criteria for the optimization of a co-digestion were cumulative methane production and ABD (Anaerobic Biodegradability). The results yield that anaerobic co-digestibility of the canola straw and the buffalo dung is obviously influenced by all the three factors of optimization. The maximum methane production was obtained as 911 NmL from the canola straw to buffalo dung ratio of 40:60, the alkaline doze of 0.6 gNaHCO 3 / gVS and canola straw particle size of 2mm. However, because of the higher shredding cost to produce 2mm sized canola straw, particle size 4mm could be the best canola straw particle size. Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Canola Straw and Buffalo Dung: Optimization of Methane Production in Batch Experiments has high alkalinity which can be utilized in the co-digestion with the acidic crop residues like canola straw Moreover, biogas produced from the animal dung has less concentration of methane In several regions of the Pakistan, production of crop residues including banana plant waste, cotton gin waste, rice straw, canola straw, Sugarcane trash and cotton stalks is leading to a solids disposal problems Monetary efficiency of the successful anaerobic digestion process not only be governed by the investment and operating cost of the biogas plant, but also on the optimum methane production. The objective of present study was to optimize the anaerobic co-digestion of canola straw and the buffalo dung through batch experiments in order to obtain maximum methane production. The optimization was carried out in three stages. In first stage, the best canola straw to buffalo dung ratio of was evaluated. In second stage, the best concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 ) was assessed as the alkaline pretreatment chemical, whereas in the third stage most suitable particle size of the canola strawwas evaluated. The assessment criteria for the optimization of a codigestion were cumulative methane production and ABD. METHODOLOGY Optimization of Co-Digestion in Batch Experiments The present study comprises of three stages optimization of the anaerobic co-digestion of the canola straw and the buffalo dung. The blocks diagram of the study is presented in In the second stage, the best ratio of the canola straw and buffalo dung was further optimized for the alkaline doze, whereas the size of the canola straw was taken as less In the third stage, the best ratio of the canola straw to buffalo dung along with the best concentration of NaHCO 3 was used to optimize the canola strawparticle size. Particle size of the canola straw is one of the important factors that not only influence the anaerobic digestion process but also on the efficiency of the biogas plant. In present study, six different particle sizes of the canola straw were used i.e. less than 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10mm and are designated as size S1 to S6 respectively. The size reduction of the canola straw was done by using the hammer mill along with the respected shredding plate of 2,4,6,8 and 10mm sizes, whereas the less than 1mm size was obtained by grinding 6mm particle sized canola straw through coffee grinder. FIG. 1. BLOCKS DIAGRAM OF STUDY Formulation of Batch Assays The batch assays were run as duplicates on ampts AMPTS (Automatic Methane Potential Test System), and for statistical significance the average values were taken as the final results. The 500mL glass bottles were used as reactors and the BMP assays were performed at the temperature of 37±0.2°C, which is most favorable temperature to methanogenic microorganism

Kinetic Study of Cotton Stalk and Rice Husk Samples under an Inert and Oxy Combustion Atmospheres

International audienceBiomass materials such as CS (Cotton Stalks) and RH (Rice Husk) are a renewable source of energy. As biomass resources have potential to offer a uninterpted supply of biofuels through thermal decomposition processes. Nevertheless, an appropriate understanding of reaction kinetics and thermal properties of biomasses play a vital role in designing of the commercial plants using biomass as a raw material for energy generation. The kinetic characteristics of the CS and RH samples under pure nitrogen 99.9% and pure oxygen 99.9% was performed. The temperature was raised from ambient to 900 o C maintaining the heating rate of 10 o C/min. CS and RH decomposition was noticed in three dissimilar regions. The kinetic characteristics such as (pre-exponential factor, the order of reaction and activation energy) were calculated for both selected materials. The activation energies calculated under nitrogen environment for CS and RH was 68.77 and 72.31 kJ/mole, whereas the regression coefficient (R 2) was 0.9877 and 0.9731 respectively. The activation energies under oxygen environment were higher, it was 106 and 118 kJ/mole. The regression coefficient (R 2) under oxygen environment was 0.9987 and 0.99883 for above sample sequence

Improving Methane Production through Co-Digestion of Canola Straw and Buffalo Dung by H2O2 Pretreatment

In this study an effect of acidic pre-treatment on the CS (Canola Straw) and BD (Buffalo Dung) by anaerobic co-digestion was investigated. H2O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide) is a mainly accustomed reagent, used as a bleaching agent in the different industries such as paper and wood. In the present study, it was used as a pre-treatment chemical at varying concentrations in batch reactors. The co-digestion of CS and BD was carried out in SAMPTS (Semi-Automatic Methane Potential Test System) at mesophilic (37±1oC) conditions. The CS was pretreated in glass bottles with different concentrations of the H2O2 for seven days. The inoculum used in the present study was an effluent of the CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor), which was treating BD at mesophilic conditions. The specific methane production from the codigestion of canola straw and BD, by the pre-treatment of H2O2 at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% were 530.8, 544.5, and 510.3 NmL CH4 g/VS, respectively. The significant reduction in the volatile solids of CS was observed at the optimum pre-treatment of 1.0% H2O2